小尾寒羊多胎性能候选基因的研究进展

小尾寒羊具有常年发情、性成熟早和多胎性能的高繁殖力特性,平均每胎产羔2.6只,是我国优良的地方绵羊品种,也是我国独特的遗传资源。目前在BooroolaMerino羊、Inverdale羊和Hanna羊中已找到影响多胎性能的主基因,但国内对小尾寒羊多胎性能遗传机制的研究主要集中在常规的选育和分子标记方面,也有一些以候选基因法从分子水平上对小尾寒羊多胎机制进行研究,仍没有确立控制小尾寒羊高繁特性的主效基因,本文就其研究现状进行综述,为小尾寒羊主效基因的研究提供有益的参考。     

Wild ostrich (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Struthio camelus australis</Emphasis>) reproduction in Orbata,a nature reserve in Tunisia

The aim of the current investigation was to determine wild ostrich reproductive behaviour in Orbata Nature Reserve by observing 16 hens and 28 cocks over a seven-year period. Intense laying commenced in January, one month after the cessation of the rainy season, and 92% of the eggs were produced during the dry season (January to May, peaking in March). Over the seven years, 1,322 eggs were laid in 69 nests, which corresponded to an annual average production of 19.2 ± 9.1 eggs/nest and 11.8 eggs/hen. 24 nests (34.78%) were non-brooded, 17 nests (24.64%) were deserted in the course of incubation, and 28 nests (40.58%) possessed hatched eggs. All the non-incubated nests had egg losses equivalent to 46.6 ± 12.6%. Hatchability success of incubated eggs was 41.9 ± 12.0%. Ostriches tended to dig their nests adjacent to the reserve enclosure which had direct access by road and track, the latter subjecting them to human disturbance and predation. The systematic obstruction of these nests stimulated ostriches to build additional nests within the reserve perimeter. The authors discussed the results recorded in an ostrich flock in relation to the environmental factors (climatic factors, food disponibility and predation) and suggested possibilities for improved wildlife management.     

Seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, southern China

Chlamydia spp. are obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria that cause a wide range of significant diseases in humans and animals worldwide, resulting in significant economic losses. Chlamydial infection in cattle has been reported in many countries including China. However, there has been no survey of chlamydial infection of dairy cattle in Guangzhou, southern China. The objective of the present investigation was to examine the chlamydial seroprevalence in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China by using an indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). The overall seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle was 7.25% (29/400). Greater than or equal to eight-yr-old dairy cattle had the highest seroprevalence (10.34%), followed by those that were ≥ 6 years old or < 7 years old dairy cattle (10.20%), although there were no statistically significant differences among different groups (P > 0.05). Dairy cattle with 5 pregnancies had the highest seroprevalence (10.81%). These results indicate that chlamydial infection was present in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China, and integrated strategies and measures should be executed to control and prevent chlamydial infection and disease outbreak in the study region.     

湖南省动物疫情测报站的作用与管理

湖南省根据地理区域和养殖业结构情况,合理布局建立了18个省级动物疫情测报站,通过对测报站辖区内及定点养殖场户的生产、免疫、疫病等情况进行持续跟踪调查和监测采样,评估动物群体免疫状态及疫情发生风险。管理上通过优化网络布局,提高诊断监测能力,通过强化培训和责任管理,提升动物疫情测报水平,确保了动物疫情测报质量。动物疫情测报站在发现新发重大动物疫病,评价强制免疫病种免疫效果,提供疫情预警预报基础数据以及指导养殖业生产等方面发挥了重要作用。今后需持续增加投入和监测科技含量,改善设施设备,稳定技术队伍,这是提高动物疫情测报监测的根本保障。     

正安县山羊主要疫病血清抗体检测报告

为了解正安县山羊主要疫病的发展趋势,通过虎红平板凝集试验、正向间接血凝试验、酶联免疫吸附试验等方法对正安县引进山羊进行布鲁氏杆菌病、O型口蹄疫、AsiaI型口蹄疫、山羊传染性胸膜肺炎、山羊痘等主要疫病血清抗体的检测。结果表明,O型口蹄疫、AsiaI型口蹄疫和山羊痘免疫抗体阳性率分别为79．42％、81．18％和99．58％,未免疫的布鲁氏杆菌病、羊传染性胸膜肺炎的丝状支原体山羊亚种和绵羊肺炎支原体未免疫抗体阳性率分别为0％、0％和3．81％。监测结果为山羊健康的引进、培育和扩繁提供了一些基础数据,对指导养羊生产有一定的意义。     

从近日豆粕价格小幅走高看后市行情

由于世界范围内大豆供应充足,而国内养殖业陷入低谷,导致下游豆粕需求始终未见明显提升,2006年以来的国内豆粕市场持续振荡走低,市场纷纷看空。进入8月份后,豆粕现货价格表现出了明显的抗跌特征,整体振荡,涨跌幅度均不大。尽管日前美国农业部8月份的供需报告中将全球大豆库存由     

糖蜜酒精废液处理过程中生成的微生物蛋白的最佳水解条件研究

通过实验选择复合蛋白酶水解糖蜜酒精废液处理过程中生成的微生物蛋白,并通过正交试验分析得到最佳水解条件为水解酶加入量5.5g/150mL,水解温度65℃,pH值5和水解时间5h。     

肉仔鸡饲喂枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)效果的研究

研究了两种不同枯草芽孢杆菌对660只艾维茵肉仔鸡的生产性能和对仔鸡肠道微生物菌群的影响。试验将仔鸡随机分为4组:不饲喂药物添加剂的对照组、添加乳酸—粪链球菌的正对照组及添加不同枯草芽孢杆菌的两个试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ。 结果表明,添加枯草芽孢杆菌可使三周龄仔鸡体重略高于对照组,但差异不显著。添加枯草芽孢杆菌A16的试验组Ⅱ的饲料转化效率比对照组显著提高(P<0.05);试验组Ⅰ与对照组相比,可显著地增加肠道中有益菌(乳酸杆菌)的数量(P<0.05),减少有害菌(沙门氏菌)的数量(P<0.01),但对大肠杆菌数量的影响不显著。     

白三叶草营养动态的研究

影响白三叶草营养成分的因素有品种，不同收割时期，不同部位─—茎和叶，不同海拔高度等。本文就影响白三叶草营养价值的各种因素进行了探讨。     

丝素/明胶共混膜的结构与溶解性能的初探

将丝素溶液与明胶溶液按不同共混比在不同条件下进行混合,制备成丝素/明胶共混膜。用环境扫描电镜、红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热分析系统分别测定共混膜的结构与热性能,采用烘干质量法测定共混膜的溶胀率和溶解率。结果表明:丝素与明胶的共混性好,共混膜结构改变,热稳定性好;烘干时间对共混膜的溶胀率和溶解率影响不显著,不同浓度乙醇处理对溶胀率有极显著影响,不同共混比则对溶胀率和溶解率都有极显著影响。