ORIGINAL ARTICLE: The effect of dietary methionine levels on endogenous nitrogen and endogenous amino acids flows in growing goats

The effect of dietary methionine (Met) levels on endogenous N and amino acids (AA) flows at different part of the digestive tract of growing goats was determined using a ¹⁵N isotope dilution technique. Three goats (25 ± 2.5 kg) were fitted with the ruminal, duodenal and ileal cannulae and allocated to three dietary treatments in a 3 × 3 Latin square design. The dietary treatments consisted of a total mixed ration containing three levels of Met (0.15%, 0.25% and 0.35%) respectively. It was found that at 0.15% Met level, the lowest flow in endogenous N and total AA at the duodenum and ileum occurred. The endogenous N secretion contributed to 26% and 23% of the duodenal and ileal total N flows, respectively, and the proportions were not affected by the dietary Met levels. The duodenal and ileal flows of endogenous total AA were 11.1, 11.8, 11.3 g/d and 2.9, 3.9, 4.1 g/d respectively. The average real digestibility of N was 65%, 87% and 95% in the forestomach, intestine and whole digestive tract respectively.     

酮病奶牛血清中NO含量及NOS活性变化的研究

为了深入研究酮病的发生机理,选择荷斯坦奶牛作实验动物,应用酮粉法和改良式水杨醛比色法随机检测分组,Ⅰ组为10头阳性牛、Ⅱ组为10头对照牛。应用硝酸还原酶法测定血清中一氧化氮(NO)含量和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)活性。实验结果表明对照组奶牛血清中的NO含量及NOS活性均显著大于阳性组。由此可知,酮病可导致奶牛血清中NO含量降低、NOS活性下降。     

从台湾地区输入羊肉及其制品传入动物疫病的风险分析

本文借鉴新西兰风险分析模型,从动物疫病传入释放可能性、定殖扩散可能性以及对经济和生态的潜在危害性等3个方面,对从台湾地区输入羊肉进行了动物疫病传入风险分析。结果表明,口蹄疫和绵羊/山羊痘2种动物疫病能给大陆地区养羊业带来较高风险。根据风险分析结果,提出了相应的风险管理措施。     

Characterization of polymorphisms of transferrin receptor and their association with susceptibility to ETEC F4ab/ac in pigs

Diarrhoea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) expressing F4 (F4ab, F4ac and F4ad) fimbriae is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in newborn and weaned pigs. The locus controlling susceptibility towards ETEC F4ab/ac has been mapped to SSC13q41, in which TFRC (transferrin receptor) was localized and considered as a positional candidate gene for ETEC F4ab/ac receptor. In this study, we determined susceptibility/resistance to ETEC F4ab/ac in a total of 755 F2 animals from a White Duroc x Erhualian intercross using a microscopic enterocyte adhesion assay. We identified two TFRC polymorphisms (SNPs 591 A>G and 632 A>G) in a single exon after comparative sequencing analysis of 2371-bp amplicons containing the complete coding region of TFRC using RNA of eight full-sib F2 animals with susceptible and resistant phenotypes. The intron sequences flanking the two exon polymorphisms were obtained, revealing an intron polymorphism (SNP 291 C>T). We genotyped the 19 founder animals of the White Duroc x Erhualian intercross for the identified polymorphisms, showing that only the 291 C>T polymorphism is a highly informative marker. We further genotyped all 59 F1 and 755 F2 animals for the 291 C>T polymorphism, and the association of this polymorphism with susceptibility/resistance to ETEC F4ab/ac in these F2 animals was evaluated by the transmission disequilibrium test. The result showed that the 291 C>T polymorphism is not a causal mutation, however, has a significant linkage disequilibrium with the ETEC F4ab/ac, especially F4ac receptor locus.     

猪低蛋白日粮研究进展

低蛋白日粮具有节省成本,低氮污染等经济的和环境的优势。利用猪的理想蛋白模式,采用可消化氨基酸和净能体系等技术配制玉米和豆粕为主要原料的猪日粮时,通过补充合成氨基酸,降低日粮蛋白水平(2%～4%)能使氮的排出量显著减少,且不影响猪的生长性能。     

云南德宏水牛乳基本组分的研究

本实验采用乳品分析仪对云南德宏奶水牛与荷斯坦牛乳中乳糖、乳脂、乳蛋白、总固形物、非脂固形物等含量进行测定。同时采用SDS-PAGE对乳蛋白各组分进行分离,并利用凝胶成像系统进行扫描定量。结果表明,德宏奶水牛乳中乳脂、乳糖、乳蛋白、总固形物、非脂固形物含量都极显著高于荷斯坦牛乳(P0.01)。酪蛋白百分含量在两个品种乳蛋白中占优势。德宏奶水牛乳蛋白中α-乳白蛋白含量显著高于荷斯坦牛乳(P0.05),而β-乳球蛋白含量显著低于荷斯坦牛乳(P0.05),血清白蛋白和酪蛋白则差异不显著(P0.05)。     

饲料中抗营养因子--单宁的含量分析方法

针对近年来单宁在动物营养上的最新研究成果,本文重点阐述了饲料中缩合单宁、可水解单宁和总酚类化合物的分析方法。旨在为更好地利用含单宁饲料提供参考。     

鸡蛋夏天保存过程中微生物变化比较研究

本研究探讨了鸡蛋在盛夏室内自然条件下,不同储存时间对鸡蛋微生物变化情况的影响。结果表明,鸡蛋外壳和内容物菌落总数随着存放时间(0～25d)延长呈上升趋势,变化范围分别在1.70×104～4.69×105CFU/g和0～9.5×107CFU/mL之间。鸡蛋外壳大肠菌群总数随着时间的延长先不断增加,在第15d检测时数目明显减少,第25d减少更加明显。鸡蛋蛋清和蛋黄混合物的大肠菌群总数在贮藏第1d至第4d并未检测出明显大肠菌群,从第8d随着时间的延长而不断增加,但增幅不大,第25d鸡蛋已完全变质,细菌菌落总数增幅较之前异常明显,多不可计。     

辅导员进公寓工作与学风建设

目前,国内大多数高校中思想政治辅导员正在成为学风建设中坚力量,具有管理和育人双重身份,是学风建设直接组织者和实施者.优良学风是保证高校教育质量,培养高素质人才重要前提.公寓是学生日常生活、学习的主要场所,加强学生公寓思想政治教育工作和安全稳定管理是新形势下赋予高校重要任务.辅导员进学生公寓,是大学生思想政治教育工作"跟进式教育"理念实践,对于加强和改善高校学风建设工作起到积极推进作用且意义重大.     

不同条件下木聚糖酶稳定性的研究

本试验研究了木聚糖酶在不同温度、pH值和保存条件下酶活变化情况.结果表明:木聚糖酶整体耐高温性能较好,85℃下相对酶活仍然能保持在70%以上,同时随着处理时间的延长在不同温度下酶活损失也呈增加趋势;偏酸性条件木聚糖酶能保持较高的酶活,碱性条件不利于木聚糖酶的存活;在常温和37℃恒温保存条件下木聚糖酶都具有良好的稳定性.