50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉对芒果炭疽病的防治效果

在芒果花芽期后喷施4次,第3次喷药后15 d,50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉1000倍、1500倍的效果较好,防治效果分别为71.9%、59.0%,显著优于50%咪鲜胺可湿粉1000倍(46.4%);第4次喷药后15 d,50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉1000倍的防治效果为64.2%,显著优于50%咪鲜胺可湿粉1000倍(52.9%)。表明50%咪鲜胺锰盐可湿粉是一种可防治芒果炭疽病的安全而有效的药剂。     

The application of atomic force microscope in clinic diagnosis of erythrocytes

AIM: To investigate the application of atomic force microscope (AFM) in clinic diagnosis. METHODS: Topographic images and some parameters of large range field and microstructures of erythrocytes in the blood of normal subjects, lung cancer and myelodisplastic syndrome (MDS) patients were examined by atomic force microscope. RESULTS: Many clear topographic images of many erythrocytes, single erythrocyte, and microstructure of erythrocyte membrane surface were obtained. Many erythrocytes in lung cancer patients were found to change into echinocytes. One erythrocyte had 10-20 protuberances, most of which, with a mean width of 589. 0 nm and a length of 646. 7 nm, were on the edge of cells. The protuberances on the center of echinocytes are lodged and embedded. The erythrocytes of MDS patients were biconcave in shape. Many apertures with different diameters of tens to hundreds nanometer appeared on the surface of cell membrane. CONCLUSIONS: AFM can be widely applied in clinic pathological inspection, including quantification of cells, obtainment and comparison of many parameters (such as diameter, thickness, volume, surface, surface area/volume ratio), observation of topograph of single cell, and observation and comparison of membrane surface microstructure of cells, and so on.     

慢性盐度胁迫下金钱鱼卵巢转录组分析

为了阐明盐度胁迫对金钱鱼(Scatophagus argus)代谢和生殖的影响,采用RNA-seq技术对低盐组(5)、对照组(25)和高盐组(35)处理40 d后的2龄性成熟金钱鱼卵巢进行转录组分析。结果发现,金钱鱼卵巢转录组测序获得raw reads共398681318,clean reads共396910398。从低盐胁迫相对对照组(5 vs 25)和高盐胁迫相对对照组(35 vs 25)中分别筛选到373个和874个差异表达基因(DEGs)。与对照组相比,低盐胁迫后氨基酸代谢相关基因(sds、bhmt)和脂肪酸代谢相关基因(pnpla2)显著下调;高盐胁迫后pgr、cyp17a1和ers1等生殖相关基因显著下调。KEGG通路富集分析发现,低盐胁迫组相对对照组显著富集与代谢相关的通路为半胱氨酸和甲硫氨酸代谢,缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成代谢,脂肪酸生物合成,脂肪酸代谢,皮质醇的合成和分泌,醛固酮的合成和分泌,脂肪细胞脂解的调节等;高盐胁迫组相对对照组中显著富集的与生殖相关的通路为雌激素信号传导通路。这些结果表明,氨基酸和脂肪酸的代谢调控可能在金钱鱼卵巢的低渗透压调节中起重要作用...     

阳澄湖中华绒螯蟹品质分析

本文对江苏省阳澄湖产中华绒螯蟹的商业品质,按商业品级和雌、雄,测定了其各部分含量和各项营养成分。该湖所产河蟹符合江南水乡青背、白肚、金瓜、黄毛的大闸蟹形态特征,肌肉、肚脏及性腺三大可食部分共占体重的３６．７２％,壳、鳃、胃及心脏四大非可食部分共占体重的５３．２６％。另有１０．０２％为血淋巴和组织液。一、二级商品蟹的雌蟹可食部分各高出雄蟹５．２８％和６．５５％,营养成分中,雌蟹的脂肪显著高雄蟹。在实     

