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Minoru Funaki Makoto Nishizawa Takuji Sawaya Sadanobu Inoue Takashi Yamagishi 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(2):295-300
SUMMARY: The mineral (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Zn) contents in the holdfast of three brown algae of the genus Laminaria were determined to compare with those in frond and stipe. The wild and cultivated kelps of Laminaria japonica , L. ochotensis , and L. diabolica were used as samples. The K content was markedly high (11.76–14.91 g/100 g dry weight) in the holdfast of cultivated L. japonica; the K/Na ratio (3.88–5.18) of the holdfast was greater than those of frond and stipe as well as the reported values of frond (1.0–2.2). The content of Ca in the holdfasts of these three species was also higher than those in frond and stipe. The content of Mn showed the same tendency. This is the first report showing that the holdfast of L. japonica and L. diabolica is rich in minerals, especially K. 相似文献
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Hideaki Hayashi Chigusa Arai Yurie Ikeuchi Maho Yamanaka Takuji Hirayama 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13518
The effect of growth and parturition on hair cortisol concentrations of cattle was investigated. Plasma, saliva, and hair (black and white from the shoulders and hip) samples were collected from calves at 6 and 24 weeks old and from dairy cattle at the dry (1 and 2 months prepartum) and lactation (10, 50, 150, and 250 days postpartum) periods. Plasma and saliva cortisol concentrations were lower in 24-week-old calves than those of 6-week-old calves, and hair cortisol concentrations decreased regardless of color and position. In 6-week-old calves, hair cortisol concentrations differed between sampling positions, but this difference was not observed in 24-week-old calves. Plasma and saliva cortisol concentrations increased before parturition until 10 days postpartum then decreased until 50 days postpartum. The same trend was observed in the cortisol concentrations of white hair. Contrarily, cortisol concentrations in black hair remained unchanged and was lower than that in white hair. Hair cortisol concentration can vary greatly depending on the location on the body, hair color, cattle age, or parturition. When this method is used, all of the above factors must be considered. 相似文献
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Detailed cost-return of freshwater prawn farming in Hawaii is estimated for farms ranging in size from a minimum of 1 acre to a maximum of 100 acres. Major factors affecting cost and revenue are discussed. Freshwater prawn farming in Hawaii is profitable at the existing average annual production of 3 000 pounds/acre and at the existing average farm price of $3.00/pound for farms that are 10 acres or larger. Smaller farms are profitable only when operated as a family venture. 相似文献
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Ronggui Hu Ryusuke Hatano Kanako Kusa Takuji Sawamoto 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(6):797-804
Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the effect of N fertilization on the soil CH4 flux during the growing season of onion in a structured clay soil with stagnant water at depths of 70–80 cm and with a peat-mixed subsoil. The following 4 treatments were analyzed over a period of two years: T1) fertilized, onion growing, T2) fertilized, bare field, T3) unfertilized, onion growing, and T4) unfertilized, bare field. In the fertilized T1 and T2 treatments, fertilizers (mixture of 3 : 1 NH4NO3 : (NH4)2SO4) at rates of 322 kg N ha?1 in 1999 and 242 kg N ha?1 in 2000 were applied as basal fertilizers before onion was transplanted. CH4 fluxes among the treatments ranged from ?0.06 to 0.12 mg CH4-C m?2 h?1 in 1999, and from ?0.03 to 0.01 mg CH4-C m?2 h?1 in 2000, which were high after heavy rain in summer. Cumulative CH4 flux from May to November in the fertilized T1 and T2 treatments was 59 mg CH4-C m?2 for both treatments in 1999, and 3.2 and ?0.9 mg CH4-C m?2 in 2000, respectively. On the other hand, in the unfertilized T3 and T4 treatments, the cumulative CH4 flux was 0.2 and ?9.2 mg CH4-C m?2 in 1999, and ?26 and ?20 mg CH4-C m?2 in 2000, respectively. Although the cumulative CH4 flux in each treatment was higher in 1999 than in 2000, the fertilized treatments in both years showed a significantly higher cumulative CH4 flux than the unfertilized treatments. This might be ascribed to the higher level of nitrification in the fertilized treatments, because a high nitrate concentration was observed in the fertilized treatments in the onion growing season. The results also revealed that onion growing did not exert a significant influence on the CH4 flux. The precipitation from May to November was 642 mm in 1999 and 1,008 mm in 2000, and the CH4 emission increased when the precipitation was low. In addition, the CH4 concentration in the soil profile increased with the increase of the depth in summer as the soil was dry. These findings indicated that CH4 diffusion from the soil to the atmosphere was inhibited by rainwater. 相似文献
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Sodium (Na) application has marked beneficial effects on plant growth when the potassium (K) supply is low. Under low K supply, three japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, Koshihikari, Nipponbare, and Sasanishiki, accumulated more Na than three indica cultivars, IR36, IR64, and Kasalath, and the effect of Na application on growth was greater in japonica Koshihikari plants than in indica IR64 plants. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis using a population of backcross inbred lines derived from japonica Koshihikari and indica Kasalath identified two significant loci associated with shoot Na concentration on chromosomes 3 and 6. The quantitative trait locus for shoot Na accumulation on chromosome 6 was confirmed in a population of chromosome segment substitution lines. The major QTL detected in this study could be useful for increasing crop productivity under low K input. 相似文献
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Abstract The presence of 4-MeGln in the tulip plant was discovered by ZACHARIUS et al. (1954), and it was found that this amide generally occurred in the leaves of almost all the species of genus Tulipa (FOWDEN and STEWARD 1957a). The 4-MeGln compound has been detected in every part of the tulip plant, i.e., bulb scales, roots, basal plate, young shoots, leaves, stern, and flower (FOWDEN and STEWARD 1957a, b; OHYAMA 1986; OHYAMA et al. 1985, 1988a, b; ZACHARIUS et al. 1954, 1957). Especially 4-MeGln was found to be a major soluble N constituent in the leaves and stem of tulip of the flowering stage (OHYAMA et al. 1985; OHYAMA 1986). 相似文献
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Richard J. Johnson Chris Rivard Miguel A. Lanaspa Silvia Otabachian-Smith Takuji Ishimoto Christina Cicerchi Peter R. Cheeke Bridgett McIntosh Tanja Hess 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
Fructose is a simple sugar present in honey and fruits, but can also exist as a polymer (fructans) in pasture grasses. Mammals are unable to metabolize fructans, but certain gram-positive bacteria contain fructanases and can convert fructans to fructose in the gut. Recent studies suggest that fructose generated from bacteria or directly obtained from the diet can induce both increased intestinal permeability and features of metabolic syndrome, especially the development of insulin resistance. The development of insulin resistance is driven in part by the metabolism of fructose by fructokinase C in the liver, which results in oxidative stress in the hepatocyte. Similarly, the metabolism of fructose in the small bowel by intestinal fructokinase may lead to increased intestinal permeability and endotoxemia. Although speculative, these observations raise the possibility that the mechanism by which fructans induce laminitis could involve intestinal and hepatic fructokinase. Further studies are indicated to determine the role of fructanases, fructose, and fructokinase in equine metabolic syndrome and laminitis. 相似文献