国审棉花品种邯棉3008的选育及其主要栽培技术

概述了邯棉3008的选育过程、特征特性和主要栽培技术要点.     

长江流域发展机采棉的现状与展望

分析了目前国际国内形势复杂变化的情况下,发展长江流域机采棉产业的现状和必要性,明确了长江流域发展机采棉的优势,分析了机采棉推广面临的问题与挑战,探讨了长江流域机采棉发展的战略。对以下几个方面提出合理化建议：长江流域机采棉发展区域化优化布局;充分利用本区域冬闲田发展小麦、油菜作物;在长江流域两湖（洞庭湖、鄱阳湖）两江（长江、汉江）近700000 hm2滩涂旱地宜棉区扩大种植棉油（麦）双直播双机采;形成以棉增油、棉油双稳的格局。     

基于HSV空间的玉米果穗性状的检测

为高效检测玉米果穗性状,建立了基于HSV(色调、饱和度、明度值)空间的玉米果穗性状的检测方法:使用机器视觉技术采集绿色背景玉米果穗图像,用HSV直方图阈值算法去除绿色背景,用FFT滤波器去除尖锐边缘和噪声,运用粒子滤波分离单一图像中的多个玉米果穗图像,并采用形态学腐蚀方法,经过4次迭代腐蚀,得到玉米果穗中间3行;检测玉米果穗的大小、形状、纹理和颜色4个特征的性状。随机检测67张玉米果穗样本图像的结果表明,果穗大小和形状特征检测的准确率为100%,果穗颜色和纹理特征检测的准确率分别为98.55%和96.25%,平均每果穗检测时间为0.1 s。     

Testing cosmogonic models with gravitational lensing

Gravitational lensing provides a strict test of cosmogonic models because it is directly sensitive to mass inhomogeneities. Detailed numerical propagation of light rays through a universe that has a distribution of inhomogeneities derived from the standard CDM (cold dark matter) scenario, with the aid of massive, fully nonlinear computer simulations, was used to test the model. It predicts that more widely split quasar images should have been seen than were actually found. These and other inconsistencies rule out the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE)-normalized CDM model with density parameter Omega = 1 and the Hubble constant (H(o)) = 50 kilometers second(-1) megaparsec(-1); but variants of this model might be constructed, which could pass the stringent tests provided by strong gravitational lensing.     

油用向日葵杂交种龙葵杂7号的选育及配套栽培技术

油用向日葵杂交种龙葵杂7号是以胞质雄性不育系97115为母本,同型恢复系ALBE为父本杂交育成,2010年3月通过黑龙江省农作物品种登记委员会登记推广。其生育日数104 d左右,需活动积温2 165℃,株高215.0 cm,茎粗2.7 cm,叶片数41片,花盘直径20.6 cm,籽实含油率42.83%。在黑龙江省生产试验中,籽实和油平均产量为3 345.0和1 432.6 kg.hm-2,分别比对照(龙葵杂3号)增产14.8%和25.0%。适于黑龙江省第二、三积温带种植,也适宜同积温的其它省、区种植。同时提出了龙葵杂7号的优质、高产栽培技术。     

Myristic Acid (MA) Promotes Adipogenic Gene Expression and the Differentiation of Porcine Intramuscular Adipocyte Precursor Cells

Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is considered to be a key factor that affects the marbling, tenderness, juiciness and flavor of pork. To investigate the effects of myristic acid (MA) on the differentiation of porcine intramuscular adipocytes, cells were isolated from longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) and treated with 0, 10, 50 or 100 μmol L-1 MA. The results showed that MA significantly promotes the differentiation of intramuscular adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. MA also led to a parallel increase in the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and adipose-related genes, such as glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4/aP2), fatty acid translocase (FAT), acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACCα), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and fatty acid synthase (FASN). However, no significant effects of MA were observed on the expression of CAAT enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBPα) or hormone sensitive lipase (HSL). The expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) was increased by MA during the early stages of differentiation (day 1-3). In addition, MA also increased the absolute content of C14 (P<0.001) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) (P<0.05) to varying degrees, but no effects were observed on other fatty acids. These results suggest that MA might be able to enhance the IMF content of pork and increase the accumulation of myristic and myristoleic acid in muscle, which might have beneficial implications for human health.     

氰戊菊酯、马拉硫磷及其混剂汰选选育棉铃虫抗药性研究

用氰戊菊酯、马拉硫磷及菊马混剂分别汰选棉铃（Heliothis armigera）种群16代,每三代测定1次各种群对相应汰选药剂的敏感水平。结果表明,以上三个汰选种群对相应药剂的抗药性分别增长了68.02、7.76和3.48倍,氰戊菊酯单剂比菊马混剂抗性增长快19.6倍,混剂显示出对棉铃虫抗性显著的延缓作用。用计算机模拟预测混剂使用寿命,若3种药剂均连续使用30次则氰戊菊酯、马拉硫磷、菊马混剂的抗药性将分别提高817.5、14.2和5.2倍;若以抗性上升30倍及每年用药2-3次为标准,菊马混剂比单用氰戊菊酯可延长5倍的使用寿命。笔者认为把增效混剂作为一项措施组装到抗性治理方案（IRM）中去,科学合理地治理棉铃虫的抗药性是一个行之有效的措施。     

轻便型风能增氧机的设计和应用

自然界存在着巨大的风能,它大大超过水的能量,也大于液体和固体燃料能量的总和。国际气象组织(WMO)提出风的储量为3×10~(11)kW,其中可利用的为2×10~(10)kW。这说明风能储量之丰富,而人们目前对它的利用还远远不够。将风能应用到水产养殖业上,更是微乎其微。目前在鱼、虾养殖业中流行的各种增氧机的能源几乎全都采用电能,然而我国电能供应紧张,地面的风能储量却极为丰富,约为16亿kW,其中可利用的约有1.6亿kW,仅次于美国和苏联,居世界第三位,尤其东南沿海及岛     

不同林龄马尾松人工林林下植物多样性研究

为了探明马尾松人工林林下植物多样性,在广西田林县乐里林场境内选择4、6、14年生马尾松人工林设置样地,研究了林下植物多样性的变化规律.结果表明:①3种林龄马尾松林林下灌木层种类显示4年生(47)＞6年生(38) ＞14年生(30);而草本层种类则显示6年生(32)＞4年生(30) ＞14年生(23)的规律.②林下灌木层的丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener指数分别为30～47、2.4989～3.1513,随着林龄的增加而递减,而Simpon指数、Jsw指数和Jsi指数则依次为0.8901～0.9387、0.7230～0.8135和0.9096～0.9521,变化规律为4年生＞14年生＞6年生.③林下草本层的丰富度指数为6年生＞4年生＞14年生;而Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpon指数、Jsw指数和Jsi指数的变化规律为6年生＞14年生＞4年生.     

留置套针经胸壁穿刺肺活检临床应用价值

探讨经胸壁肺活检对诊断肺部疾病的价值。在模拟机定位指引下留置套针经胸壁刺入病灶中心，然后再用细针进行反复抽吸肺组织。结果：３４例肺部病灶均获得得活检组织，病理检查结果１７例为肺癌，５例结核，１例结节病，１１例肺炎症。结论：留置套针经胸壁穿刺定位准确，可直接取得病理组织，阳性率高，并发症低，安全性高。