腐植酸复混肥对新疆膜下滴灌加工番茄产量和品质的影响

以番茄为试材,采用膜下滴灌方式,对比不同腐植酸复混肥的施用量和配比对番茄的产量与品质指标及经济效益的影响,以确定适合新疆地区加工番茄施腐植酸肥施用的适宜用量和方法。结果表明:增施腐植酸复混肥均能提高加工番茄的单株结铃数、单果质量和产量;腐植酸复混肥对加工番茄的可溶性固形物、番茄红素、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、总酸、总糖和维生素C含量及pH影响显著。硫酸钾和氯化钾在番茄品质上的作用有差异,硫酸钾主要增加了番茄红素、硝酸盐、总酸含量,氯化钾主要增加了pH、可溶性固形物、总糖、维生素C含量,其中硫酸钾适宜配在基肥中,氯化钾适宜配在追肥中。综合性价比,适宜推荐加工番茄腐植酸复混肥基肥配方为N-P-K配比9-17-12,腐植酸为17.5kg,微量元素为0.5kg,有机质为12.5kg,膨润土为7.5kg。复混肥追肥配方N为115g·L~(-1),K为50g·L~(-1),腐植酸为161g·L~(-1),微量元素为0.3 g·L~(-1),每7 d追肥一次,追肥2 100L·hm~(-2),增产幅度达到10.73%。     

Comparison of a competitive inhibition ELISA and the card agglutination test for detection of antibodies to Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale in cattle

OBJECTIVE: To compare a recently developed recombinant MSP-5 competitive inhibition ELISA with a card agglutination test for detection of antibodies to Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale in Australian cattle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The ELISA was compared with the card agglutination test using 208 sera from cattle in Anaplasma-free herds, 86 sera from cattle experimentally infected with A marginale or A centrale and 757 sera from cattle in areas endemic for A marginale. RESULTS: The specificity of the ELISA, based on testing 208 sera from cattle in Anaplasma-free areas, was 99.5%, and the sensitivities for detection of antibodies to A marginale and A centrale in sera from the experimentally infected cattle were 98.0% and 100%, respectively. For the same sets of sera, the specificity of the card agglutination test was 98.6% and the sensitivities for detection of antibodies to A marginale and A centrale were 98.0% and 100%, respectively. For the 757 sera collected from cattle in areas endemic for A marginale, the agreement between the ELISA and the card agglutination test depended on the positive threshold selected for the ELISA. The maximum achievable agreement was 91.5% (kappa = 0.73; 95% confidence interval 0.66, 0.79). CONCLUSION: We conclude that the competitive inhibition ELISA is a useful alternative to the card agglutination test for detection of A marginale or A centrale infection in cattle. The assay should be particularly useful for epidemiological applications such as prevalence studies and control programs.     

养殖和野生亚东鲑机体成分比较分析

亚东鲑(Salmo trutta fario)是鲑属鱼类在青藏高原仅有的鱼类种群,是亚东地区全国农产品地理标志产品。本研究对西藏亚东地区野生和养殖亚东鲑的常规营养成分及各组织氨基酸和脂肪酸组成进行分析,旨在比较野生和养殖亚东鲑营养成分的异同,为养殖亚东鲑的品质评价和饲料配方的完善提供参考信息。实验采集亚东河中野生亚东鲑和亚东渔业产业园中使用配合饲料养殖的亚东鲑各10尾用于相关成分分析,每尾为一个独立样本。结果显示,野生组肥满度显著低于养殖组,而全鱼水分和灰分显著高于养殖组。全鱼粗蛋白、粗脂肪以及肝脏常规成分在野生组和养殖组间无显著差异。野生组肌肉粗脂肪显著低于养殖组,而水分含量显著高于养殖组。野生组全鱼必需氨基酸总量显著高于养殖组,且野生组肌肉中苏氨酸、缬氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸和甘氨酸含量显著高于养殖组。野生组全鱼、肌肉和肝脏中饱和脂肪酸、n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)总量、EPA、C20:4n-6以及肌肉中DHA含量高于养殖组,而全鱼和组织中单不饱和脂肪酸和n-6 PUFA总量低于养殖组。综上所述,目前养殖亚东鲑和野生亚东鲑在机体成分上存在较大差异。由于养殖鱼类体成分很大程度上反映了饲料组成,因此,亚东鲑养殖中饲料营养组成可能有待进一步优化。     

