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31.
Helvécio De-Polli Eiichi Matsui Johanna D?bereiner Eneas Salati 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1977,9(2):119-123
Intact soil cores containing plants of Paspalum notatum or Digitaria decumbens were selected with the acetylene reduction method, and then exposed to 15N15 to confirm nitrogen fixation in tropical grass-bacteria associations. In a preliminary experiment with P. notatum15N2 incorporation was slow but progressive during 24 h in roots but translocation to rhizomes and leaves ceased after 17h. With improved assay chambers, enrichments of 0.151 and 0.563 15N atom % excess were obtained in roots of D. decumbens cv transvala and P. notatum systems respectively, after 3 days. Enrichments in rhizomes were similar to those of roots; however in the leaves only 8% of root enrichment was observed. The addition of sucrose to the soil doubled N2-fixation in roots in both grass species studied, but did not result in increased incorporation into the leaves of P. notatum. 相似文献
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品种权保护对国内大蒜行业的影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
我国是全球最主要的大蒜生产国、消费国和出口国,研究并推广具有自主知识产权的大蒜改良品种,是我国大蒜行业目前和今后一个时期发展的主要措施之一。品种权保护在我国尚处于起步阶段,尤其大蒜行业更缺乏品种权保护意识,文章以江苏省大蒜生产加工企业为研究对象,通过实地访谈与电话调查的方式,获取江苏省大蒜企业有关品种权保护的相关资料,并以此为依据,探讨我国加入WTO后如何从品种权保护的角度来提高大蒜行业竞争力以及提出相应对策。 相似文献
34.
George?J.?VandemarkEmail author Niklaus?J.?Grünwald 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,111(4):309-316
Aphanomyces euteiches causes severe root rot of peas. Resistance is limited in commercial pea cultivars. Real-time fluorescent PCR assay specific for A. euteiches was used to study the relationship between disease severity and pathogen DNA content in infected peas. Five pea genotypes ranging in levels of resistance were inoculated with five isolates of A. euteiches. Plants were visually rated for disease development and the amount of pathogen DNA in roots was determined using the PCR assay. The susceptible genotypes Genie, DSP and Bolero tended to have significantly more disease and more pathogen DNA than the resistant genotypes 90-2079 and PI 180693. PI 180693 consistently had less disease, while 90-2079 had the lowest amount of pathogen DNA. The Spearman correlation between pathogen DNA quantity and disease development was positive and significant (P < 0.05) for three isolates, but was not significant for two other isolates. This suggests that the real-time PCR assay may have limited application as a selection tool for resistance in pea to A. euteiches. Its utility as a selection tool would be dependent on the correlation between disease development and pathogen DNA content for a given pathogen isolate. The accuracy and specificity of the real-time PCR assay suggests considerable application for the assay in the study of mechanisms of disease resistance and the study of microbial population dynamics in plants. 相似文献
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齿兰环斑病毒与建兰花叶病毒分子检测研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
齿兰环斑病毒(Odontoglossum ringspot virus,ORSV)与建兰花叶病毒(Cymbidium mosaic virus, CyMV)是严重危害兰科植物的两种主要病毒。本研究根据病毒外壳蛋白基因设计特异性引物,应用ELISA、普通RT-PCR、巢式RT-PCR和免疫捕获RT-PCR4种方法进行了检测研究与比较。结果表明:普通RT-PCR与ELISA方法检测灵敏度相当;巢式RT-PCR检测灵敏度要比普通RT-PCR与ELISA方法高出104倍以上;免疫捕获RT-PCR检测灵敏度介于普通RT-PCR和巢式RT-PCR之间。采用巢式RT-PCR方法对我国台湾进境的蝴蝶兰植株样本检测,1号样本出现与阳性对照一致的特异条带。双向测序分析,扩增产物序列与ORSV外壳蛋白基因具有100%的同源性,表明1号蝴蝶兰样本携带ORSV。 相似文献
38.
Karel?PetrzikEmail author 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,111(4):355-360
Apple mosaic virus (ApMV, genus Ilarvirus) was detected in pears, a previously non-reported virus host. No symptoms were visible on the hosts leaves. Seventeen out of 22 randomly selected pear trees in Italy (Lombardy) and in three regions in the Czech Republic were ApMV-infected. All nine newly sequenced ApMV isolates from pears had a 15-nucleotide insertion in the capsid protein gene in identical position of that of apple isolates compared with isolates from hop and prunes. The insertion is the most prominent (but not essential) modification of the capsid protein gene, which results in a phylogenetic separation of ApMV isolates into three clusters. Sequence analysis data of an additional 15 isolates revealed a sequence correlation with kernelled fruit trees (apple and pear). 相似文献
39.
Phytophthora root rot, caused byPhytophthora cinnamomi Rands, is the most important disease of avocado (Persea americana Miller). In an attempt to identify root rot-resistant rootstocks that could ultimately be used under conditions in southern
Florida, we screened open-pollinated progeny of avocado from the National Germplasm Repository in Miami. From 1996 to 1998,
a total of 2,355 seedlings from 51 accessions were examined in potting mix artificially infested withP. cinnamomi. Most seedlings developed severe root rot, but tolerance was observed in some families (i.e., progeny of certain accessions). Although the most susceptible families developed mean disease ratings of up to 97% root
necrosis, mean ratings for the most tolerant families were less than 60%. There was also a strong relationship between the
racial background of the female parent and the tolerance of seedlings. Seedlings of the West Indian race and hybrids between
it and the Guatemalan race were significantly more tolerant than those from other parents (P< 0.05). Individuals in several
families developed < 50% root necrosis, the arbitrary standard of tolerance in this study. Twelve families accounted for 82%
(188 of 229) of the tolerant seedlings, and only two of these did not have a West Indian or Guatemalan × West Indian pedigree.
Broad-sense heritability for PRR tolerance was 0.45. This is the first report on the inheritance of PRR tolerance in avocado
and on the influence of genotype and racial pedigree under controlled conditions. 相似文献
40.