家禽卵泡发育相关生长因子的研究进展

胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)家族、表皮生长因子(EGF)家族和转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)超家族成员的功能涉及家禽卵泡细胞增殖分化、类固醇激素生成、促性腺激素的功能调节、卵泡选择和排卵等过程。本文综述了IGF、EGF、TGF-β及其他相关生长因子对家禽卵泡发育调控的研究进展,旨在为进一步研究家禽卵泡的生长、发育和排卵机制提供帮助。     

羊驼皮肤中可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶的表达差异

采用免疫组织化学、实时荧光定量PCR和Western blotting对可溶性鸟苷酸环化酶(sGC)在棕色和白色羊驼皮肤中的表达差异进行了研究,以探讨sGC在羊驼皮肤中的作用。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,sGC在棕色羊驼皮肤中的相对表达量较低,是其在白色羊驼皮肤中的表达量的0.16倍,且差异极显著(P<0.01);Western blot-ting结果显示,在羊驼皮肤总蛋白中含有与兔多克隆抗体发生免疫阳性反应的条带,在棕色皮肤中的反应阳性弱于白色皮肤,且差异极显著(P<0.01);免疫组织化学结果表明,sGC免疫阳性主要分布在白色羊驼皮肤毛囊的毛球上方细胞及细胞间质,而在棕色羊驼皮肤毛囊中,sGC免疫阳性主要分布在毛球底部和外根鞘细胞及细胞间质。结果提示sGC参与羊驼毛色形成。     

围封、浅耕翻改良对退化羊草草甸草地土壤种子库的影响

应用幼苗萌发法比较研究了浅耕翻改良、围封改良和自由放牧对退化羊草草甸草地土壤种子库的影响.结果表明,浅耕翻改良、围封改良措施均可显著提高退化羊草草地土壤种子库的密度,改善种子库的物种组成结构,其中围封改良较浅耕翻改良措施对土壤种子库的补偿和修复更为有利.     

羊毛经济性状主基因研究进展

作者综述了目前已经发现并证明的与羊毛经济性状相关的多个重要基因,包括着色基因（pigmentation）、角蛋白基因（keratin genes）和无毛基因（hairless gene）及其他影响因子等,旨在为绵羊品种改良和分子标记辅助育种提供理论基础。     

Using genetic tools to inform conservation of fragmented populations of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) across their range in China

A herd of 15 Chinese elephants attracted international attention during their 2021 northward trek, motivating the government to propose establishment of an Asian elephant national park. However, planning is hampered by a lack of genetic information on the remaining populations in China. We collected DNA from 497 dung samples from all 5 populations encompassing the entire range of elephants in China and used mitochondrial and microsatellite markers to investigate their genetic and demographic structure. We identified 237 unique genotypes (153 females, 84 males), representing 81% of the known population. However, the effective population size was small (28, range 25–32). Historic demographic contraction appeared to account for low haplotype diversity (H_d = 0.235), but moderate nucleotide and nuclear diversity (π = 0.6%, H_e = 0.55) was attributable to post-bottleneck recovery involving recent population expansion plus historical gene exchange with elephants in Myanmar, Lao PDR, and Vietnam. The 5 populations fell into 3 clusters, with Nangunhe elephants differing consistently from the other 4 populations (F_ST = 0.23); elephants from Mengyang, Simao, and Jiangcheng belonged to a single population (henceforth, MSJ), and differed from the Shangyong population (F_ST = 0.11). Interpopulation genetic variation reflected isolation by distance and female-biased dispersal. Chinese elephants should be managed as 2 distinct units: Nangunhe and another combining Shangyong and MSJ; their long-term viability will require restoring gene flow between Shangyong and MSJ, and between elephants in China and neighboring countries. Our results have the potential to inform conservation planning for an iconic megafaunal species.     

中草药添加剂提高密蜂春繁效果的研究

在早春繁殖期,以中草药作为饲料添加剂,观察蜜蜂群势变化和蜂群健康情况.结果表明,试验组A和对照组CK的蜂群繁殖效果差异极显著,试验组蜂群健康、活动正常,蜂群繁殖率提高了12.1%.     

