Immune responses in piglets infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection compromises the host's innate and adaptive immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune responses of piglets infected with highly pathogenic (HP) PRRSV (HuN4 strain) with or without the immunization with CH-1R attenuated PRRSV vaccine. The response was evaluated for the clinical signs, pathological changes and virus load in immune organs, antibody responses and levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10. The result showed that in comparison with the piglets received the immunization, the piglets infected with HP-PRRSV alone had the thymus atrophy, decreased serum levels of IL-4 and increased serum levels of IL-10 and INF-γ. These results suggest that elevated IL-10 levels at the early stage of the infection may enhance virus survival and delay the induction of protective immunity, while increased levels of IL-4 induce the effective immune responses and increase the animals' health status.     

草莓快速繁殖技术的研究

本文探讨了利用茎尖离体培养法进行草莓快速繁殖的方法。主要摸索了激素对试管苗的分化、生根的影响及移栽成活的技术要点。     

叶片出口角对离心泵性能曲线形状的影响

采用FLUENT,在多重参考坐标系下,利用有限体积法对雷诺时均Navier-Stokes方程进行数值离散,选用标准k-ε湍流模型和SIMPLEC方法求解,对4台不同比转速离心泵在不同叶片出口角下的内部流场进行了叶轮和蜗壳的多工况耦合数值模拟,研究了叶片出口角对离心泵扬程曲线和效率曲线的影响并进行了实验验证.研究给出了性能曲线随叶片出口角变化的规律并指出叶片出口角的改变对高比转速泵的扬程和效率曲线形状影响最为明显.研究结果对离心泵的选型和性能改进具有一定的指导意义.     

河北省山区土壤养分与玉米产量的相关性研究

在时间和空间上对河北省山区的土壤养分及玉米的产量进行了定量分析和相关性研究.2007年3月在河北省37个山区县进行土壤和玉米采样,并在室内化验,运用统计分析、地统计分析、克立格插值法、时序分析法方法对数据进行统计分析,得出河北省山区土壤中全钾含量大大提高,其次有机质含量也有较大程度提高.目前,土壤中全钾含量地区间差异较大,冀西北土石山区和太行山土石山区土壤养分提高幅度较大,坝上高原草原区基础最好;玉米籽养分含量空间差异不大,冀西北玉米籽养分含量略优于其它区域;河北省山区玉米产量整体大大提高,其中太行山土石山区玉米产量提高最快;土壤中全磷和速效钾的含量是影响玉米的产量主要因素,应加强钾肥中有效钾肥的使用.     

Cytoplasmic diversity of the cotton genus as revealed by chloroplast microsatellite markers

The diversity of chloroplast genomes has played an important role, as have those of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, in the evolution of plants. The sequences of the chloroplast genome supply unsubstituted information for genome analysis. In order to understand the genetic differentiation and relationship of cotton species, we investigated the cytoplasmic diversity of chloroplast genomes in 41 Gossypium accessions with 75 chloroplast simple sequence repeat (cpSSR) markers. The markers were developed from reference sequences of the chloroplast genomes of G. hirsutum and G. barbadense and covered approximately 12.6 kb. Among the 75 markers, 50 were polymorphic, with polymorphism information content values ranging from 0.11 to 0.88. Analyses of the dataset demonstrated that single copy regions were much more informative than inverted repeat regions. The non-coding sequences were well differentiated among these species. For some common cpDNA haplotypes, the E-genome species that may be the oldest of the extant cotton species was deduced. The differentiation of A-genome species lagged behind that of AD-genome species. Neither G. herbaceum nor G. arboreum was the cytoplasmic donor of tetraploid species, strongly suggesting that AD genomes originated from an extinct ancestor of modern A-genome species. We speculate that the genetic differentiation of the chloroplast genome of each cotton species resulted from the dispersal of that species and its adaptations to local ecological conditions. These cpSSR markers provided valuable information to reveal the diversity and differentiation of cotton during evolution.     

果园土壤水分数字化的研究

为实现果园土壤水分信息的长期可靠获取,使用超低功耗控制器MSP430F1222和微功耗无线射频收发芯片nRF905构成监测系统的无线传感器节点.同时,引入无线传感器网络的概念来适应果园面积广阔的特殊性和传感器配置灵活的要求.接收终端配备铁电非易失性RAM、液晶屏和按键,方便存储、查阅数据和参数设定.经过人工配土测试和果园现场运行,结果表明监测系统湿度的精度误差小于3%,且结构简单、功耗低、运行可靠,满足果园土壤水分监测的要求.     

新疆塔里木盆地蒸发力的研究

本文首先对国内外蒸发力的计算方法进行了较全面的评述，然后利用Ｐｅｎｍａｎ法的修正式计算了塔里木。盆地的蒸发力，最后分析了该地区蒸发力的分布特征。     

Identification and validation of a yield-enhancing QTL cluster in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Improvement of rice grain yield (YD) is an important goal in rice breeding. YD is determined by its related traits such as spikelet fertility (SF), 1,000-grain weight (TGW), and the number of spikelets per panicle (SPP). We previously mapped quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for SPP and TGW using the recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the crosses between Minghui 63 and Teqing. In this study, four QTLs for SF and four QTLs for YD were detected in the RILs. Comparison of the locations of QTLs for these three yield-related traits identified one QTL cluster in the interval between RM3400 and RM3646 on chromosome 3. The QTL cluster contained three QTLs, SPP3a, SF3 and TGW3a, but no YD QTL was located there. To validate the QTL cluster, a BC₄F₂ population was obtained, in which SPP3a, SF3 and TGW3a were simultaneously mapped to the same region. SPP3a, SF3 and TGW3a explained 36.3, 29.5 and 59.0 % of phenotype variance with additive effect of 16.4 spikelets, 6 % SF and 1.8 g grain weight, respectively. In the BC₄F₂ population, though the region has opposite effects on TGW and SPP/SF, a YD QTL YD3 identified in this cluster region can increase 4.6 g grains per plant, which suggests this QTL cluster is a yield-enhancing QTL cluster and can be targeted to improve rice yield by marker aided selection.     

乳铁蛋白在动物防御系统中的作用

<正>乳铁蛋白(LF)最初在牛乳中发现,后来发现这种蛋白质也广泛地存在于猪、鼠、人及其它哺乳动物的唾液、泪液、支气管粘液、胆汁、胰液等外分泌液以及嗜中性粒细胞次级颗粒和血浆中。正常生理条件下LF在血浆中含量很低,而富含于各种外分泌液和嗜中性粒细胞的次级颗粒中。