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991.
Hazem Ramadan Sushim K. Gupta Poonam Sharma Marwa Ahmed Lari M. Hiott John B. Barrett Tiffanie A. Woodley Jonathan G. Frye Charlene R. Jackson 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(3):324-329
The emergence of NDM‐producing Escherichia coli has considerably threatened human and animal health worldwide. This study describes for the first time in Egypt, the draft genome sequences of emerging NDM‐5‐producing E. coli from humans and dogs, and investigates genetic relatedness between isolates from both sources. Two E. coli from human urine and seven from environmental clinical samples of dogs exhibited resistance to carbapenems and harbouring blaNDM were subjected to Illumina Miseq whole‐genome sequencing (WGS). Assembly and analysis of the reads were performed to identify resistance genes, multilocus sequence types (MLST), plasmid replicon types (Inc) and insertion sequences (IS) of the blaNDM region; core genome MLST (cgMLST) analysis was also performed. Two different NDM alleles were identified; blaNDM‐5 in E. coli HR119 from the urine of a healthy person and environmental samples of dogs, and blaNDM‐1 in E. coli HR135 from a human patient's urine. Multiple mobilizable resistance genes to different antimicrobial classes were identified except the colistin resistance gene, mcr. E. coli isolates from humans and dogs were assigned to different sequence types (STs). Using cgMLST, dog isolates clustered together with only 1–2 allellic differences; however, human E. coli showed 1,978 different allelles compared with dog isolates. Plasmidfinder results indicated the presence of an IncX3 replicon in blaNDM‐5‐producing E. coli; however, blaNDM‐1 was linked to IncCoIKP3. Notably, the NDM region (3 Kb) in all isolates from humans and dogs was highly similar with variable flanking sequences that represented different IS elements. This study reports the first emergence of NDM‐5‐producing E. coli from dogs in Egypt that shared some genetic features with human isolates and could be considered potential public health threats. 相似文献
992.
Jae Yoon Park Andrew Bugbee Ajay Sharma Scott Secrest 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2020,61(3):255-260
Feline pancreatitis is a challenge to diagnose and no previously published study has described the CT characteristics of the pancreatic duct (PD) in cats. The current prospective analytical study was performed to identify and describe the CT characteristics of the PD in normal cats and to compare that to those cats with an elevated feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (fPLI). Contrast‐enhanced CT was performed in 16 normal cats and 13 cats with an elevated fPLI. Two ACVR‐certified radiologists blinded to the fPLI status assessed whether or not the PD could be identified, contrast phase during which the PD was most conspicuous, and PD shape in the body, right and left lobes. A second‐year radiology resident blinded to the fPLI status measured maximum PD diameter and PD:parenchyma. The PD was identified in 84 of 87 pancreatic segments, which was most conspicuous in the portal phase in 28 of 29 cats. The PD shape was tubular (48/84), tapered (34/84), or beaded (2/84) with no significant difference (P = 1.0 to .1615) between groups. Mean maximal PD diameters of normal cats were 1.5‐1.7 mm, which was significantly larger in the body of the pancreas in cats with an elevated fPLI (2.4 mm, P = .0313). Mean PD:parenchyma was not significantly different between groups (P = .2001 to .949). In conclusion, the feline PD can be consistently identified on CT, for which the portal phase is preferred. Cats with an elevated fPLI are more likely to exhibit dilation of the PD in the body of the pancreas on CT. 相似文献
993.
