Micropropagation of red sanders (Pterocarpus santalinus L.) using mature nodal explants

In vitro clonal multiplication of Pterocarpus santalinus L. was achieved using mature nodal explants of a 10-year-old elite quality tree. Combinations of serial transfer technique and incorporation of antioxidants (250 mg/l L-ascorbic acid and 50 mg/l citric acid) into the culture medium helped to minimize medium browning and improve explant survival during shoot sprouting. About 70% of explants were sprouted on Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium containing 4.4 μM 6-benzyladenine (BA). The explant harvest period also influenced the bud break and shoot sprouting in nodal explants. The combination of 4.4 μM BA and 2.2 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) was found to be the most suitable growth regulator for obtaining the highest percentage of nodal segment sprouting (74%–75%), the number of secondary shoots per primary shoot (two or three), the shoot length (5–6 cm), the number of new nodal segments generated per active explant (four or five), and the multiplication coefficient (3.5) within 6 weeks. Repeated subculturing of nodal explants obtained from shoot cultures enabled continuous production of healthy axillary shoots. At the end of the sixth passage, about 90% of nodal explants produced five or six healthy green shoots, each being about 6.6 cm long with six or seven nodes. Multiplication coefficient was also increased from the first subculture (5.4) to the sixth subculture (8.3). The best rooting response was achieved on solidified half-strength MS medium supplemented with 4.9 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). About 70% of the micropropagated plantlets were established successfully in 20-cm pots containing a mixture of soil and farmyard manure (4 : 1 ratio) and formed new leaflets.     

龙口市黄水河湿地保护与恢复的必要性及对策探讨

介绍山东省龙口市黄水河湿地地理位置、水源、生物多样性、景观文化资源等概况。分析认为,黄水河湿地当前存在的主要问题是客水补给逐年减少,工农业生产对地下水源过量开采造成水位下降,水质面临着农村面源污染和生活废弃物污染的威胁,对黄水河流域地表水和地下水超采,造成地下水资源补给不足。藉此提出黄水河沿岸截污、回灌补源、河道底泥疏浚、河道曝氧等工程以及环水库水土保持林带建设和水禽栖息地建设工程等生态保护与恢复对策。     

Association analysis between two SNPs in SNCA and PARK16 genes and Parkinson disease in a Han Chinese population in Liaoning area

AIM: To investigate the genotypic frequency of rs3857059 in SNCA gene and rs16856139 in PARK16 gene for determining the potential genetic risk factors of Parkinson disease (PD) in a Han Chinese population in Liaoning area of China. METHODS: The genomic DNA from 213 PD patients and 214 matched controls was amplified in the multiplex PCR system and subsequently genotyped by digestion with endonuclease Pvu II. Genetic parameter and association studies were carried out with SPSS 13.0 and PLINK 1.07 software. RESULTS: We accurately detected all genotypes in the 2 loci with PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) techniques. The gene frequency of G allele in the rs3857059 locus was higher in PD group than that in control group with statistical significance (χ²= 7.592,P<0.01, OR=0.677, 95% CI=0.517~0.888). The T allele frequency in the rs16856139 locus was lower in PD group than that in control group and statistical result revealed a significant difference (χ²=11.511, P<0.01, OR=0.390, 95% CI=0.227~0.669). CONCLUSION: The 2 SNPs investigated in SNCA and PARK16 genes are likely to play roles as common risk factors for PD disease in the Han Chinese population.     

地被植物在湖南省森林植物园主干道景观中的应用

通过对地被植物在湖南省森林植物园主干道景观改造中的栽培模式及改造后的景观效果的探讨,表明在主干道景观改造中运用多种具有特色的地被植物,可有效提升植物园主干道两旁的景观多样性和植物多样性。同时指出了地被植物在主干道景观中应用所存在的问题,并提出了推广种植湖南本土地被植物、适当增加观果植物、重视景观建设的艺术性等建议。     

湖南假俭草茎段快繁的最佳基质选择

湖南假俭草Eremochloa ophiuroides目前为野生状态,但野生的湖南假俭草性状特征优良,是一种应用潜力很大的草坪草草种,为了使其在湖南大田生产中得以推广应用,本试验以湖南省假俭草的茎段为材料,以撒播茎段的方法进行茎段快速繁殖.以红壤土,50％红壤土+50％有机质,粗沙,50％粗沙+50％有机质四种基质对湖南假俭草茎段快繁进行研究.结果表明,以50％红壤土+50％有机质进行撤播的假俭草的生根时间最短,生长状况最优,成坪速度最快,为最佳基质.     

膨化棉籽粕对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究不同比例膨化棉籽粕替代豆粕对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响.选取40周龄海兰褐蛋鸡360羽,随机分成5组,每组4个重复,每个重复18羽.对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验1组用6％普通未膨化棉籽粕替代豆粕,试验2、3、4组分别用6％、8％、10％的膨化棉籽粕替代豆粕,试验期8周.结果表明:1)饲粮中不同比例膨化棉籽粕对蛋鸡生产性能影响不显著(P＞0.05),而试验1组产蛋率和平均蛋重显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),料蛋比显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).2)与对照组相比,各试验组蛋黄颜色均显著加深(P＜0.05),而试验1、4组蛋白高度显著降低(P＜0.05).饲粮添加棉籽粕对蛋壳强度和蛋壳厚度无显著影响(P＞0.05).3)试验1组总蛋白、钾含量均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),谷丙转氨酶活性显著高于对照组和试验2组(P＜0.05),尿酸含量显著高于试验2组(P＜0.05);试验4组血清总钙含量显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).随着膨化棉籽粕添加量的增加,血清总蛋白、总钙和钾含量均逐步降低,谷丙转氨酶活性则逐步升高,呈现一定的剂量-效应关系.饲粮添加棉籽粕对血清白蛋白含量无显著影响(P＞0.05).由此可见,蛋鸡饲粮中添加8％膨化棉籽粕对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标无明显影响.棉籽粕膨化处理能有效降低游离棉酚对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质等的影响,提高蛋鸡对棉籽粕的利用能力.     

饲粮代谢能水平对樱桃谷种鸭产蛋性能的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮代谢能水平对樱桃谷种鸭产蛋性能的影响。选取29周龄樱桃谷种鸭4 980只,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复332只(公鸭57只,母鸭275只)。5组试验鸭分别饲喂代谢能水平为11.08、11.29、11.50、11.71和11.92 MJ/kg的试验饲粮。试验期为19周(29～47周龄)。结果表明:种鸭的产蛋率、只产蛋数和只产合格蛋数组间差异不显著(P>0.05),但均以代谢能水平为11.29 MJ/kg的组最高。饲粮代谢能水平对种鸭合格蛋率和畸形蛋率的影响差异显著(P<0.05),随着饲粮代谢能水平的升高,合格蛋率线性降低(P<0.05),畸形蛋率线性上升(P<0.05)。各组间破蛋率和双黄蛋率均差异不显著(P>0.05),但以代谢能水平为11.08 MJ/kg的组破蛋率最低,代谢能水平为11.29 MJ/kg的组双黄蛋率最低。随着饲粮代谢能水平的升高,种蛋受精率呈二次曲线降低(P<0.05),而种鸭死淘率呈线性上升(P<0.05)。由此得出,饲粮代谢能水平在11.08～11.29 MJ/kg范围内时,樱桃谷种鸭可获得较佳的产蛋性能。