四川乐山地区紫茎泽兰的入侵定殖和风险评估

本文报道了四川省乐山地区犍为县塘坝乡境内入侵新物种一紫茎泽兰的分布、发生和定殖入侵情况。结合紫茎泽兰的生物学特性和当地的地理气候特征，对紫茎泽兰入侵乐山及其近邻地区的风险进行评估。     

不同蛋白来源及含量的断奶仔猪日粮中添加植物提取物对肠道环境等的影响

本试验是研究含有香芹酚、肉桂醛和辣椒油树脂的植物提取物混合物（XT）在不同类型及不同含量的蛋白质基础日粮中对仔猪肠道的影响。试验选用20±1天断奶的仔猪240头。随机分6个处理。植物提取物的添加量为0和200mg／kg：3种基础日粮为FM18（18％CP）含有10％低温鱼粉（LT—FM）、日粮SBM18（18％CP）含有5％LT—FM和9％全脂膨化大豆、SBM（20％CP）10％LT—FM及6．3％全脂膨化大豆。结果表明：试验期记录仔猪生长性能指标．各处理组间差异不显著（P〉0．05）。在FM18及SBM18等粗蛋白质含量为18％的日粮中．XT有降低回肠有机物（P分别为0．064和0．071）和淀粉消化率（P分别为0．032和0．014）的趋势；还有降低空肠前段肠绒毛膜长度（P分别为0．003和0．013）及减少上皮淋巴细胞数量（P分别为0．051和0．100）的趋势。XT混合物还能提高回肠乳酸杆菌：肠杆菌比值（P=0．017），降低盲肠VFA产量。     

安徽省宣城市一次强寒露风过程的天气学分析

用美国NCEP/NCAR全球日平均分析场资料,对1983年10月6日安徽省宣城市一次强寒露过程进行了天气学分析,结果表明:中低层华北反气旋与西太平洋副热带反气旋在长江中下游地区构成辐合带,华北反气旋前部为冷平流区;寒露风是一次强冷空气影响过程,700hPa高度层以下同时出现降温,比湿陡降,大气由上升气流转为下沉气流。     

优质小麦示范县建设的实践与思考

泽州县系国家级商品粮基地县、国家旱作农业示范基地,2001年,被确定为山西省优质小麦示范县。泽州县小麦面积45万亩,为晋城全市麦田总面积的1/3;总产1亿kg左右,占全年粮食总产的47%,号称全市小麦总产的半壁江山。泽州县每年向国家提供和销售小麦3000万kg以上,小麦是农民经济收入主要产业,因此发展优质小麦,对粮食生产安全以及农民增收具有重要作用。     

草甘膦在茶园中的应用研究

草甘膦是一种具有内吸传导、杀草谱广、毒性低等特性的新型化学除草剂,对根除茶园常见杂草有特效。用草甘膦防除茶园杂草的最佳浓度因杂草种类不同而异,以一、二年生杂草为主的茶园用0.10％的浓度为宜,以多年生杂草为主的茶园用0.15％的浓度较好。用液量以杂草充分湿润为度。全年喷药一次或二次即可,若喷一次,宜在五月下旬进行;若秋季草害较重,则在八月下旬复喷一次。使用该方法除草,全年只需耗药费4.80元～6.40/亩,除草效果优于全年人工除草三次者,节省除草工7～9个/亩,增产5～7％,对保持茶园生态平衡,提高茶叶品质均有益。     

金丝雀痘诊断与痘病毒致弱试验

本试验对送检的金丝雀经实验室诊断，确认为金丝雀痘，对分离的痘病毒进行动物致病性试验、病毒分离传代和致试验、致弱毒保护力试验和返强试验。结果表明：金丝雀痘病毒经鸡胚盲传３后能适鸡胚并致死金丝雀，８代后无致病性，１３例毒性快速通过本动物３次无返强现象，金丝雀用第１３代毒刺种３０天能抵抗强毒攻击。     

Effect of dietary protein content on live and carcase performance of heterozygous naked neck and normally feathered broilers

1. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different dietary protein contents on the performance of naked neck (Na/na) and normally feathered (na/na) broilers.

2. Chicks from the two genotypes were reared in wire‐floored cages and divided at random into 3 groups. Birds were fed on high protein (HP, 12.99 MJ ME, 238 g crude protein/kg and 12.94 MJ ME, 216 g crude protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks, respectively), medium protein (MP, 12.99 MJ ME, 219 g crude protein/kg and 12.87 MJ ME, 201 g crude protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks), and low protein (LP, 12.94 MJ ME, 205 g crude protein/kg and 12.75 MJ ME, 184 g protein/kg from 0 to 3 and 3 to 7 weeks) diets.

3. The LP diets resulted in a significantly lower daily body weight gain of males from 0 to 3 weeks. Dietary protein content had no effect on body weight gain from 3 to 7 weeks, body weight at 7 weeks, and the food intake of birds. Carcase composition of birds from both genotypes was unaffected by dietary protein.

4. Naked neck birds had significandy higher body weights at 7 weeks. Yields of carcase and breast of Na/na males were significantly higher than those of na/na males. There were no significant differences between females from the two genotypes as regards carcase yield.

5. It was concluded that the dietary protein requirements of naked neck birds were similar to those for normally feathered birds.     

Une néphrose toxique chez des veaux traités par un médicament contenant des produits de dégradation des tétracyclines

A toxic nephrosis in calves treated with a drug containing tetracycline degradation products     

Biological features and life table parameters of the mealy plum aphidHyalopterus pruni on different apricot cultivars

Development, survival, reproduction rate, and population growth parameters of the mealy plum aphidHyalopterus pruni (Geoffroy) (Hom.: Aphididae) were evaluated on four different apricot cultivars (Tyrinte, Sakıt, Colomer, and Bebeco) under field conditions in the Van region of Turkey. Experiments were carried out on exterior leaves of trees, 1.5–2 m above the ground. Plexiglas clip-cells (25×6 mm) with the upper side covered by muslin were used in the experiments. The mealy plum aphid performed better on Tyrinte than on the other cultivars tested. The fastest development time (first instar to adult; 9.4 days), highest daily reproduction rate (2.6 offspring/aphid/day), and highest total fecundity (48.1 offspring/aphid) were obtained on Tyrinte. The intrinsic rate of increase — a good indicator of the growth potential of a population — of individuals fed on Tyrinte was significantly greater than that of individuals fed on cvs. Colomer and Bebeco. While mean generation times (T _o ) of populations on different cultivars were close to each other, the net reproductive rate was the highest (29.45 offspring/aphid/generation) on Tyrinte and the population doubling time on Tyrinte was 18.7%, 25.2% and 26.3% faster than those of individuals on other cultivars tested. The results obtained in this study indicated that Tyrinte appeared to be the most susceptible to the mealy plum aphid among the cultivars tested. http://www.phytoparasitica.org. posting Nov. 23, 2004.