菜地土壤中氮肥的反硝化损失和N2O排放

A field experiment was conducted on Chinese cabbage （Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis （Lour.） Olsson） in a Nanjing suburb in 2003. The experiment included 4 treatments in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates： zero chemical fertilizer N （CK）; urea at rates of 300 kg N ha^-1 （U300） and 600 kg N ha^-1 （U600）, both as basal and two topdressings; and polymer-coated urea at a rate of 180 kg N ha^-1 （PCU180） as a basal application. The acetylene inhibition technique was used to measure denitrification （N2 ＋ N2O） from intact soil cores and N2O emissions in the absence of acetylene. Results showed that compared to （3K total denitrification losses were significantly greater （P ≤ 0.05） in the PCU180, U300, and U600 treatments,while N2O emissions in the U300 and U600 treatments were significantly higher （P ≤ 0.05） than （3K. In the U300 and U600 treatments peaks of denitrification and N2O emission were usually observed after N application. In the polymer-coated urea treatment （PCU180） during the period 20 to 40 days after transplanting, higher denitrification rates and N2O fluxes occurred. Compared with urea, polymer-coated urea did not show any effect on reducing denitrification losses and N2O emissions in terms of percentage of applied N. As temperature gradually decreased from transplanting to harvest, denitrification rates and N2O emissions tended to decrease. A significant （P ≤0.01） positive correlation occurred between denitrification （r = 0.872） or N2O emission （r = 0.781） flux densities and soil temperature in the CK treatment with a stable nitrate content during the whole growing season.     

盗伐林木案司法鉴定中林业调查技术运用探讨

在盗伐林木案的鉴定中常常涉及盗伐林木蓄积量的鉴定,即根据盗伐林木现场的伐根状况以及周边完好林木的林业调查数据,分析测算盗伐林木蓄积量所运用的林业调查技术探讨,为林业司法提出客观的专业鉴定意见。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒和猪圆环病毒2型混合感染研究进展

1病原简介 猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome，PRRS）是由猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）引起的，以母猪的繁殖障碍、哺乳仔猪的高死亡率及呼吸症状为特征的一种传染病。PRRSV是有囊膜的单股正链RNA病毒，属于动脉炎病毒科动脉炎病毒属。该病1987年在美国首先发生，随后在世界各主要养猪国家流行。按其遗传差异和抗原性差异，可分为欧洲型（A群）与美洲型（B群）。该病毒的基因组全长约为15kb，含有8个开放阅读框架（ORFs），其中ORF1a和ORF1b编码病毒非结构蛋白，ORF2-ORF7编码病毒的结构蛋白。我国1996年由郭宝清等首次报道该病，研究证明其为美洲型。PRRS在我国大部分地区均有流行，造成巨大的经济损失。     

用于黄瓜白粉病抗性鉴定的InDel标记

根据黄瓜白粉病抗性主效基因/QTL的插入/缺失突变,将其设计成共显性的In Del分子标记。通过群体连锁分析,发现In Del-MLO1标记与黄瓜白粉病抗性主效基因共分离。应用该标记对24份来自世界各地且白粉病抗性已知的黄瓜材料进行抗性验证,21份材料的抗性表型与标记的带型一致,说明在黄瓜进化和驯化过程中,造成抗病表型的该插入/缺失突变发生普遍。因此,该In Del标记适合于大多数黄瓜材料的白粉病抗性鉴定和分子标记辅助育种,从而加快黄瓜白粉病抗病育种的进程。     

中国贝类染色体研究现状与进展

对我国已报道的81种贝类染色体研究进行了综述,并结合贝类分子系统进化研究成果,探讨了我国贝类染色体数目与染色体组成的进化趋势。     

尿素施用对稻田土壤甲烷产生、氧化及排放的影响

通过田间和培养试验研究了不施尿素(N0kg/hm2)和施用尿素(N300kg/hm2)对水稻生长期稻田土壤CH4产生潜力、氧化潜力和排放通量的影响。结果表明,水稻全生育期内,施用尿素降低土壤CH4产生潜力,并推迟其达到最大值的时间;尿素作为基肥和穗肥施用抑制土壤CH4氧化,而作为分蘖肥施用短暂地促进然后抑制土壤CH4氧化;施用尿素降低稻田CH4排放量。施用尿素通过同时影响CH4产生潜力和氧化潜力来影响稻田CH4排放。