福建省H9N2亚型禽流感病毒HA和NA基因的进化分析

为进一步了解福建省H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的基因遗传进化关系,本研究将福建省2011年分离的毒株FZ-04、FZ-11与GenBank上登录的2000～2011年福建省分离的H9N2毒株及国内外典型代表株进行HA、NA基因的序列比对和遗传进化分析。结果表明,分离株FZ-04和FZ-11的HA基因与CK/FJ/G9/09株核苷酸同源性最高,属于国内常见的CK/BJ/1/94亚系。HA裂解位点处的氨基酸序列为-PSRSSR/GL-,符合低致病性禽流感病毒的分子特征。NA基因在遗传进化关系上呈现独立的分支,与CK/FJ/10954/05毒株核苷酸序列同源性最高,属于CK/HK/G9/97亚系,且NA基因推导的469个氨基酸序列中没有缺失。同时,从HA和NA基因的遗传进化树上可知,2000～2011年福建省H9N2禽流感病毒进化相对比较稳定,可能有一个共同的起源。     

Expression of 14-3-3 σ protein in normal and neoplastic canine mammary gland

14-3-3 σ protein is a negative cell cycle regulator, with both reduced and elevated levels associated with cancer in humans. This study assessed the expression of this protein in canine mammary tissues using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. 14-3-3 σ was detected in 97% of the mammary tissue samples examined and was found in both myoepithelial (MECs) and epithelial (ECs) cells. Expression levels were elevated and reduced in neoplastic ECs and MECs, respectively (P < 0.001). Intense expression of 14-3-3 σ was detected in neoplastic ECs infiltrating blood vessels and lymph nodes and suggests a possible role for this protein in the malignant transformation of mammary neoplasms. Moreover, double immunostaining for 14-3-3 σ and the MEC – specific marker p63, confirmed that 14-3-3 σ is a highly sensitive marker of MECs since all p63 – positive cells were also positive for 14-3-3 σ. However, this protein is not exclusive to MECs as ECs also labelled positively.     

Immunoadjuvant activities of a recombinant chicken IL-12 in chickens vaccinated with Newcastle disease virus recombinant HN protein

Recombinant fowlpox virus (rFPV/HN) expressing Newcastle disease virus (NDV) HN gene and rFPV/HN/chIL-12 co-expressing chicken IL-12 (chIL-12) and HN (rHN/chIL-12) genes have been characterized. rHN/chIL-12 or rchIL-12, expressed by our previous construct rFPV/chIL-12, co-administered with rHN was assessed for adjuvant activities of chIL-12. Chickens were vaccinated with various amounts of rHN/chIL-12 mixed with mineral oil (MO), intramuscularly. Levels of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody production depended on the concentration of the injected rHN or rHN/chIL-12. The lower HI antibody titers were obtained in chicken groups rHN/chIL-12/7-rHN/chIL-12/9, receiving 60ng rHN/8ng chIL-12 with MO, 30ng rHN/4ng chIL-12 with MO or 15ng rHN/2ng chIL-12 with MO, respectively, compared to those in chicken groups rHN/7-rHN/9, receiving rHN with MO alone. However, chickens in group rHN/chIL-12/7 or rHN/chIL-12/8 and rHN with MO alone showed the same effective protection. Chicken group rHN/chIL-12/9 was even more protective than that in group rHN/9. When rchIL-12 was co-injected with 15ng rHN plus MO, chickens produced low levels of HI antibody titers; while higher levels of IFN-γ production and an effective protection rate (83%) were obtained. On the other hand, low levels of IFN-γ production and low protection response (50%) were obtained in chickens injected with rHN with MO alone. Taken together, when the concentration of rHN decreased to certain levels, rchIL-12 reduced HI antibody production. The increase in the induction of IFN-γ production might suggest the enhancement of the cell-mediated immunity which conferred the protection from the NDV challenge.     