The study of genetic variability is a prerequisite for any tree improvement program. Screening of clones showing the effect of dominance in growth and tree form is essential to identify productive clones, matched to sites. Our study performed in a clonal seed orchard at Lacchiwala of India, represented by 31 clones of Dalbergia sissoo (Shisham) Roxb. from diverse locations revealed significant variability at the 0.1% level of significance in various morphological traits. At the age of 13 years, clone 196 (Gonda) revealed maximum height of 20.2 m and a girth at breast height of 74.2 cm. The five identified clones viz. 196, 198, 192, 123 and 235 were well adapted to the climatic conditions of this zone, hence survived well and showed good performance compared to other clones. Heritability estimates of 87%, 83% and 80% for height, crown width and crown length respectively coupled with high genetic gains indicated strong genetic control of these variables. A correlation matrix of various growth attributes revealed positive correlation among these attributes. On the basis of the entire set of growth variables, the clones were grouped into two major clusters with three subgroups. 相似文献
994.
Khemarath Osathaphan Patarawan Tiyanont Ria A. Yngard Virender K. Sharma 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,219(1-4):527-534
Cyanide is found as free cyanide and metal?Ccyanide complexes in metal finishing rinse wastewaters. Experiments were performed to seek removal of cyanide in Ni(II)?Ccyanide and Ni(II)?Ccyanide?Cethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) solutions by the environmentally friendly oxidant, ferrate(VI) (FeO 4 2? , Fe(VI)) as a function of pH (8.0?C11.0). Incomplete removal of cyanide in Ni(II)?Ccyanide solutions (??60%) was observed at the studied pH range. However, cyanide removal efficiency approached to 100% in Ni(II)?Ccyanide?CEDTA solutions. Formation of Ni(II)?Ccyanide and Ni(II)?CEDTA complexes and relative rates of the reactions of Fe(VI) with various species (water, cyanide, Ni(II)?Ccyanide, and EDTA) present in solutions were responsible for the variation in removal efficiencies in mixtures at various pH. The oxidation of cyanide by Fe(VI) produced cyanate. Tests using electroplating rinse wastewaters demonstrated that Fe(VI) was highly effective in removing cyanide. 相似文献
995.
996.
Rajkumar U Sharma RP Padhi MK Rajaravindra KS Reddy BL Niranjan M Bhattacharya TK Haunshi S Chatterjee RN 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(6):1129-1136
The juvenile growth and carcass traits were evaluated in a 4 × 4 full diallel crossing involving four colored broiler chicken
lines viz., Naked neck (NN), Dwarf, Punjab Broiler-1 (PB-1), and Punjab Broiler-2 to study the performance and crossbreeding
parameters. The data on 2,280 chicks were analyzed using least squares techniques to assess the effect of genetic group, and
the significant traits were further analyzed for crossbreeding parameters. Genetic group had significant influence on the
body weights and carcass traits. The cross of PB-1 × NN recorded significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher body weight at 6 weeks of age. The data revealed that general combining ability (GCA), specific combining
ability (SCA), maternal ability (MA), sex-linked effect (SE), and purebred effects significantly influenced the growth and
carcass traits in the broiler crosses. The crossbred PB-1 × NN showed positive heterosis for growth as well as carcass traits.
The results suggest that GCA, SCA, SE, and MA are important in the inheritance of the body weights and carcass traits indicating
the presence of both additive and nonadditive genetic variation along with reciprocal effects. Therefore, pure line selection
along with development of specialized sire and dam lines followed by crossing will improve the growth performance and benefit
the poultry farmers. It is concluded that PB-1 as a male line and NN as a female line performed significantly higher, therefore,
may be used for improving the performance of colored broilers. 相似文献
997.
Kumar S Paul S Sharma AK Kumar R Tewari SS Chaudhuri P Ray DD Rawat AK Ghosh S 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,181(2-4):274-281
The resistance status of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus to "Diazinon" was evaluated in 20 locations situated at various agro-climatic regions of India. Adult immersion test (AIT) was optimized using laboratory reared acaricide susceptible IVRI-I strain of R. (B.) microplus and minimum effective concentration of Diazinon was determined as 635.2 ppm. The discriminating dose (DD) was worked out as 1270.4 ppm and was tested on female ticks collected from organized and unorganized farms located at different agro-climatic regions of India. On the basis of the data generated on three variables viz., mortality, egg masses and reproductive index, the resistance level was categorized as I, II, III and IV. The average resistance factor (RF) of 6.1 (level II) was recorded in the ticks collected from the northern sub-temperate trans-gangetic plains while high average RF values of 26.65 (level III) was recorded in the ticks collected from tropical middle-gangetic plains. The tropical middle gangetic plain has a very high density of animal populations where farmers use Diazinon for tick control, for agricultural practices and for mosquito control. Due to the continuous use of OP compounds the environmental load of Diazinon has become high in the area. This is the first experimental data generated on Diazinon resistant status in ticks of India. 相似文献
998.
