Genetic relationships among resynthesized,semi-resynthesized and natural <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica napus</Emphasis> L. genotypes

The allopolyploidization event that created cultivated oilseed rape Brassica napus L, followed by intense breeding, reduced its genetic diversity. Resynthesized (RS) B. napus L. obtained by interspecific hybridization between genotypes of B. rapa L. and B. oleracea L. can be a valuable source for broadening genetic diversity in cultivated oilseed rape. In this study, we determined the extent of DNA polymorphism among natural accessions of oilseed rape, resynthesized B. napus, their parental species and double-low quality semi-RS lines carrying the Rfo gene. Using 10 selected primer combinations, 522 polymorphic AFLP markers were scored in the complete set of 100 Brassica sp. To detect relationships between these genotypes, a cluster analysis was performed using the Jaccard’s distance. Resynthesized allopolyploids clustered directly between their diploid parents. Cultivated accessions of oilseed rape created a compact group away from resynthesized allopolyploids as well as semi-RS lines. The natural oilseed rape group, which consists of 49 cultivars and breeding lines of oilseed rape, is characterized by lower genetic diversity than the group of 33 accessions of resynthesized oilseed rape, and the analysis showed that the double-low quality semi-RS lines represent a specific genetic variation of B. napus. The de novo resynthesized B. napus lines and the semi-RS lines of double-low quality generated from them, provide a significant opportunity for enrichment the gene pool of oilseed rape.     

Assessing seed desiccation responses of native trees in the Caribbean

New Forests - Native trees from the Caribbean were tested for seed desiccation responses, by adapting the “100-seed test” protocol. Ninety-seven seed lots of 91 species were collected...     

First report on the Dutch elm disease pathogen Ophiostoma novo‐ulmi from Latvia

During 2017, Dutch elm disease was investigated on 67 Ulmus glabra and 29 Ulmus laevis samples from 28 sites in Latvia. The presence of Ophiostoma novo‐ulmi was detected in 61.2% of the samples from U. glabra and in 34.5% of the samples from U. laevis. In 11% of cases, hybrids between subsp. novo‐ulmi and subsp. americana were identified, particularly in the sites in the southern part of Latvia. This study presents the first verified record of Ophiostoma novo‐ulmi and its subspecies in Latvia.     

Jack beans and vetiver grass growth on iron ore tailing sediments from the Doce River dam disaster in Brazil: plant growth regulator effects under different edaphic conditions

Journal of Soils and Sediments - After the greatest environmental disaster in the history of Brazil and the deposition of the iron ore tailings in alluvial regions, the process of revegetation for...     

Sorbent Materials Characterization Based on Mechanical or Thermal Pretreated Montmorillonite Modified by Surfactant Loading for Improved Chromium Retention

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution - The treatment efficiency of Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus species, immobilized in sodium alginate, was evaluated for removing nitrate from groundwater....     

沙地柏根系径级对根土复合体抗剪强度的影响

采用应变控制式直剪仪,通过对含不同沙地柏根系径级的扰动土进行室内直剪试验,分析研究根土复合体的抗剪性能。结果表明沙地柏根系的加入,增强了土体的抗剪强度,且根土复合体的抗剪强度符合库伦定律;当所含根系径级小于某个极限值时,根土复合体的抗剪强度随着径级的增大而增大,当超过这一极限值,则随着所含根系径级的增大,其抗剪强度逐渐减小,随着根系径级的逐步增大,由于根自身抵抗土体剪切变形能力增强,使得根土复合体的抗剪强度值开始回升;一定竖向荷载下,根土截面比△过小,对复合体抗剪性能影响微弱;根土截面比过大,根系与土壤胶结力降低,对抗剪强度产生负影响,因此,存在一个最佳根土截面比,在此比值附近,根土复合体的抗剪强度达到最大。本研究可为沙地柏在作为水土保持树种栽植方面提供理论依据。     

基于Gateway技术的植物表达载体的构建

【目的】为方便基于植物瞬时表达技术的高通量功能基因筛选,利用Gateway技术实现植物表达载体和表达文库的构建,将35S启动子和Gateway技术入门载体pDONR222的同源重组区连接到植物表达载体pCAMBIA0380上,构建Gateway技术兼容的植物表达载体。【方法】分别扩增35S启动子与pDONR222上attP特异识别序列之间的功能区,并将其依次连入根癌农杆菌(Agrobacterium tume faciens)介导的植物表达载体pCAM-BIA0380的多克隆位点区,利用带有attB特异识别区域的GUS基因,对构建的载体功能进行测试。【结果】成功构建了基于Gateway技术的植物表达载体p1104D;载体重组基因的选择性测试结果表明,p1104D对目的基因片段的大小无严格选择性;载体重组效率测试结果表明,p1104D重组平均滴度为5.11×105cfu/mL;GUS报告基因瞬间表达试验结果表明,改造后的载体可以实现目标基因的顺利表达。【结论】基于Gateway技术的植物表达载体p1104D的构建,为实现cDNA文库的高效构建和目标基因的高通量功能筛选提供了可能,有望推动植物-病原互作研究中关键基因的鉴定与克隆。     

东北天南星茎挥发油成分GC-MS分析

用气相色谱-质谱法对东北天南星茎的挥发油进行化学成分分析。采用水蒸气蒸馏法从东北天南星茎中提取挥发油,用归一化法测定其百分含量,并用气相色谱-质谱法对化学成分进行鉴定。共鉴定了48种成分,占挥发油总量的96.637%。本方法稳定可靠具有良好的重现性适用于中药挥发油的化学成分分析。