柞蚕幼虫黄体色与白体色的遗传分析及类胡萝卜素组成比较

为深入探讨柞蚕幼虫体色多样性的形成机制,分析柞蚕品种豫大1号(黄体色)和白一化(白体色,略带黄色)幼虫体色的遗传规律,并比较二者在体壁类胡萝卜素组成上的差异。杂交试验发现,F₁的幼虫体色为黄色,F₂有黄色和白色两种表型,且分离比符合3∶1;回交BC₁(F₁×豫大1号)均为黄色,而BC₁(F₁×白一化)则有两种表型,即黄色和白色,分离比符合1∶1。遗传分析表明,豫大1号的基因型为YYGG,白一化的基因型为YYgg,豫大1号的黄体色对白一化的白体色属于完全显性遗传。代谢组学分析发现,豫大1号中的类胡萝卜素含量(10.259μg/g)远高于白一化(1.167μg/g);白一化体壁中的叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素和玉米黄质含量远小于豫大1号。综上认为,体壁中类胡萝卜素的缺乏是导致白一化形成白体色的原因之一。     

犊牛魏氏梭菌的分离鉴定及致病性研究

2017年1月,山东省某规模化奶牛场10～20日龄犊牛出现腹泻、拉血便、呼吸困难等症状,部分犊牛突然死亡。通过流行病学调查和尸体剖检,初步怀疑为魏氏梭菌感染。采集病料进行病理组织学检查、细菌分离鉴定、生化试验、16S及毒素基因检测等,证明疫情由A型魏氏梭菌所致。对死亡犊牛的肠内容物及分离菌株进行致病性研究,发现肠内容物及分离菌株具有较强的致病性。药敏试验结果显示,该菌对青霉素、头孢噻呋、恩诺沙星等表现极敏感。根据病原确诊情况及药敏试验结果,指导临床用药,及时控制了牛场疫情。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定禽粪便中尼卡巴嗪的残留量

本试验建立了一种测定禽粪便中尼卡巴嗪(以DNC计)的残留量的超高效液相色谱串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法.以甲醇:0.2％甲酸水溶液(75+25)为流动相,0.2 mL/min流速,30℃柱温下,超高效液相色谱分离,三重串联四级杆质谱多反应监测(MRM)扫描模式检测,DNC-D8同位素内标法进行定量.试验结果表明,DNC浓度在10～1000 ng/mL时,呈良好的线性关系,R2为0.9996;4组不同浓度各6个平行样的回收实验,回收率范围为84.8％ ～ 91.2％,平均回收率达到87.9％;相对标准偏差RSD范围为2.47％ ～ 5.45％.本方法特异性强、定性准确、灵敏度高,完全能满足禽粪便中尼卡巴嗪的残留检测.     

二甲硝咪唑注射液的稳定性研究

从合成得到的水溶性二甲硝咪唑盐配方制备二甲硝咪唑注射液 ,对其进行光加速和热加速稳定性研究。证实本品对光不稳定、对热稳定 ,预测室温 (2 5℃ )避光保存有效期为 3.4 6年     

中国淡水鱼类种质资源的保护和利用

本文简要介绍了目前世界鱼类资源概况、我国鱼类资源现状，以及鱼类生物多样性的极丰富程度与易被破坏性，还介绍了造成鱼类种类减少或区系组成变化的主要原因以及造成鱼类遗传多样性减少的内在原因和外部原因；比较详细的提出了鱼类种质资源保护的目的、策略及措施。并就我国鲤科鱼类繁育群体的大小、鱼类种质的鉴定与评价及利用前景作了分析。     

桑椹浆瘿蚊的生物学特性及防治技术研究

桑椹浆瘿蚊（ContariniamorulaeJiangnomennudum）是新发现的一种桑树害虫。在陕西关中地区年发生1代，以幼虫寄生于雌花子房内为害，5月中旬幼虫老熟后弹跳入土结茧越夏越冬。采用蛹期或幼虫入土期地面薄膜覆盖；或蛹期每公顷用40％甲基异柳磷乳油6kg或50％甲基对硫磷6.6kg拌适量干细土撒施于桑园土壤，有较好的防治效果。     

丹麦的水貂养殖业

根据有关丹麦水貂养殖业发展的历史经验及近20年来的种貂存栏数据资料，对丹麦的水貂养殖业现状进行了分析，并对1985～2005年丹麦水貂农场数量和貂场种貂存栏数量进行了比较。通过对丹麦水貂养殖业的分析对迅速发展的中国水貂养殖业有借鉴意义。