OsPPR9 encodes a DYW-type PPR protein that affects editing efficiency of multiple RNA editing sites and is essential for chloroplast development

Photosynthesis occurs mainly in chloroplasts, whose development is regulated by proteins encoded by nuclear genes.Among them, pentapeptide repeat(PPR) proteins participate in organelle RNA editing. Although there are more than 450members of the PPR protein family in rice, only a few affect RNA editing in rice chloroplasts. Gene editing technology has created new rice germplasm and mutants, which could be used for rice breeding and gene function study. This study evaluated the functions of OsPPR9...     

巴旦杏砧木组织培养及植株再生

以新疆南疆咯什、和田地区的巴旦杏砧木品种桃巴旦、石头巴旦树上当年结的种子为试材,先用赤霉素打破休眠,消毒后接种子诱导生长及分化的培养基上。生长约一个月后,将由试管中种子培养长成的小植株剪切成长约1cm的单芽茎段,接入增殖培养基,20d后将增殖伸长的嫩茎用于生根,再将生根后的巴旦杏苗移栽到珍珠岩基质中培养,进行有效的移栽驯化管理,获得了较理想的移栽成活率。成功地进行了离体组织培养及植株再生。     

设施老汉瓜采后干制技术研究

以设施老汉瓜为试材,采用不同成熟度、前处理、预处理温度后进行干制,测定含水率、失重率、色差等指标变化。相同的干燥温度、时间条件下,6个成熟度、2种不同的前处理、5种预处理温度的设施老汉瓜的失重率、最终含水率、总色差值在干制期内变化不同。结果表明,不同成熟度的设施老汉瓜,干制期的预处理温度、前处理和烘制温度差距,影响老汉瓜在干制过程中水分的散失。采用不同处理方式至完全干燥,可溶性固形物含量11%的设施老汉瓜,瓜干失重率、含水率、瓜干总色差值ΔE变化略慢,较好地保持瓜干的品质,适宜于老汉瓜的加工。     

克拉玛依果树腐烂病病原菌鉴定及其拮抗菌的筛选

【目的】提高克拉玛依果树腐烂病生物防治的效率,为相关果树高效生物防治提供科学依据和物质基础。【方法】从克拉玛依林杨的苹果树和李子树腐烂病发病植株及周边采集病灶和土壤样品,分析病原菌及其拮抗菌的筛选及微生物分子鉴定及拮抗效果。【结果】苹果树和李子树腐烂病病原菌均黑腐皮壳菌属（Valsa）,其中李子树病原菌涉及该属的两个种：Valsa mali 和Valsa leucostoma ,而苹果树病原菌仅为Valsa mali。同时获得各类真菌拮抗菌15株,涉及4个属9个种,筛选到具有高效拮抗细菌2株,其最大抑菌圈菌落比分别达到2-11和2-79。【结论】菌株芽孢杆菌B4和B6对果树腐烂病具有较好的抑菌效果,研究报道了李子树腐烂病病原菌,为相关果树的高效生物防治提供了科学依据和物质基础。     

林业病虫害防治工作中的问题及对策

林业有害生物防治是国家减灾工程的重要组成部分,通过对乌拉特前旗林业有害生物防治工作存在问题的分析,提出了解决这类问题切实可行的对策措施。     

提高造林“两率”问题的探讨

内蒙古乌拉特前旗属干旱、半干旱地区,地形、地貌复杂,土壤类型多样,造林立地条件较差。恶劣的自然条件,严重制约着造林成活率和保存率的提高。文章对当前制约该区造林成活率、保存率的因素进行调查分析,提出提高"两率"的具体措施,可为同类地区提供造林技术参考。     

论沙化土地的治理

乌拉特前旗属干旱、半干旱地区,地貌类型复杂多样,造林立地条件较差。恶劣的自然条件,使大量土地日趋沙化,直接影响着这些地区的造林成活率和保存率的提高。文章对当前制约造林的沙化土地因素进行调查分析,提出治理的具体措施,可为同类地区提供造林技术参考。