猪妊娠过程中胎盘发育及其调控基因研究进展

胎盘是母体与胎儿进行营养物质、气体及废弃物交换的重要器官。妊娠过程中,猪胎盘功能是影响母猪产仔数、死胎数及断奶前死亡率的最重要因素之一。作者介绍了猪妊娠早期胎盘的建立过程及形态变化、妊娠中期胎盘褶皱的形成、妊娠后期胎盘的进一步发育,阐述了这3个妊娠阶段猪胎盘的形态变化与其对应的胎盘功能之间的关系,并介绍了目前所发现的调控猪胎盘建立和发育的相关基因,包括透明质酸酶（HYAL）、组织蛋白酶（CTSB和CTSL1）及乙酰肝素酶（HPSE）基因,为提高母猪胎盘效率、增加母猪繁殖力提供科学依据。     

紫花苜蓿个体性状对土壤磷素供给能力的响应研究

磷元素是影响紫花苜蓿生产的主要限制因素之一,通过研究苜蓿个体性状对不同土壤磷素供给水平的响应,有助于揭示磷元素对苜蓿生产力的影响途径,进而为苜蓿产业的发展提供理论依据.本研究利用有效磷(P2O5)含量低于3 mg/kg的土壤设置(P2O5)0,30,90,180 mg/kg 4个磷肥添加梯度,形成4种具有不同磷素供给水...     

国产头孢噻呋钠的毒性试验

为了解国产头孢噻呋钠的毒性,进行了小鼠的急性毒性及对鸡的亚慢性毒性试验。结果表明,小鼠肌肉注射头孢噻呋钠,LD50为1 673.02 mg/kg;鸡注射头孢噻呋钠21 d,未发现与药物相关的体征变化,各组间的体重变化无显著性差异;采食量、饮水量随鸡龄增加而增加,平行比较无显著性差异;各阶段鸡的RBC、WBC分类记数(中性粒细胞/N、碱性粒细胞/B、酸性粒细胞/E、大单核细胞/M、淋巴细胞/L)均在正常值范围内,各组间无显著性差异;各组间血清生化值BUN、GPT、ALB也无显著性差异;各组脏器无显著性差异,说明该药毒性较低。     

Cloning of Buffalo AQP9 Gene and Analysing its Expression in the Buffalo Tissues

Cloning buffalo AQP9 gene and analyzing its expression in buffalo tissues.A pair of primers was designed according to the released bovine AQP9 sequences in GenBank,which was used to clone buffalo AQP9 gene.The AQP9 gene was amplified by RT-PCR,whose nucleotide sequence and protein structure were analyzed by bioinformatics methods.The expression of AQP9 in buffalo tissues was assayed by Real-time quantitative PCR.The expression of AQP9 gene in buffalo ovary and testis tissue was detected by immunohistochemical staining method.The results showed that the cloned ORF length of buffalo AQP9 gene was 888 bp,which coded 295 amino acids.The results of multiple sequence comparison showed that the nucleotide sequence of buffalo AQP9 shared 99%,90%,97% and 88% homologeous compared with that of Bos taurus,Sus scrofa,Ovis ariessis and Homo sapiens,respectively,while shared 99%,86%,97%,83% homologeous for amino acids,respectively.Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that AQP9 gene was highly conservative in the evolutionary process.Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that AQP9 gene expressed in buffalo liver,lung,brain,skin,testis and ovary tissues with different levels,had the most abundant expression in liver,followed by in skin and testis,less observed in lung and ovary.The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of AQP9 protein varied with the development of buffalo ovarian tissue,and gradually enhanced with follicle development.In testicular tissue,AQP9 protein expressed in spermatocyte and leydig cells of developmental stage testis.These results indicated that we had successfully cloned buffalo AQP9 gene sequences.The expression and its function of AQP9 in buffalo ovaries and testes might play an important role in follicle development and spermatogenesis.