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排序方式: 共有195条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
71.
连续五年生物垃圾堆肥施用后地中海蔬菜种植系统中土壤有机碳的变化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Biowaste compost can influence soil organic matter accumulation directly or indirectly. A 5-year experiment was conducted to assess the influence of biowaste compost on the process of soil aggregation and soil organic carbon(SOC) accumulation in a Mediterranean vegetable cropping system. The study involved four treatments: biowaste compost(COM), mineral NPK fertilizers(MIN), biowaste compost with half-dose N fertilizer(COMN), and unfertilized control(CK). The SOC stocks were increased in COM, COMN, and MIN by 20.2, 14.9, and 2.4 Mg ha~(-1)over CK, respectively. The SOC concentration was significantly related to mean weight diameter of aggregates(MWD)(P 0.05, R~2= 0.798 4) when CK was excluded from regression analysis. Compared to CK, COM and COMN increased the SOC amount in macroaggregates( 250 μm) by 2.7 and 0.6 g kg~(-1)soil, respectively, while MIN showed a loss of 0.4g kg~(-1)soil. The SOC amount in free microaggregates(53–250 μm) increased by 0.9, 1.6, and 1.0 g kg~(-1)soil for COM, COMN, and MIN, respectively, while those in the free silt plus clay aggregates( 53 μm) did not vary significantly. However, when separating SOC in particle-size fractions, we found that more stable organic carbon associated with mineral fraction 53 μm(MOM-C) increased significantly by 3.4, 2.2, and 0.7 g kg~(-1)soil for COM, COMN, and MIN, respectively, over CK, while SOC amount in fine particulate organic matter(POM) fraction(53–250 μm) increased only by 0.3 g kg~(-1)soil for both COM and COMN, with no difference in coarse POM 250 μm. Therefore, we consider that biowaste compost could be effective in improving soil structure and long-term C sequestration as more stable MOM-C. 相似文献
72.
Salvatore Luciano Cosentino Mariadaniela MantineoGiorgio Testa 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):329-342
In the framework of the E.U. project Fair CT 96-1913 “Environmental studies on sweet and fibre sorghum, sustainable crops for biomass and energy”, a research has been carried out with the aim to study the water and nitrogen balance and determine the critical N dilution curve of sweet sorghum cv. Keller. A field experiment was performed, where three irrigation treatments (I0 = dry control, I50 = 50% ETm restoration, I100 = 100% ETm restoration) and four nitrogen fertilization levels (N0 = no nitrogen control, N60 = 60 kg ha−1, N120 = 120 kg ha−1; N180 = 180 kg ha−1) were studied. The final yield was significantly affected by the amount of water distributed but not by the nitrogen level. The treatments watered up to crop establishment (I0) produced, in the average, 7.5 t ha−1 of dry matter, against 21.1 and 27.1 t ha−1 of I50 and I100, respectively. The crop determined a great reduction in nitrate concentration of soil water, irrespective of nitrogen supplied. The variation between N output and input (Δ) was negative in N0, N60 and N120 and positive in N180. The critical value of nitrogen uptake change in relation to the water availability. The amount of nitrogen supplied did not determine significant differences upon WUE. The crop seems to have a great potentiality in Mediterranean environment in terms of yield production. 相似文献
73.
Jennifer Maratea Darla R Ewalt Salvatore Frasca J Lawrence Dunn Sylvain De Guise Lech Szkudlarek David J St Aubin Richard A French 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2003,34(3):256-261
After recent isolations of Brucella sp. from pinnipeds and cetaceans, a survey was initiated to investigate the prevalence of Brucella sp. infections and serologic evidence of exposure in marine mammals stranded along the coasts of Connecticut and Rhode Island. One hundred and nineteen serum samples from four species of cetaceans and four species of pinnipeds were collected from 1985 to 2000 and tested for antibodies to Brucella sp. using the brucellosis card test, buffered acidified plate antigen test, and rivanol test. In addition, 20 of these were necropsied between 1998 and 2000, with lymphoid and visceral tissues cultured for Brucella sp. Three of 21 (14%) harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and four of 53 (8%) harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) were seropositive. Brucella sp. was isolated from two of four (50%) harbor seals and three of nine (33%) harp seals. Of the five animals with positive cultures, two were seropositive and three seronegative. Brucella sp. was most frequently cultured from the lung and axillary, inguinal, and prescapular lymph nodes. Tissues from which Brucella sp. was isolated showed no gross or histopathologic changes. These results indicate that marine mammals stranded along the coast of southern New England can be exposed to and infected with Brucella sp. 相似文献
74.
