楹树枝枯病病原菌的研究

文章描述了楹树枝枯病的症状,经分离培养,初步鉴定病原菌为可可球二孢菌(Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat.),并对该病的病原及其发生规律等方面进行研究,提出木蠹蛾的发生与楹树的发病有一定的关系。     

Cross-reactions between crude antigens of larval Taenia solium (Cysticercus cellulosae) and other helminths of pigs

A crude antigen extract of larval Taenia solium was shown by immunodiffusion (ID) and immunoelectrophoresis (IEP) to cross-react with rabbit antisera against pig serum proteins and larval T. hydatigena, and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with antisera against pig serum proteins, Fasciolopsis buski, larval T. hydatigena, hydatid cyst, Hymenolepis diminuta and Dipylidium caninum. Immunoblotting demonstrated that the crude antigens extract contained epitopes of pig serum proteins of 48 and 66 kDa. The crude extract also contained a subunit of antigen B (95 kDa) which was also found in T. hydatigena and H. diminuta. Immunoperoxidase and indirect immunofluorescence studies showed that cross-reacting antigens were distributed mainly on the tegument of T. solium.     

sch蚕胚胎期温敏性的mRNA差异显示研究

采用mRNA差异显示技术对不同催青处理的伴性赤蚁sch系统进行研究 ,并以普通黑蚁系统夏芳作为对照。实验中分别抽提高温和常温催青处理 36h后的sch蚕卵和夏芳蚕卵的总RNA进行DDRT -PCR分析 ,其产物于变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上电泳展示 ,得到大量的差示片段。对高温催青处理后在夏sch蚕卵中特异表达的 2条能稳定重复的带进行了克隆 ,得到了长度分别为 2 73和 199bp的cDNA片段 ,并对其进行了序列分析。Northern杂交证实HAP82 80仅在高温催青处理的夏sch蚕卵中有转录 ,表明其为sch蚕卵经高温催青处理后特异表达的产物     

低能量氦氖激光照射对荷瘤小鼠NK细胞活性的影响

研究低能量氦氖激光照射荷瘤小鼠对ＮＫ细胞活性的影响。选取ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ雄性小鼠腹腔接种Ｓ１８０,接种后进行激光照射小鼠内眼角,监测了正确对照组,肿瘤对照组和７．３３、１１．００、１４．６７、２２．００、２９．３３Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２五个激光照射线能明显提高荷瘤小鼠ＮＫ细胞活性;７．３３、２９．３３Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２照射组则长高不明显。     

重庆市优化动物疫情测报工作的做法

重庆市对动物疫病流行病学调查工作进行系统布局,分层次设置调查区域,全面覆盖动物疫病涉及的各个环节,组建了市县两级的流行病学工作队和分析评估专家委员会并明确了相应的职能职责;制定了流行病学调查相关技术规范,对工作程序进行了规范,充分利用调查结果,对结果分析评估形成专门材料后进行上传下达;在监测工作中狠抓了监测任务的完成、兽医实验室的建设与管理、能力提升和以监促防四个方面,保证了调查、监测结果的真实性和实用性,有力地促进了重大动物疫病的有效防控。     

Comparison of morphology, viability, and function between blood and milk neutrophils from peak lactating goats

The morphological features of blood and milk neutrophils from peak lactating goats were compared using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and flow cytometry in order to investigate the cytological changes of neutrophils after migration into the mammary gland. The kinetics of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) generation and gelatinase release of blood and milk neutrophils, with or without stimulation of phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate ester (PMA), were used to characterize their responses to inflammatory stimuli. Neutrophils isolated from goat milk were highly segmented and contained multi-lobed nuclei. Ultrastructurally, milk neutrophils were more ruffled on the surface compared to blood neutrophils. Approximately 30% of milk neutrophils were undergoing cell death, either necrosis or apoptosis, in contrast to 8% of blood neutrophils. The ROI production of activated milk neutrophils peaked earlier than blood neutrophils, but the duration and the intensity were much less. Neutrophils from both sources augmented the release of gelatinase in response to PMA (1 ng/mL). However, the amount of gelatinase released from milk neutrophils was lower (P < 0.05) than that of blood neutrophils. In summary, more neutrophils become apoptotic and necrotic in the mammary gland, presumably due to spontaneous aging, the process of diapedesis, and the interaction with milk components. Milk neutrophils have impaired functionalities in comparison with blood neutrophils. The information is relevant when studying mammary gland immunity and related diseases, such as mastitis.     

