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排序方式: 共有106条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
31.
Sasaoka F Suzuki J Watanabe Y Fujihara M Harasawa R 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(11):1517-1520
We examined secondary structures of the ribonuclease P RNA sequences obtained from DNA databases, and identified a determinative prototype of the P12 helix peculiar to each species of hemoplasmas. This key structure will provide a rapid means for species identification of these uncultivable pathogens without making a phylogenetic tree based on alignments of nucleotide sequences. This procedure based on palindromic nucleotide substitutions at the stem portion of the P12 helix provide clear information such as the level of heterogeneity within a species, the relatedness between species, or facilitating the characterization and clustering of specific strains. In conclusion, the PNS analysis is based on the evaluation of only the strategic and highly conserved genomic region in the specificity domain of RNase P RNA. 相似文献
32.
Yamasaki M Kitagawa T Chujo H Koyanagi N Nishida E Nakaya M Yoshimi K Maeda H Nou S Iwata T Ogita K Tachibana H Yamada K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(11):3644-3648
Previous studies have shown the physiological significance of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in various experimental animals and in human beings. One of the important problems to better elucidate is the difference between triglyceride (TG) and free (FFA) dietary CLA. Here, using splenocytes, this study assesses how TG- and FFA-CLA modulate immunoglobulin and various cytokine productions. In this study, C57BL/6N mice were fed an experimental diet containing 0% CLA, 0.1 or 1% FFA-CLA, or 0.1 or 1% TG-CLA for 3 weeks. The production of immunoglobulin tended to be up-regulated by 1% FFA-CLA. As a result of protein array analysis using the supernatant from splenocytes cultured with no CLA, 1% FFA-CLA, and TG-CLA, some cytokine production was shown to be remarkably regulated by dietary FFA- and TG-CLA. A total of 32 cytokines were examined, and 11-14 produced cytokines that were 2-fold up-regulated as compared with control for FFA- or TG-CLA, respectively. Especially, the production of IL-9 and MCP-5 and other cytokines was remarkably up-regulated by both FFA- and TG-CLA. In addition, seven cytokines were 2-fold down-regulated by TG-CLA. These data show that there is a slight but significant difference between the functionalities of FFA- and TG-CLA. 相似文献
33.
34.
Kazuo Azuma Toshitsugu Ishihara Hiroyuki Nakamoto Takao Amaha Tomohiro Osaki Takeshi Tsuka Tomohiro Imagawa Saburo Minami Osamu Takashima Shinsuke Ifuku Minoru Morimoto Hiroyuki Saimoto Hitoshi Kawamoto Yoshiharu Okamoto 《Marine drugs》2012,10(10):2337-2348
We evaluated the anti-tumor activities of the oral administration of fucoidan extracted from Cladosiphon okamuranus using a tumor (colon 26)-bearing mouse model. The materials used included low-molecular-weight fucoidan (LMWF: 6.5–40 kDa), intermediate-molecular-weight fucoidan (IMWF: 110–138 kDa) and high-molecular-weight fucoidan (HMWF: 300–330 kDa). The IMWF group showed significantly suppressed tumor growth. The LMWF and HMWF groups showed significantly increased survival times compared with that observed in the control group (mice fed a fucoidan-free diet). The median survival times in the control, LMWF, IMWF and HMWF groups were 23, 46, 40 and 43 days, respectively. It was also found that oral administration of fucoidan increased the population of natural killer cells in the spleen. Furthermore, from the results of the experiment using Myd-88 knockout mice, it was found that these effects are related to gut immunity. These results suggest that fucoidan is a candidate anti-tumor functional food. 相似文献
35.
Reactions involved in blue-green discoloration in a mixture of onion (Allium cepa L.) and garlic (Allium sativum L.) were investigated. Vivid-blue color was successfully reproduced by using a defined model reaction system comprising only trans-(+)-S-(1-propenyl)-L-cysteine sulfoxide (1-PeCSO) from onion, S-allyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (2-PeCSO) from garlic, purified alliinase (EC 4.4.1.4), and glycine (or some other amino acids). Four reaction steps identified and factors affecting the blue color formation were in good agreement with those suggested by earlier investigators. When crude onion alliinase was used in place of garlic alliinase, less pigment was formed. This result was explained by a difference in the amount of thiosulfinates, colorless intermediates termed color developers, yielded from 1-PeCSO by these enzymes. 相似文献
36.