Bessa MC Michael GB Canu N Canal CW Cardoso M Rabsch W Rubino S 《Research in veterinary science》2007,83(3):302-310
This study aimed to investigate the relatedness of porcine Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (S.) serovar Typhimurium strains isolated in Southern Brazil. Sixty-six isolates from pigs belonging to three commercial companies were submitted to phage typing, XbaI-macrorestriction (PFGE), IS200 hybridization, rep-PCR, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and PCR assay targeting the spvR region. All strains presented a unique rep-PCR pattern and 63 strains had a common IS200 profile. One pulse-type (XA) was the most prevalent (39/66 strains) and included strains of phage types DT177, DT192, DT194 and RDNC. The spvR region was detected in three strains, which harboured plasmids of 90 kb. High rates of tetracycline, sulfonamide and streptomycin resistance were found. Isolates from farms located in different geographic regions but associated to the same commercial companies clustered together and presented a common resistance profile. Results suggested that clonal groups of S. Typhimurium are present in pig commercial companies in Southern Brazil. 相似文献
75.
Fiorito Serena Epifano Francesco Palumbo Lucia Genovese Salvatore 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2021,76(3):397-398
Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - The aim of this study was to establish a convenient process to get auraptene-enriched blends from Citrus limon L. Osbeck (Rutaceae) peels powder with functional... 相似文献
76.
Cao Yu Reitz Stuart R. Germinara Giacinto Salvatore Wang Chun Wang Lijuan Yang Siyu Gao Yulin Zhang Wenqing Li Can 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(2):761-770
Journal of Pest Science - Thrips hawaiiensis is a common thrips pest that damages the flowers of various plants. The differing population sizes of T. hawaiiensis among host plants suggest its... 相似文献
77.
78.
Seu R Phillips RJ Alberti G Biccari D Bonaventura F Bortone M Calabrese D Campbell BA Cartacci M Carter LM Catallo C Croce A Croci R Cutigni M Di Placido A Dinardo S Federico C Flamini E Fois F Frigeri A Fuga O Giacomoni E Gim Y Guelfi M Holt JW Kofman W Leuschen CJ Marinangeli L Marras P Masdea A Mattei S Mecozzi R Milkovich SM Morlupi A Mouginot J Orosei R Papa C Paternò T Persi del Marmo P Pettinelli E Pica G Picardi G Plaut JJ Provenziani M Putzig NE Russo F Safaeinili A Salzillo G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5845):1715-1718
Mars' polar regions are covered with ice-rich layered deposits that potentially contain a record of climate variations. The sounding radar SHARAD on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter mapped detailed subsurface stratigraphy in the Promethei Lingula region of the south polar plateau, Planum Australe. Radar reflections interpreted as layers are correlated across adjacent orbits and are continuous for up to 150 kilometers along spacecraft orbital tracks. The reflectors are often separated into discrete reflector sequences, and strong echoes are seen as deep as 1 kilometer. In some cases, the sequences are dipping with respect to each other, suggesting an interdepositional period of erosion. In Australe Sulci, layers are exhumed, indicating recent erosion. 相似文献
79.
Riccardo Aversano Maria Raffaella Ercolano Luigi Frusciante Luigi Monti James M. Bradeen Gennaro Cristinzio Astolfo Zoina Nicola Greco Salvatore Vitale Domenico Carputo 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(8):1797-1806
Worldwide, a variety of pathogens negatively affect potato production, resulting in an estimated 22% annual yield reduction.
Wild Solanum species represent a unique gene pool where all the traits necessary to improve the cultivated potato can be found.
Therefore, breeding efforts for improved disease resistance and research aimed at characterizing wild germplasm have been
extensively made. In this paper, sources of resistance to Phytophthora
infestans, Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Fusarium solani and Globodera spp. have been investigated in several clones of two Solanum species originating from Central Mexico (S. bulbocastanum and S. cardiophyllum). Interestingly, we found sources of combined resistance to late blight and bacterial soft rot. This is an important finding
considering that the development of resistant potato varieties has been hindered by the scarcity of resistant germplasm. In
addition, we explored molecular differences within and between the two species generating AFLP fingerprints. By means of six
primer pair combinations, we found 13 and 16 putative species-specific AFLP markers for S. bulbocastanum and S. cardiophyllum, respectively, and a bounty of markers useful for mapping, MAS, and cloning purposes. The phenotypic and molecular information
associated to S. bulbocastanum and S. cardiophyllum for designing strategies of assisted selection are discussed. 相似文献
80.
Amato ME Ansanelli G Fisichella S Lamanna R Scarlata G Sobolev AP Segre A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(4):823-831
Starch enzymatic degradation caused by endogenous hydrolases is studied by in situ NMR spectroscopy on a set of hard and soft wheat flours. The results obtained by two different techniques (HR-MAS and (1)H NMR in solution) are analyzed in terms of a Michaelis-Menten kinetic phenomenological model taking into account the presence of endogenous enzymes and their eventual inactivation. The parameters resulting from the best fit of all experimental data to the kinetic model equations are submitted to a multivariate statistical analysis to assess the role of the oligosaccharides release in distinguishing between hard and soft wheats. 相似文献