江河源区披碱草和星星草混播草地土壤物理性状对牦牛放牧强度的响应

在江河源区披碱草Elymus natans 星星草Puccinellia tenuflora混播人工草地上研究了牦牛放牧强度对土壤物理性状的影响,2年的试验结果表明:随着放牧强度的增加,不同土壤层含水量均呈降低趋势,土壤容重、土壤坚实度呈增大趋势.相关分析表明, 放牧强度与不同土壤层含水量呈极显著的负相关(P＜0.01), 与土壤容重和坚实度呈极显著的正相关(P＜0.01),而且土壤容重和坚实度均具有累积效应.     

重组鸡β-防御素6基因的表达和生物学特性的研究

目的为开发中药防治畜禽沙门氏菌病,根据沙门氏菌病中兽医辩证进行中药组方,为今后畜禽养殖减抗限抗的替代疗法提供参考。方法采用倍比稀释法检测复方板蓝根口服液对鸡白痢沙门氏菌的最小抑菌质量浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌质量浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC),扫描电镜观察菌体形态变化。试验选取150羽1日龄雏鸡,随机取出30羽做空白组,其余120羽人工感染鸡白痢沙门氏菌,制备雏鸡感染模型。将感染雏鸡随机分为模型组、中药治疗组、西药治疗组和中药预防组,每组30羽。观察雏鸡的发病率及死亡率。于治疗后1、3和5 d检测血清中IL-1β和TNF-α的含量;实时荧光PCR检测禽β-防御素6 (avian beta-defensin 6,AvBD6) 和鸡Toll样受体15 (chicken toll-like receptor 15,ChTLR15) 在雏鸡小肠中的转录水平。结果体外试验结果显示：MIC和MBC分别为62.5和125 mg/mL;扫描电镜下可见菌体出现溢缩,断裂形成许多残体,形状不规则。中药预防组可降低雏鸡的发病率及死亡率。与模型组相比,中药预防组和中药治疗组均可降低IL-1β和TNF-α含量。而ChTLR15和AvBD6在感染初期表达量高,治疗后期趋于正常。结论复方板蓝根口服液对鸡白痢沙门氏菌有明显的抑制作用,其杀菌机制是通过改变菌体的形态结构使细菌丧失活性。试验证实复方板蓝根口服液可有效预防雏鸡沙门氏菌感染,并能有效降低体内炎性因子水平,减轻炎症反应。     

施硒和6-BA对葡萄叶片衰老与活性氧代谢的影响

【目的】明确氨基酸硒和6-BA对葡萄叶片衰老与活性氧代谢的影响,为延缓叶片衰老技术的提出提供理论依据。【方法】以设施延迟栽培条件下叶片衰老速度不同的‘意大利’和‘无核白鸡心’2个葡萄品种为试材,分别进行叶面喷施氨基酸硒和6-BA处理,以喷施等量清水作为对照,研究施硒及6-BA对叶片衰老期间各功能叶片的叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧阴离子自由基(O2·)、过氧化氢(H2O2)含量及过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)抗氧化酶活性的影响。【结果】与对照相比,外源氨基酸硒和6-BA处理显著延缓了叶片的叶绿素含量和净光合速率(Pn)的下降,提高了过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,从而减慢了丙二醛(MDA)、超氧阴离子自由基(O2·)、过氧化氢(H2O2)的上升速率,延缓了叶片衰老。2个品种间比较,‘意大利’叶片衰老缓慢,在生育后期仍能维持较高的抗氧化酶活性。【结论】氨基酸硒和6-BA处理可有效提高叶片的抗衰老能力,延长叶片的功能期。     

果菜类蔬菜早熟性育种研究进展

早熟性是蔬菜作物育种的重要指标,对农业增产和农民增收意义重大。本文对果菜类蔬菜早熟性评价指标,早熟性相关农艺性状和早熟性育种方法三个方面的研究进展进行综述,并对基因工程辅助早熟育种进行了展望。     

不同林龄枫香子代性状变异与家系选择

对布设在安徽祁门县的首批84个枫香子代测定林，分析比较了9年生与3年生两个不同林龄胸径、树高性状的遗传力和遗传增益等参数，并开展了优良家系选择。结果表明不同时期入选的家系名称、数量及名次出现较大差异，大部分家系胸径、树高性状的家系遗传力、单株遗传力及遗传增益等参数估值，表现为随林龄增大而降低。研究结果为枫香良种选育的适宜林龄提供了参考依据。     

城市公交车制动能量回收方式综述

文章在分析城市公交车运行工况的基础上,说明了城市公交车能量回收系统的必要性。分析了三种制动能量回收方式的结构原理,对三种制动能量回收系统在城市公交车上的应用进行了分析比较。     

Effect of Se and VE Supplement on Semen Quality,Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Heat Shock Protein Expression of Goat in High Temperature Season

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of selenium and vitamin E supplement on semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression of goat in Hainan high temperature season.16 adult Hainan Black goat with good health and approximate weight were randomly divided into 4 groups, fed with basal diet(control group), basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se(Se group), basal diet+100 mg/kg VE(VE group), and basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se+100 mg/kg VE(Se+VE group), respectively.The experimental period was 93 d.Semen samples were collected in the last week of the experiment on two consecutive days.The semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression were analyzed.The results showed that compared with control group, the ejaculate volume was not significantly affected by Se or VE supplement(P>0.05).Sperm density and sperm motility were increased significantly by Se and VE supplement(P<0.05), and the abnormal rate was decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).The goats fed with Se and VE also had higher activities of GSH-Px(P<0.01), SOD(P<0.05), CAT(P<0.05) and T-AOC(P<0.01), and lower MDA concentration in seminal plasma(P<0.05).The relative expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA in supplement groups were decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).However, there were some certain differences between the Se and VE supplement groups on semen quality and heat shock protein expression.In conclusion, the supplementation of Se and VE could help to improve goat semen quality by increasing the sperm density, sperm motility, the antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreasing the abnormal rate in hot season of Hainan.Finally, Se and VE supplement had good effects on relieving the environment heat stress.     

国家种质多年生牧草圃资源整理整合及共享

简要介绍了国家多年生牧草圃概况及资源保存状况,阐述了多年生牧草圃资源整理、整合及数字化表达现状,提出了资源共享利用的框架;指出了在牧草资源整理整合中存在的问题及对策.     

Research on the Realization of Remote Controlling for Multi-output Power Supply of Communication Equipment Based on Ethernet

According to the requirements of communication power supply, such as high reliability, wide application and high availability, the authors raise a new remote control design for a multi-output power supply for communication equipment based on TCPIP protocol and embedded technology. Then the hardware design is given for the system is discussed based on Ethernet professional chip PRTL8019AS and related circuits. The firmware software design for the salve-computer based TCPIP technology, and the soft design of communieation and control for the master-computer are proposed based on Winsoek and MFC technology in detail A test machine is built to do the testing, the test results prove that the test machine works stably and well, satisfies the design rules and also provides a feasible method for the remote supervise in communication power supplier whose requirement includes remote supervise, no-people on duty and so on.