2种热带珍稀果树蛋黄果和蛋黄桃榄果在粤西引种试验及其发展潜力分析

从国外引进两种珍稀果树蛋黄果和蛋黄桃榄果,在粤西地区进行引种栽培试验以各个果树品种的生长量、保存率和结果情况来评价各品种的适应性,最后对两种果树在我国的发展潜力作了分析和预测。     

Performance of four Chinese Trichogramma species as biocontrol agents of the rice striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, under various temperature and humidity regimes

The striped stem borer, Chilo suppressalis (Walker), is one of the most economically important rice pests worldwide. However, biological control of this pest using natural enemies has rarely been documented. Indigenous natural populations of four Trichogramma species (i.e., T. japonicum, T. chilonis, T. dendrolimi, and T. ostriniae) were collected from the eggs of C. suppressalis in paddy fields. With the objective of screening suitable candidate species for controlling the striped stem borer, parasitism by these four Trichogramma species of the eggs of their native host, C. suppressalis, was evaluated at five temperatures (18, 22, 26, 30, and 34?°C) and four relative humidity (RH) regimes (30, 50, 70, and 90?%). The temperature and the humidity significantly affected the ability of all of the Trichogramma species to parasitize the eggs of their host. T. chilonis parasitized more eggs at 26?°C than at the other temperatures. By contrast, T. dendrolimi, T. ostriniae, and T. japonicum performed best within a wider temperature range. The host number parasitized was highest at 70?% RH and differed significantly among the Trichogramma species at all of the temperatures and humidities tested, except at 30?°C and 50?% RH. Generally, T. dendrolimi and T. japonicum performed better than the other species at 18–26 and 30–34?°C, respectively, whereas T. ostriniae parasitized the fewest host eggs at 30–70?% RH. Both T. dendrolimi and T. japonicum appear to be promising candidates for augmentative release against C. suppressalis in northeastern China.     

多功能电话电路设计

设计了一种多功能电话电路，能够防止他人非法串线盗打和窃听电话，通过单片机控制自动存储并显示电话号码和所打电话的时刻及用时，且可通过打印机接口打印以上信息。     

小麦品种抗耐黄矮病性鉴定初步研究

1983—1987年田间人工鉴定4211份主要小麦品种资源材料,对黄矮病的反应虽有不同程度差异,但无免疫品种。症状表现最为抗病并且较为稳定的是远缘杂交小麦品种中4、中5、多年生1号及普通小麦品种复壮30号。小麦品种抗耐黄矮病性与其症状表现不一定一致,需结合被害损失综合鉴定。     

小麦梭条斑花叶病毒(WSSMV)提纯、粒子性质和血清学

 采用冰冻患病小麦叶片,经0.5M磷酸钾缓冲液pH7.0抽提,1/4体积四氯化碳澄清,6%聚乙二醇,3% NaCl和1% Triton X-100沉淀,二次差速离心(含20%蔗糖垫,0.3% Triton X-100).一次10-50%蔗糖密度梯度离心,最后经一次超速离心浓缩,成功地获得部分提纯制剂。经电镜观察,可见大量线状病毒粒子,很少有杂质。病毒粒子在中性条件下稳定,在酸性条件下变形。病毒粒子直径13-14nm.长度250-1800nm,其中在300-400nm,550-700nm之间具有二个主要分布峰。经紫外读数,病毒制剂表现为典型的核蛋白吸收特性.其中OD260/OD244为1.19,OD260/OD280为1.29。病毒粒子外壳蛋白有二个组分,分子量分别约为30kd和27kd。
在免疫电镜实验中,小麦梭条斑花叶病毒(WSSMV)和小麦黄花叶病毒(WYMV)抗血清不仅均能显著而有效地捕获汁液中的WSSMV粒子,而且还可在粒子外面包上一层厚厚的抗血清外套。     

大麦黄花叶病毒(BaYMV)机械接种的初步研究

 大麦黄花叶病毒的机械接种一般发病率较低,为提高其发病率,我们进行了缓冲液种类、用量,接种源种类,接种时苗龄,按种后苗培育时的温度、光照强度和时数等因素的研究。     

超临界流体萃取技术在农药残留分析中的应用进展

从萃取过程控制的角度，综述了近几年来国外超临界流体技术不同形态的基体的农药残留分析中的应用情况、研究现状及前景。     

鸳鸯越冬期日活动行为时间分配的研究

越冬期鸳鸯（Ａｉｘｇａｌｅｒｉｃｕｌａｔａ）日活动行为的时间分配有明显规律性。休息（４０％－８０％）是越冬期鸳鸯的主要行为．早晨和傍晚是鸳鸯的取食高峰时间。在下午的取食强度高于上午的取食强度。越冬中期（１２－１月）鸳鸯的游泳时间相对减少，休息时间相对延长。在雌雄个体日活动行为的差别上，雄性个体理羽行为的时间比雌性个体多；警戒活动大部分是由雄性个体担任；雌性个体的休息时间比雄性个体多。季节变化，气候条件，以及温度、时间对鸳鸯的日活动行为都有一定的影响。     

Genetic analysis of vesicular stomatitis virus-New Jersey from the 1995 outbreak in the western United States

OBJECTIVE: To compare molecular associations between the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-New Jersey isolates of the 1995 outbreak with those from previous outbreaks between 1982 and 1985 in the western United States. SAMPLE POPULATION: 23 virus isolates considered representative of the 1995 outbreak of vesicular stomatitis. PROCEDURE: Viral gene coding for surface-envelope protein G was evaluated by use of nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: Changes in up to 0.77% of the nucleotide bases and 1.35% of the amino acids were detected among the 1995 viral isolates, whereas changes in up to 3.2 and 2.9% of the nucleotides and amino acids, respectively, were found, compared with the 1982 to 1985 viruses. Insertions or deletions were not found in the entire gene, which spanned 1,554 nucleotide bases. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the 1995 VSV-New Jersey belongs to a lineage distinct from that of the 1982 to 1985 viruses that caused previous outbreaks in the western United States. Furthermore, it also is distinct from strains from Central America and from the Georgian Hazelhurst strain.     

饲料不安全因素对人类健康及生态环境的影响

饲料的安全性不仅影响动物健康和生产性能．而且通过动物及动物产品影响人类健康及食物链上其它成员的安全，甚至影响环境的生态平衡（冯定远，2005）。饲料中抗营养因子的存在：药物添加剂、高铜添加剂和有机砷制剂等生长促进剂的长期使用和滥用：盐酸克伦特罗和其它违禁激素类药物的非法使用：饲料微生物、农药及工业三废污染等，都是饲料的不安全因素。这些不安全因素不仅影响畜产品安全及人类健康，同时，畜禽排泄物及废弃饲料中重金属、药物和病原微生物等有毒有害物质成为严重污染生态环境的污染源，土壤、空气、水源等人类赖以生存的环境被污染。全面分析饲料不安全因素对人类健康及生态环境的影响．可以提高人们对饲料及畜产品的安全意识，确保畜产品安全问题的源头——饲料的安全．