Shinsuke Koike Hideto Morimoto Yusuke Goto Chinatsu Kozakai Koji Yamazaki 《Journal of Forest Research》2008,13(4):215-222
Five members of the order Carnivora in the cool-temperate deciduous forests of Japan consume the fruits of trees, and they
are potential dispersers of the seeds of fleshy-fruited plants. We studied the frugivory of the Asiatic black bear, Japanese
marten, badger, red fox, and raccoon dog in cool-temperate deciduous forest of central Japan. From May 2003 to April 2005,
a total of 377 fecal samples of the five carnivores (bears, 91; martens, 158; badgers, 45; foxes, 36; and raccoon dogs, 47)
were sampled to determine the presence and frequency of occurrence of seeds. Seeds from 17 plant species, representing about
50% of the fleshy-fruited plants occurring in the study forest, were recovered from the carnivore fecal samples. Large numbers
(9–10,256) of seeds were present in those feces. Almost all the seeds of fleshy fruits retrieved from the fecal samples were
undamaged whereas no intact acorns or nuts were recovered. These findings suggest that all five carnivores can act as seed
dispersers for some fleshy-fruited plants in cool-temperate deciduous forest.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
37.
Paddy and Water Environment - Groundwater is a valuable water resource, and it is used for domestic, industrial or agricultural use around the world. Especially, water use in paddy fields is very... 相似文献
38.
Ikuko Ito Toshikazu Yoneda Yoshihiko Omura Tomohiro Osaki Shinsuke Ifuku Hiroyuki Saimoto Kazuo Azuma Tomohiro Imagawa Takeshi Tsuka Yusuke Murahata Norihiko Ito Yoshiharu Okamoto Saburo Minami 《Marine drugs》2015,13(12):7463-7475
Urocanic acid is a major ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing chromophore. Chitins are highly crystalline structures that are found predominantly in crustacean shells. Alpha-chitin consists of microfibers that contain nanofibrils embedded in a protein matrix. Acid hydrolysis is a common method used to prepare chitin nanofibrils (NFs). We typically obtain NFs by hydrolyzing chitin with acetic acid. However, in the present study, we used urocanic acid to prepare urocanic acid chitin NFs (UNFs) and examined its protective effect against UVB radiation. Hos: HR-1 mice coated with UNFs were UVB irradiated (302 nm, 150 mJ/cm2), and these mice showed markedly lower UVB radiation-induced cutaneous erythema than the control. Additionally, sunburn cells were rarely detected in the epidermis of UNFs-coated mice after UVB irradiation. Although the difference was not as significant as UNFs, the number of sunburn cells in mice treated with acetic acid chitin nanofibrils (ANFs) tended to be lower than in control mice. These results demonstrate that ANFs have a protective effect against UVB and suggest that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of NFs influence the protective effect of ANFs against UVB radiation. The combination of NFs with other substances that possess UV-protective effects, such as urocanic acid, may provide an enhanced protective effect against UVB radiation. 相似文献
39.
Minoru Kadota Shinsuke Torisawa Tsutomu Takagi Kazuyoshi Komeyama 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(6):993-998
We explore how a stochastic model provides the most promising avenue towards predicting fish movement. To construct a stochastic
model describing fish movement, trajectories of ten juveniles in a water tank were analyzed from a stochastic point of view.
The heading angle was defined as a random variable. Our analysis found that the most probable forward heading angle was between
0° and 22.5° (probability ~78%), followed by angles between 22.5° and 45° (probability ~10%). We also found that the choice
of future heading angle depends on the current heading angle. Therefore, we treated heading angle state as a first-order Markov
process and constructed a correlated random walk model describing juvenile movement in a water tank. Our stochastic model
simulated a trajectory similar to observed trajectories. We used the model as a tool for estimating the probability distribution
of potential fish path outcomes. We derived the distribution of potential outcomes from a large number of simulations (N = 1000) and investigated these trajectories. We collected a set of juvenile trajectories that collided with the tank and
estimated the probability of juvenile collisions with the tank. 相似文献
40.
Nguyen Phuc Cam Tu Nguyen Ngoc Ha Tetsuro Agusa Tokutaka Ikemoto Bui Cach Tuyen Shinsuke Tanabe Ichiro Takeuchi 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(6):1033-1043
This study measured concentrations of 21 trace elements in whole soft tissue of the blood cockle Anadara spp., which is a common food for local people, collected along the coast of Vietnam. Results showed that concentrations of
As, Sr, Mo, Sn, and Pb in cockles collected from Khanh Hoa Province in the Central Coastal Zone (CCZ) had higher values than
those from the other regions, while cockles collected from the Mekong River Delta (MRD) showed the highest concentrations
of Hg. Regional differences in trace element concentrations of the cockle may be due to differences in human activities, i.e.,
shipyards in the CCZ and agriculture in the MRD. Trace element concentrations measured in the soft tissues of blood cockles
investigated here were within safe levels for human consumption following criteria by the European Commission (EC) and the
United States Food and Drug Agency, but several specimens had Cd levels exceeding the EC guidelines of 1 μg/g wet weight.
The estimated target hazard quotients for trace elements via consuming bivalves were <1, indicating that the cumulative noncarcinogenic
risk was completely insignificant. However, the estimated target cancer risk values by assumed inorganic As concentrations
seem to implicate consumption of these cockles as posing potential human health concerns. 相似文献