Analyse von Käfergesellschaften in den Naturschutzgebieten von Bugac und Kunbaracs,Ungarn

In the nature reserves of Bugac (Juniper stands) and Kunbaracs (Convallaria-oak-stands), both located in the Hungarian low land, the community of the Coleoptera moving on the soil were analyzed by help of cup shaped traps. In Bugac 40 species and in Kunbaracs21 species of Coleoptera were trapped. The very old Juniperusassociations of Bugac showed the highest constant values of the beetles. The number of beetle species increased parallel to the range of organization of the plant association in the direction to climax.     

Protozoen als Krankheitserreger bei einigen Borkenkäferarten (Col., Scolytidae) im Königssee-Gebiet,Oberbayern

Up to now 16 species of Protozoa are known as pathogens of bark beetles. A list containing informations on the hosts, authors, size of spores and other characteristics of these 16 species is given. In 1976 and 1977 studies were made in the Alps near Berchtesgaden (Königssee) to clear up the Protozoan diseases of 8 bark beetle species:Ips typographus, I. amitinus, Dryocoetes autographus, Pityogenes chalcographus, Hylurgops palliatus, H. glabratus, Xyloterus lineatus andHylastes cunicularius. During this time the bark beetles showed normal density. Four species:Ips typographus, Dryocoetes autographus, Hylurgops palliatus andH. glabratus, were infected by altogether 5 species of Protozoa (Sporozoa):Gregarina typographi, Menzbieria cf.chalcographi, Mattesia schwenkei, Nosema cf.typographi andMalamoeba cf.locustae. Nearer informations on morphology, distribution0 and systematics of the five pathogens are given.     

Zur Wirkung von Fungiziden auf den Apfelmehltau

Out of three fungicides namely Bavistin, Benlate and Saprol, Benlate was best of protectant and eradicant against powdery mildew of apple followed by Bavistin and Saprol. Saprol was best at post inoculation and at symptom expression but other two were better when the disease was in higher intensity. All the fungicides did not allow the new spores to be produced on existing lesions for 26 days. Saprol was more tenacious than the other two.     

Über die Wirkung von Bacillus thuringiensis in Kombination mit dem synthetischen Pyrethroid Ambusch auf Operophthera brumata,Tortrix viridana und die Insektenfauna eines Eichenbestandes

In order to increase the effect of the biopreparation Thuricide HP, we mixed it with pyrethroid Ambusch, a substance highly effective against insects possessing satisfactory parameters as regards toxic residua. Using aerial application, we tested Thuricide HP as a 0.5% suspension in a dose of 1 kg in 200 l water per one ha, the same dose of the preparation combined with a sublethal dose of Ambusch (8 ml/ha, i. e., 2 g of effective substance), and Ambusch in a dose of 120 ml/ha, i. e., 30 g of effective substance/1 ha. The mortality of larvae ofO. brumata andT. viridana attained 61% after the application of Thuricide HP, 83% after Thuricide HP combined with Ambusch, 96% after treatment with Ambusch. As indicated by our results, the biopreparation killed only larvae of Lepidoptera, while pyrethroid effected the entire spectrum of insect species colonizing the crowns of the treated stand. A combination of the biopreparation with a sublethal dose of pyrethroid was sufficiently effective against the pest, with a decreased effect on the remaining insect species.     

Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Entomofauna der Fichtenzapfen,Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Norwegen

Zusammenfassung Aus 61 Fichtenzapfen,Picea abies (L.) Karst., gesammelt im September 1985 in Arendal, Norwegen, wurden 20 Arten Insekten (449 Individuen) aus den Ordnungen: Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera und Diptera gewonnen (Tab. 1). Dabei tratGaurax strobilum Karps (Dipt., Chloropidae) als neue Art für Norwegens Fauna auf.Es wird der Schlüpfverlauf vonKaltenbachiola strobi (Winn.) (Dipt., Cecidomyiidae) und seiner Parasiten (Abb. 1) dargestellt, nämlich:Anogmus vala (Walk.) (Pteromalidae),Platygaster contorticornis (Ratz.) (Platygasteridae),Tetrastichus strobilanae (Ratz.) (Eulophidae),Torymus azureus Boh. undT. caudatus Boh. (Torymidae).

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Contribution to the knowledge of entomofauna of the spruce cones,Picea abies (L.) Karst. in Norway

Information on 20 species (a total of 449 individuals) of insects, belonging to orders Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera, are given. Insects were obtained from cones of spruce,Picea abies (L.) Karst. collected in Norway in 1985.

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Mit einer Abbildung und einer Tabelle     

Paecilomyces tenuipes (Peck) Samson,ein seltener insektenpathogener Pilz an Noctuiden

The entomopathogenic fungusPaecilomyces tenuipes was isolated from dead noctuid pupae the identification of which was impossible. Some remarks are given on the morphology of this fungus rarely occurring in our regions. Besides the conspicuous synnemata and the oblong oval conidia (6,0–10,0×2,0–3,8 μm from culture, 4,5–7,5 ×2,0–2,5 μm from infected larvae) brown coloured and thick-walled appressoria were formed on glass surfaces. Pathogenicity tests showed thatP. tenuipes can infect as well larvae ofMamestra brassicae andAgrotis segetum as pupae ofM. brassicae andAutographa gamma. The formation of a perfect state was never observed.     

Zur Kenntnis der Culex pipiens-Gruppe (Dipt., Culicidae) im bayerischen Alpenvorland. 3. Überwinterung in Gebäuden

Part 3 deals with problems of hibernation ofCulex pipiens pipiens L. Investigations were made on: Seasonel changes in the gonoactivity and in the development of fat-body with regard to the hibernation; Period of beginning of hibernation; origin of the hibernatingCulex and possible migrations from breeding sites lying far away from the places of hibernation; accounts of the natural and artificial overwintering grounds in the open land and in buildings; behaviour of the autumnal flight into buildings before visiting the definite places of hibernation; the climatic and light conditions at the seats ofCulex in stables during the fall months; the readiness of flight of these mosquitoes; the autumnal behaviour of flight into dwelling houses and the demands ofCulex on the environment; the behaviour of hibernating mosquitoes in the area of dwelling especially their searching migrations after the impairment of conditions; loss of populations of overwinteringCulex and its causes; proceedings and circumstances leading to the termination of hibernation; period of flying out of dwelling houses.