Phelps CJ Koike C Vaught TD Boone J Wells KD Chen SH Ball S Specht SM Polejaeva IA Monahan JA Jobst PM Sharma SB Lamborn AE Garst AS Moore M Demetris AJ Rudert WA Bottino R Bertera S Trucco M Starzl TE Dai Y Ayares DL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5605):411-414
The enzyme alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase (alpha1,3GT or GGTA1) synthesizes alpha1,3-galactose (alpha1,3Gal) epitopes (Galalpha1,3Galbeta1,4GlcNAc-R), which are the major xenoantigens causing hyperacute rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. Complete removal of alpha1,3Gal from pig organs is the critical step toward the success of xenotransplantation. We reported earlier the targeted disruption of one allele of the alpha1,3GT gene in cloned pigs. A selection procedure based on a bacterial toxin was used to select for cells in which the second allele of the gene was knocked out. Sequencing analysis demonstrated that knockout of the second allele of the alpha1,3GT gene was caused by a T-to-G single point mutation at the second base of exon 9, which resulted in inactivation of the alpha1,3GT protein. Four healthy alpha1,3GT double-knockout female piglets were produced by three consecutive rounds of cloning. The piglets carrying a point mutation in the alpha1,3GT gene hold significant value, as they would allow production of alpha1,3Gal-deficient pigs free of antibiotic-resistance genes and thus have the potential to make a safer product for human use. 相似文献
999.
An endogenous polysomal cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase specifically phosphorylates a 150,000-dalton peptide bound to an adrenocortical polyadenylated messenger ribonucleoprotein complex. There is a possibility that this protein is a physiological substrate of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and that the phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of this substrate may be important in the translation control of adrenal polyadenylated messenger RNA. 相似文献
1000.
Wheat breeders in South Asia are attempting to develop wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars resistant to Helminthosporium leaf blight (HLB), which occurs mainly as a complex of spot blotch caused by Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kuribayashi) Drechs. ex Dastur, and tan spot caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. Information on the combining ability for HLB resistance in wheat cultivars of South Asia is not available. This study was undertaken to examine the resistance to HLB in nine genetically diverse wheat parents, and to evaluate their general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects toward determining the genetic basis of disease resistance. Nine parents were crossed in a half-diallel mating design to produce 36 populations. The F1 and F2 progenies, and the parents were evaluated in replicated field tests at Rampur, Nepal. Multiple disease scores were recorded, and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated to measure disease severity over time. The combining ability analysis was performed using Griffing's Method 2, Model 1. The parents chosen showed wide variation for resistance to HLB. They and the F1 and F2 progenies differed significantly for AUDPC. GCA and SCA effects were significant in both generations suggesting that additive as well as non-additive genetic mechanisms were involved in the expression of resistance in these parents. Wheat genotypes 'SW89-5422', 'G 162', 'NL 781'and 'Chirya 7' had significantly negative GCA effects for AUDPC in both F1 and F2 generations, suggesting their prime suitability for use in wheat breeding programs to improve resistance to HLB. The estimate of narrow-sense heritability was 0.77 in both generations suggesting that selection for HLB resistance should be effective in these crosses. The results indicate a predominance of additive gene action in the inheritance of HLB resistance in spring wheat. 相似文献