Preliminary evaluation of growth and conformation traits of local goats and Nubians upgraded by a black Boer line in Taiwan

The goal of this research, conducted in the most southern part of Taiwan, was to create a new genotype: the "Hengchun Black Goat" (HB). Nubian (NU) goats were first crossed with a local breed, the Taiwan native (TN), then the F1 females were crossed with the imported black Boer (BO) bucks. The upgraded genotypes were then compared with the parental breeds and Kinmen (KM), another local breed, for growth traits and body conformation. The study concerned 1,136 kids born between 2005 and 2007. The analysed traits were body weight (BW), average daily gain and three linear measurements, namely height at withers, body length and chest girth. The results indicated that environmental factors, sex, birth and rearing type, dam parity and birth year had significant effects from birth to 6 months of age. The same differences persisted to 1 year. At 6 months of age, the least square means of BW were 16.2, 19.2, 25.1, 32.0, 23.9, 23.8, 23.0 and 23.9 kg, for KM, TN, NU, 1/2BO, 3/4BO, 7/8BO, BO and HB, respectively. These first results also indicate that the growth performances of the newly created line, Hengchun Black, were equivalent to those of Boer goats.     

牛至提取物替代饲用抗生素对肉鸡屠宰性能和免疫机能的影响

为探究牛至提取物替代饲用抗生素对肉仔鸡屠宰性能和免疫机能的影响,选用384只1日龄AA肉仔鸡,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复16只鸡。空白对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素对照组饲喂基础饲粮+20 mg/kg硫酸黏菌素+20 mg/kg维吉尼亚霉素,2个试验组分别饲喂基础饲粮+200 mg/kg天然牛至提取物或200 mg/kg合成牛至提取物,试验期为42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮中添加天然或合成牛至提取物对肉鸡屠宰性能和免疫器官指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。与空白对照组相比,饲粮中添加天然或合成牛至提取物显著提高肉鸡血清中免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM、IgG、补体C3和补体C4含量(P<0.05);与饲粮中添加抗生素相比,饲料中添加合成牛至提取物显著提高血清IgM含量(P<0.05),饲料中添加天然牛至提取物显著提高血清补体C4含量(P<0.05);与空白对照组相比,饲粮中添加天然或合成牛至提取物显著提高21 d肉鸡T淋巴细胞转化率及42 d肉鸡T淋巴细胞转化率和B淋巴细胞转化率(P<0.05)。综上可知,200 mg/kg牛至提取物替代饲用抗生素可...     

气味丰容对几种蛇类行为影响实验

2010年3月～11月,在成都动物园两爬馆饲养展出蛇类中选取了缅甸蟒、缅甸白蟒、加州王蛇和三色乳蛇等进行了不同气味丰容实验并对气味丰容前后蛇类自主活动行为进行观察比较。其中对缅甸白蟒和缅甸蟒均采用了兔子血、茶叶包进行气味丰容;对加州王蛇和三色乳蛇均采用了小白鼠、茶叶包进行气味丰容。实验结果表明,通过不定期采用不同气味对蛇类进行丰容刺激,可以显著改善蛇类的自主活动情况,从而提高蛇类的观赏展示效果,也有利于改善蛇类的健康状况。气味丰容方案可以在其他蛇类的饲养展出中进行推广应用。     

去毒桐籽粕饲用价值的探讨

桐籽粕含有多种醇、二萜脂等有毒物质,因而长期以来只能用于肥料。桐籽粕中含代谢能5.46MJ/kg,粗蛋白质约36.13%,赖氨酸1.43%及较多的铁。小白鼠、肉用仔鸡饲养试验及屠宰测定试验表明:在肉用仔鸡前期日粮中加入5%～8%的桐籽粕,虽然略逊于优质蛋白质饲料,但作为中、低档蛋白质饲料资源,仍具有开发价值。