Characterization of residues in soybeans grown in soil treated with 1,3-dichloropropene soil fumigant

The metabolism of cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) was studied in soybean plants grown in soil treated 24 days prior to planting with [U-¹⁴C]E- and Z-1,3-dichloropropene at 380 liters ha^?1. Isolation and identification of the ¹⁴C residue from soybean plants at 84 days (forage) and 176 days (mature) after application showed that no 1,3-dichloropropene or its putative metabolites, 3-chloroallyl alcohol and 3-chloroacrylic acid, could be detected in any of the tissues. The components of the ¹⁴C residue included major plant constituents (i.e. fatty acids, protein, pigments, organic acids, sucrose and other carbohydrates, and lignin).     

Genetic analysis of eutypa strains from california supports the presence of two pathogenic species

ABSTRACT Eutypa dieback is a perennial canker disease that adversely affects grape (Vitis vinifera) production throughout the world. The causal agent has been known as either Eutypa armeniacae or E. lata, and it has been unclear whether the two taxa are separate species. We analyzed 115 isolates of Eutypa and conspecific strains, including 106 from California, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and sequence analysis of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence. Strains from cultivated plant species exhibited an average genetic distance of 0.34, as calculated by the DICE coefficient (NTSYS-pc software). An unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages dendrogram revealed a genetically distinct (distance of 0.73) group of Eutypa strains from valley oak (Quercus lobata) and madrone (Arbutus menziesii) and a strain from grape. Analysis of rDNA ITS sequences strongly supported the genetically distinct cluster detected in the AFLP data. Combined data indicated the presence of two species of Eutypa (E. armeniacae and E. lata) in our sample population. However, both Eutypa species were capable of infecting native and cultivated hosts, suggesting the potential for native tree species to serve as inoculum sources for grape infection in California. Further investigations of E. armeniacae and E. lata would contribute to the development of a successful disease management strategy.     

Congenital internal hydrocephalus in a quarter horse foal

Since the normal absorption of CSF occurs in the cerebral veins and venous sinuses, any obstruction to the normal flow and absorption of CSF will result in accumulation of CSF central to the site of obstruction. Such accumulation within the cranium is defined as hydrocephalus.A foal was presented with an enlarged and an abnormally-shaped skull, but with normal behavior. The filly's condition deteriorated. Radiographs showed a domeshaped cranial vault with compression of the frontal sinus region. Massive hydrocephalus with little normal cerebral tissue left was diagnosed with ultrasound.Surgery was attempted to relieve the pressure. Eventually the foal was euthanized. Post-mortem confirmed the radiographic and ultrasound diagnosis. Since there was a lack of demonstrable obstruction, the authors suspected the foal had suffered from the Arnold-Chiari syndrome.     

Nonneurogenic urinary incontinence in a canine female pseudohermaphrodite

Nonneurogenic incontinence was observed in a 1-year-old Pekingese X Poodle with female pseudohermaphroditism. The dog had male external genitalia as well as a well-developed vagina, uterus, and ovaries. Urinary incontinence was caused by an anomalous communication of the prostatic urethra with the vagina. Ovariohysterectomy and surgical correction of the urethrovaginal fistula was followed by remission of urinary incontinence. Subsequently, the dog developed estrogen responsive urinary incontinence. Nonneurogenic incontinence to be a common finding in canine pseudohermaphroditism associated with abnormalities of the vagina or urethra (or both). Surgical correction should be considered to correct anomalous communications between the genital and lower urinary tracts.