兴文世界地质公园绿色发展系统优化调控研究

兴文世界地质公园是一个与周边区域共生的复合系统,由于自然环境因素以及人类活动的影响,其人地关系矛盾突出,制约了区域社会经济的发展.协调公园内外的人地关系矛盾是兴文世界地质公园绿色发展的核心.在系统分析与诊断的基础上,以地质公园地质遗迹可持续利用、绿色发展理论为调控的指导思想,以公园内外资源环境社会经济复合系统相对稳定、有序的平衡状态为调控目的,提出绿色经济调控、社会调控、资源开发与生态环境保护等调控途径,以实现兴文世界地质公园的绿色发展.     

舟山虾峙门口外航道疏浚对海洋生态环境的影响及防治措施

介绍了舟山虾峙门航道疏浚过程中产生的各种污染及采取的防治措施,并对施工前后海域生态环境变化进行跟踪、监测分析,得出本次航道疏浚对附近海域生态环境造成一定的污染,特别对底栖生物产生较大影响,但是对海域水质、生态环境、渔业资源等影响不大,而且是短期的,随着疏浚工程的结束海域生态环境逐渐恢复,疏浚工程所采取的环保措施是积极有效的。     

西南地区玉米高产稳定性与主要农艺性状的回归及相关分析

[目的]了解玉米各农艺性状与其高产稳产性之间的关系,为优良玉米品种的选育提供理论依据.[方法]对52个玉米品种的农艺性状与平均产量建立回归分析模型,运用DPS软件计算相关系数、稳定性参数及灰色关联度.[结果]玉米各主要农艺性状与其平均产量的关联顺序为：穗长＞行粒数＞穗行数＞株高＞穗位高＞秃尖长;与稳定性的关联顺序为：穗长＞株高＞行粒数＞穗行数＞穗位高＞秃尖长.从相关系数的计算结果来看,穗长与平均产量相关性最大,相关系数为0.58227,达极显著水平;秃尖长与平均产量相关性最小,相关系数仅为0.04689;穗长与稳定性相关性最大,相关系数为0.44698,达极显著;穗位高与稳定性的相关性最小,相关系数仅为0.04567.[结论]穗长、行粒数、穗行数、株高、穗位高、秃尖长6个主要农艺性状中,穗长对平均产量、稳定性系数影响最大且为极显著正相关,在育种实践中,加大对穗长性状的选择力度,有可能选育出具丰产性与稳产性的优良品种.     

池塘鱼菜立体种养系统的微生物群落结构分析

为了解池塘鱼菜立体种养系统中微生物的群落结构特征, 探究池塘鱼菜立体种养系统不同组成之间的相互关系, 采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序方法对系统不同组成的微生物16S rRNA V3～V4区进行测序,比较分析了水体、底泥、蕹菜Ipomoea aquatica Forsk根际与根表、暗纹东方鲀Takifugu ...     

简便高质量的食用菌总RNA提取方法

STE法是针对食用菌多糖含量高而设计的一种提取食用菌总RNA的有效方法。本研究以灵芝、香菇和白腐真菌TR16菌株的菌丝体为材料，采用STE法提取其总RNA，同时以Trizol法作对照。结果表明：采用STE法提取的三种菌丝的总RNAA260／A280比值在1．80～2．10范围内，A260／A230略大于2．00；而Trizol法提取的总RNAA260／A280比值小于1．80，A260／A230小于1．90，明显比STE法效果差；总RNA电泳检测表明：STE法的3条带（28S rRNA、18SrRNA和5SrRNA）清晰，无拖尾，无杂带，效果比Trizol法好；将STE法提取的总RNA进行反转录后合成双链cDNA，进行预扩增，电泳显示呈弥散状；再进行选择性扩增，有相同或相异的条带。进一步表明STE法提取的总RNA质量较高，可以满足后续分子生物学研究的要求。     

西北旱作区施用保水剂对土壤水分及作物生长的影响

为了探明海瑞达保水剂在西北干旱半干旱地区施用对土壤水分含量和对作物生长的影响,以马铃薯和玉米为研究对象,在13个试验点进行试验。结果表明,施用保水剂（a2）较露地（a1）相比,可明显提高马铃薯和玉米的出苗率、株高、茎粗、土壤水分含量,其使用效果较地膜（a3）相比,差异不大;a2处理下较a3相比,马铃薯产量最大增产率为29.2%,玉米产量最大增产率为27.1%。研究为进一步推广保水剂替代地膜技术奠定基础。     

