枸杞多糖改善糖尿病肾病作用的研究

应用2型糖尿病小鼠模型,观察中药活性成分枸杞多糖(LBP)对2型糖尿病小鼠肾脏的保护作用。免疫组化半定量法检测各组小鼠肾组织PPAR-γ蛋白的表达,并通过Western blot检测LBP对2型糖尿病小鼠肾组织中的p38MAPK表达的影响,初步探讨LBP改善糖尿病肾病(DN)的可能作用机制。实验结果表明,与正常对照组比较,2型糖尿病小鼠肾组织PPAR-γ蛋白含量降低,LBP作用4 w后,能上调2型糖尿病小鼠肾组织PPAR-γ蛋白含量,且还能对高糖引起的肾组织p38MAPK活性增加表现出明显的对抗作用。总之,LBP对2型糖尿病小鼠肾组织具有保护作用,且与上调PPAR-γ蛋白表达有关。     

PROGRESS ON IMPROVING AGRICULTURAL NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY: UK-CHINA VIRTUAL JOINT CENTERS ON NITROGEN AGRONOM

● Virtual joint centers on N agronomy were established between UK and China. ● Key themes were improving NUE for fertilizers, utilizing livestock manures, and soil health. ● Improved management practices and technologies were identified and assessed. ● Fertilizer emissions and improved manure management are key targets for mitigation. Two virtual joint centers for nitrogen agronomy were established between the UK and China to facilitate collaborative research aimed at improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in agricultural production systems and reducing losses of reactive N to the environment. Major focus areas were improving fertilizer NUE, use of livestock manures, soil health, and policy development and knowledge exchange. Improvements to fertilizer NUE included attention to application rate in the context of yield potential and economic considerations and the potential of improved practices including enhanced efficiency fertilizers, plastic film mulching and cropping design. Improved utilization of livestock manures requires knowledge of the available nutrient content, appropriate manure processing technologies and integrated nutrient management practices. Soil carbon, acidification and biodiversity were considered as important aspects of soil health. Both centers identified a range of potential actions that could be taken to improve N management, and the research conducted has highlighted the importance of developing a systems-level approach to assessing improvement in the overall efficiency of N management and avoiding unintended secondary effects from individual interventions. Within this context, the management of fertilizer emissions and livestock manure at the farm and regional scales appear to be particularly important targets for mitigation.     

甘蓝型黄籽油菜产量性状的遗传分析

利用加性-显性-母体的遗传模型,分析了7个不同遗传来源甘蓝型黄籽油菜品系所配制的完全双列杂交资料。结果表明,产量性状主要受加性和显性效应共同控制,环境对产量性状有一定的影响而母体效应影响很小。基因效应分析发现y4单株粒重有极显著的加性效应,y3×y4单株粒重有极显著的显性效应     

中国粮价上涨与粮食安全的宏观分析

本轮粮价上涨具有粮食价格与粮食产量逆运行、粮食价格获得了流动性充足的支持以及国际粮价传导等新的特点.导致中国粮食价格上涨的深层原因在于不断推进和加速的工业化与城市化;粮食价格的虚假繁荣不仅会加剧通货膨胀,而且还会使粮食生产的主体农民遭受更大的盘剥;解决粮价上涨背景下的中国粮食安全问题还需加大政策供给的力度.     

陆地棉胞质雄性不育系与保持系线粒体基因组RFLP分析

【目的】研究棉花细胞质雄性不育（CMS）系与保持系线粒体基因组的差异,为克隆棉花CMS基因奠定基础。【方法】以atpA, atp6, atp9, ccmB, ccmC, ccmFN1, cob, coxI, coxII, coxIII, matR, nad1bc, nad2, nad4, nad5, nad6, nad7c, nad9, rpl5, rrn18等20个线粒体基因保守序列为探针,利用Southern blot方法对棉花细胞质雄性不育系、保持系线粒体基因组进行RFLP分析。【结果】发现atpA、atp9、ccmB、nad1bc、nad6、nad7c、rrn18等基因在棉花不育系和保持系间存在明显RFLP多态性,其中atpA的差异最明显。【结论】atpA是棉花CMS系和保持系线粒体基因组间的一个明显差异位点。CMS系比保持系缺失一个rrn18拷贝。     

3D虚拟仿真技术在体育馆购票系统开发中的应用研究

根据车辆路径问题的数学模型,分析了它的具体特征,从而对BA的操作算子又进行了重新定义,设计了求解VRP问题的离散蝙蝠算法,并通过实例测试将离散蝙蝠算法与其他算法进行比较,验证了该算法求解VRP问题的有效性与可行性.     

结球生菜营养品质品种比较

【目的】筛选出营养物质含量丰富的结球生菜品种。【方法】对22份不同品种结球生菜的维生素C、有机酸、粗纤维、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和水分6个营养指标的含量进行测定,并利用模糊数学的隶属函数法计算不同品种结球生菜的每个营养指标的隶属函数值,对其营养品质进行综合评价。【结果】结果表明,不同品种结球生菜间同一营养物质的含量存在较大差异。【结论】根据隶属函数值分析,营养品质最优的品种是芳妮。     

基于对流参数的雷暴潜势预报方法对比分析

以南京站为中心、50km半径范围内的闪电定位资料为依据区分南京的雷暴与非雷暴,将2006～2008年6～8月的552个对流参数样本分别利用逐步选择法、逐步回归法和相关分析法进行因子筛选,将筛选出的与雷暴有密切关系的对流参数作为预报因子分别应用Bayes判别分析、Logistic回归判别和神经网络的雷暴潜势预报方法进行预报。结果表明,Logistic回归判别法对雷暴的预报准确率为最高的78％,Baye判别分析法的误报率为最低的7．6％,综合预报准确率和误报率来看,Logistic回归判别法最适合于南京地区的雷暴潜势预报;最后将筛选出的预报因子做主成分分析,给出预报因子与雷暴的关系的相应解释。     

pH对粪肠球菌高产双乙酰的影响

将分离自内蒙古农家酸马奶(Koumiss)的粪肠球菌KLDS 4.1004经NTG诱变获得诱变株KLDS 4.1003,后者的LDH、DR酶活力下降,且ALD酶失活。对两者进行8个pH点条件下的酶活、生长情况与代谢物测定,确定KLDS 4.1003在pH 6.5、7.0时双乙酰产量最高。在6个时间点分别检测两个pH点的菌数与双乙酰产量变化,发现发酵16 h两项指标均最高,最终确定最高产双乙酰条件为pH 7.0、16 h,最大产量为1.29 g.L-1。结果表明,诱变株KLDS 4.1003产双乙酰性能优良,可进一步开发成产香型益生发酵剂菌种。     

Variation of Plant Electrophysiology in Cucumber under Different Water Status

AP and VP were measured in cucumbers under water sufficiency and water stress. The results indicated that, the AP would be evoked by electrical impulse, for water-stressed cucumber, its amplitude could reached more than 40 mV which was obviously greater than that (about 10-20mV) of plant under well-watered,and no VP came out. Along with the intensity of light increased, the VP appeared going-up trend, and accompanied by evidently spiking electrical signal, for plant under water stress, the VP increased more clearly, but the change of spiking amplitude of AP (about 3mV) was rather smaller than that (8-10mV) of plant under well-wa-tered.