The effects of vitamin E on non-specific immune response of the juvenile soft-shelled turtle <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pelodiscus sinensis</Emphasis>

ABSTRACT:   This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary vitamin E supplements on non-specific immune responses in juvenile soft-shelled turtles. Turtles were fed diets supplemented with vitamin E at 0 (control), 50, 250, 500, 1000 and 5000 mg/kg, respectively, for 4 weeks. Results showed that blood cell phagocytosis and serum bactericidal activity were significantly improved in turtles from two diets (250 and 500 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation), while had no significant improvement in turtles from the three remaining diets (50, 1000 and 5000 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation) when compared to turtles from the control group. Serum bacteriolytic activity in turtles from diets with 50, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation were higher than activity levels quantified for the control group, but no significant difference was observed between the 5000 mg/kg vitamin E supplementation diet and the control diet. The results suggest that vitamin E has an upper and lower threshold for improving non-specific immune function in soft-shelled turtles, and the optimal supplementation may be between 250 and 500 mg/kg.     

大麦高蛋白种质遗传稳定性分析

鉴定和筛选高蛋白大麦种质资源为育种者利用 ,提高饲用和食用大麦的营养品质是国内外大麦育种关注的热点。作者对“八五”、“九五”期间初鉴的 170余份蛋白质含量高的品种进行多点种植鉴定 ,从中选出 4 0份进行 2年多点重复鉴定和遗传稳定性分析 ,选出一批比Hiproly遗传稳定、性状比较优异的高蛋白种质。     

大豆异黄酮糖配体制备工艺研究

以大豆胚轴为原料,通过正交设计确立制备含染料木黄酮的糖配体酸水解条件,水解酸液的浓度为2.5 mol/L、水解温度为90℃,水解时间为3h.根据糖配体的溶解度与极性经AB-8大孔树脂柱乙醇溶剂分步淋洗(水→30%乙醇→80%乙醇)分离及以氯仿:甲醇:20%冰乙酸,体积比为7:3:1为展开系薄层小量制备出纯度为48.6%大豆异黄酮糖配体染料木黄酮.     

拮抗菌XB16在香蕉体内的定殖及对抗病相关酶活性的影响

XB16(Bacillus subtilis)是分离自香蕉根部组织的芽孢杆菌,该菌株对香蕉枯萎病有显著的拮抗作用。为进一步研究XB16在香蕉体内的定殖情况及对抗病相关酶活性的影响,通过浓度梯度诱导法,获得在含有300μg/mL利福平的NA培养基上稳定生长且对病原菌拮抗能力保持不变的XB16突变株。在温室条件下采用3种不同的接种方法,研究XB16在香蕉体内的定殖动态。结果表明,采用伤根淋菌液法和灌根法接种,XB16均能在香蕉体内定殖和传导,显示出该菌株在香蕉体内有较好的定殖能力。两种接种方法中,定殖菌数量在香蕉各组织中的消长动态均表现为先增长后缓慢下降;但是采用喷雾法接种XB16后在香蕉各组织中没有检测到标记菌,说明该接种方法不能使XB16在香蕉体内定殖。灌根法接种XB16后取香蕉假茎组织测定了香蕉体内抗病相关酶的活性。结果表明,拮抗菌株处理后过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)均比接种病原菌和清水对照明显提高,PPO和POD酶活最高峰分别出现在接种后第5天和第7天。两种酶在接种后的第15天仍保持较高活性,推测诱导抗性是XB16菌株的防病机制之一。     

持续高温胁迫对茄子幼苗几个主要生理指标的影响

为了明确持续高温胁迫对不同耐热性茄子品种(系)主要生理指标影响的异同,特采用7份耐热性不同的茄子材料,分别进行2、4、6 d高温处理及6 d高温处理后恢复处理,未高温处理苗做对照,研究了高温胁迫对SOD和POD抗氧化酶活性、AsA和GSH含量,MDA和可溶性蛋白含量以及O.-2产生速率、H2O2含量的影响。结果表明:高温处理2 d和4 d时,SOD和POD抗氧化酶活性、AsA和GSH含量增加,相应的O.-2产生速率、H2O2含量下降;6 d时SOD活性、AsA和GSH含量有所降低,O.-2产生速率、H2O2含量上升,POD活性在热敏感品种(系)继续大幅增加。随高温胁迫时间延长MDA含量不断增加,可溶性蛋白含量变化不大。另外,对各生理指标与热害指数和膜相对电导率的相关性分析结果表明,热胁迫6 d时AsA含量及热胁迫2 d时的O.-2产生速率、H2O2含量与热害指数和相对电导率相关显著,可以作为鉴定不同品种耐热性的参考指标。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定猪尿液中地西泮及其7种代谢物残留

为建立快速测定猪尿中地西泮及其7种代谢物残留的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)确证方法,本研究优化了样品净化的阳离子交换固相萃取柱(PCX柱)及其淋洗洗脱条件.猪尿液酸化后直接经PCX柱净化,依次用水、60％ 甲醇水溶液淋洗,最后用5％ 氨化甲醇洗脱;选用BEH C18色谱柱分离,UPLC-MS/MS进...     

再生水灌溉农田氮素监测及水肥耦合研究展望

再生水灌溉,是缓解水资源紧缺状况的一个重要措施,在缓解农田土壤旱情的同时,为农田注入了一定量的N、P营养物质,可明显地提高作物产量(可达到10%以上)。但是,在大量使用再生水灌溉的同时,也必须加强对农田氮素动态变化过程的监测,并据此适量调整减小施肥数量,以避免农田氮素过量而导致农田生态环境的恶化和水体的污染。提出了农田氮素监测和据此分析确定灌溉施肥数量的研究设想,包括研究内容、方法、拟解决的关键技术问题,以及预期成果和应用前景等。     

A reovirus disease in cultured mud crab, Scylla serrata, in southern China

A reovirus, designated mud crab reovirus (MCRV), associated with large economic losses was recently isolated from marine cultured mud crab, Scylla serrata, in southern China. The complete viral particle is 70 nm in diameter, icosahedral and non-enveloped. The virus infects connective tissue cells of the hepatopancreas, gills and intestine in mud crab and develops in the cytoplasm. Hundred per cent mortality was observed in mud crab experimentally infected by intramuscular injection, bath inoculation and oral inoculation, while cohabitation infection caused 80% mortality. The viral genome consists of 13 linear dsRNA segments, with an electrophoretic pattern 1/5/7. The results of this study suggest that the virus is highly pathogenic and can be transmitted enterically as well as via the body surface of mud crab. Although the genomic organization of this virus is different from that of the other crab reoviruses, CcRV-W2 and DpPV, all three of these reoviruses have similar electrophoresis patterns. Therefore, MCRV may be a new member of the DpPV and CcRV-W2 group.     

苍溪梨果实褐斑病研究

近年来湖北襄阳一带苍溪梨果实上的褐斑病害,经研究证明,系磷、硼双缺引起。及时合理施硼,能迅速控制此病;保持土壤速效磷水平较高,可显著减轻受害程度