淮北灰驴mtDNA D-loop区遗传多样性及起源分析

为分析淮北灰驴遗传多样性与母系起源,从大群中随机选择10匹淮北灰驴,对其mtDNA D-loop区部分序列进行测序,与GenBank已公布的一些驴品种的mtDNA D-loop区序列进行比对分析,并探讨淮北灰驴的遗传多样性与母系起源。结果显示,在获得的407 bp D-loop碱基序列中,共检测出28处变异位点,8处碱基对的转换以及1处颠换,其核苷酸多样性（Pi）为0.021 95,单倍型多样性（Hd）为0.778,平均核苷酸差异（K）为8.911,显示淮北灰驴较为丰富的遗传多样性。从D-loop区核苷酸序列的5种单倍型分析,发现淮北灰驴可能有2个母系起源,遗传距离表明,淮北灰驴与克罗地亚家驴之间的遗传距离较近。研究结果从分子水平上为淮北灰驴的遗传资源保护和开发利用提供了参考。     

Immune responses of orange-spotted grouper,Epinephelus coioides,against virus-like particles of betanodavirus produced in Escherichia coli

Betanodaviruses are the causative agents of viral nervous necrosis (VNN), a serious disease of cultured marine fish worldwide. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are one of the good novel vaccine candidates to control this disease. Until now, betanodavirus vaccine studies mainly focused on the humoral immune response and mortality after virus challenge. However, little is known about the activation of genes responsible for cellular and innate immunity by vaccines. In the present study, VLPs of orange-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (OGNNV) were produced in prokaryotes and their ability to enter Asian sea bass cells was the same as native virus, suggesting that they possess a similar structure to OGNNV. VLPs immunogenicity was then determined by intramuscularly vaccinating Epinephelus coioides at different concentrations (1.5 or 15 μg g^?1 fish body weight, FBW) and immunizing frequencies (administration once, twice and thrice). A single vaccination with the dosage of 1.5 μg g^?1 FBW is enough to provoke high titer antibodies (average 3 fold higher than that of negative control) with strong neutralizing antibody titer as early as 1 week post immunization. Furthermore, quantitative PCR analysis revealed that eleven genes associated with humoral, cellular and innate immunities were up-regulated in the liver, spleen and head kidney at 12 h post immunization, correlating with the early antibody response. In conclusion, we demonstrated that VLP vaccination induced humoral immune responses and activated genes associated with cellular and innate immunity against betanodavirus infection in orange-spotted grouper.     

Alternative vegetable lipid sources in diets for grouper, Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton): effects on growth, and muscle and liver fatty acid composition

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different oils on growth performance and lipid metabolism of the grouper, Epinephelus coioides. Five experimental fish meal‐based isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated containing either 5.5%‐added fish oil (FO), soybean oil (SBO), corn oil (CO), sunflower oil (SFO) or peanut oil (PO). Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish (initial body weight 13.2±0.02 g) grown in seawater at 28.0–30.5 °C for 8 weeks. Fish were fed twice a day to visual satiety. No significant differences in the survival, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio or hepatosomatic index were found between fish fed the FO or vegetable oils (VO) diets. Dietary lipid sources did not affect whole‐body composition among grouper fed the various diets. Muscle of fish fed the FO diet had significantly higher levels of 14:0, 16:0, 16:1n‐7, 20:5n‐3[eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)] and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)+EPA (except for PO fed fish) compared with those of fish fed VO diets. However, the levels of 18:1n‐9, 18:2n‐6 and DHA/EPA ratios in the muscle of fish fed FO diet were significantly lower than those of fish fed the VO diets. The liver of fish fed the FO diet had significantly higher levels of 18:0, 20:5n‐3, 22:6n‐3, n‐3 highly unsaturated fatty acids and DHA+EPA than those of fish fed the VO diets, whereas increases in 18:1n‐9, 18:2n‐6 and mono‐unsaturated fatty acid levels were observed in the liver of fish fed the VO diets.     

优质耐贮运番茄新品种红运721

红运721 果实硬度好,耐贮运,80% 果面转红时采收,放置20 d（天）后好果率达
88%,抗病毒病,中抗枯萎病,适于南方地区栽培。