凉水国家级自然保护区松鼠冬季重取区的生境特征

采用无线电跟踪观察和固定样地调查的方法,研究了凉水国家级自然保护区松鼠冬季重取生境特征。结果表明:松鼠的重取区集中在巢树附近40~60 m内的林隙中,重取区的乔木以针叶树为主,地面被覆苔藓及阔叶树落叶。重取区的冠层郁闭度和灌木密度均低于对照样地。重取生境的特征表明,空间记忆和视觉刺激是松鼠重取的可能机制。     

青脚白羽鸡种质特性的研究

以青脚白羽鸡为试验材料,对其生产性能和屠宰指标进行了较详细的研究。研究结果表明,青脚白羽鸡的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率及胸肌率分别为(90.578±0.404)%、(82.202±0.526)%、(61.708±1.019)%、(15.485±1.348)%,多数性状高于目前生产中推广品种。     

小偃麦异附加系的细胞学及分子标记鉴定

利用形态学、细胞学、A—PAGE和RAPD方法，对5个小麦-中间偃麦草(Thinopyrum intermedium)双体异附加系Line5、Line6、Line11、Line12和Line13进行了鉴定。细胞学鉴定结果表明，它们根尖细胞染色体数目为2n=44，花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I(PMC MⅠ)染色体构型为2n=22Ⅱ，具有高度的细胞学稳定性；形态学鉴定和A—PAGE电泳分析证明，Line12和Line13可能附加了中间偃麦草第2部分同源群的染色体，Line5和Line6可能附加了中间偃麦草第1部分同源群的染色体；RAPD分析表明，在供试的80个随机引物中，有2个引物S20和S21能够在亲本中间偃麦草和双体异附加系中稳定扩增出特异带型，并可作为异附加系所附加染色体的特异RAPD标记。     

探索城市新区社区建设的新模式—合肥经济技术开发区社区建设的回顾和思考

合肥经济技术开发区的社区建设在全国开发区解决“三农”问题方面具有重要的示范作用。作者分析了合肥经济技术开发区社区建设的背景及原因，回顾了合肥经济技术开发 区社区建设的进程及其取得的巨大成效，最后探讨了社区建设面临的一些问题和进一步健康发展所需要的制度创新。     

香料饮料研究所科技开发工作实践与探索

文章阐述了中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所科技开发的背景、主要做法及取得的成效,并从高附加值产品研发、兴隆热带植物园的经营管理、人才队伍建设等方面对今后科技开发工作进行展望,以期为同类农业科研机构科技开发工作提供参考与借鉴。     

锡林郭勒盟不同草原地带湖泊环境变化规律研究

利用锡林郭勒草原2006年TM遥感影像数据,结合野外调查,在ArcGIS软件的支持下,将研究区面积大于5km2的湖泊-湿地复合体划分为湖泊、沼泽水体、裸地、裸滩与盐化地、湖滩湿地、典型湿地、地带性草原7种土地利用/覆盖类型,揭示不同草原地带湖泊-湿地复合体的结构变化规律。结果表明：在整个锡林郭勒草原范围内,湖泊相对集中...     

木麻黄黄化丛枝病的研究

 通过电镜观察、传毒试验及抗菌素处理,首次摸清了木麻黄黄化丛枝病的病原为类菌原体(MLO)和类细菌(BLO)复合侵染;传病虫媒为菱纹叶蝉(传播MLO)和短头叶蝉(传播BLO)。聚丙烯酰胺圆盘凝胶电泳的结果,病、健植株内的过氧化物酶同工酶的谱型及活性差异显著,病植株中都缺少AIII兀区谱带。
经土壤分析发现,健病苗植土中的Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn的含量相差极显著,施相应元素盆栽活疗试验,处理3个月后病菌有明显好转。
以畜用土霉素液淋根结合施元素、碳肥和杀虫媒的综合防治有较好效果,相对防效为55.62%     

Evaluation of geographic distribution of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in wild and cultivated Triticum species

Variation of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) in 632 wild and cultivated Triticum accessions was investigated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A total of 11 alleles of HMW-GS in diploid species, 22 in tetraploid species, and 15 in hexaploid species were detected. Diploid species on Glu-1A locus and tetraploid species Glu-1B locus showed the highest diversity, respectively. Tetraploid species had the highest level of diversity on three Glu-1 loci, followed by hexaploid and diploid, based on Shannon’s information index, Nei’s genetic diversity, and percentage of polymorphic loci. Molecular variance analysis confirmed main variance of HMW-GS within species, regions, and locations, respectively. Variance among species and regions was enhanced gradually with the increase of ploidy. Significant non-random distributions between the phylogenic trees of HMW-GS and the locations of accessions were tested by GenGIS software, indicated that geographic factors played an important role along the different orientations in the spread of Triticum species. We found one original diversified center in diploid what located around Elazig, Malatya, Gaziantep, Urfa, and Kiziltepe in Turkey, and three diversified centers in tetraploid wheat, including Turkey–Armenia–Georgia–Iran, Portugal–Spain, and Ethiopia, respectively, and two diversified adjacent areas between Turkey and Switzerland and around Turkey, Georgia, and Armenia. The original center of diploid species located in southeast Turkey, where the unexpressed 1Ay subunit was mainly distributed in T. urartu, could be one of the candidate regions of polyploidization of Triticum L. The regional distribution of HMW-GS and species also provided geographic evidences for the existence of founder effect on the spread of Triticum species. The present study suggests that integrating genetic diversity with geographic characterization in Triticum could very useful for collection, conservation, and utilization, as well as for research microevolution and domestication.     

基于随机方法的湖泊水质风险性分析

湖泊水环境是一个受多种不确定性因素限制、参数众多、机理十分复杂的系统,因此将存在对水环境质量破坏的潜在风险。文中以内蒙古乌梁素海为研究对象,应用随机方法对该湖泊水质存在的潜在风险进行了计算,结果表明:温度上升的5,6,7月份,乌梁素海水质超标风险率都超过了20%,按Ⅴ类标准控制的水质超标风险率在40%左右,非突发性环境风险发生的可能性很大,有机污染十分严重,该方法能较好地反映不同时期湖泊水环境质量遭到破坏的潜在风险的变化过程,为湖泊水环境风险的决策和管理工作提供参考依据。     

栽培防病措施对防治小麦白粉病的重要作用

为了解栽培措施对防治小麦白粉病的作用,通过不同栽培措施对病情产生不同影响的大量田间调查,明确了小麦早播、密播,过量水、肥条件下的旺苗和种植高度感病品种,都会加重小麦秋苗带菌量。短期播种、合理密植、视墒灌水、配方施肥、培育小麦壮苗及避免种植高感品种等均能减轻小麦秋苗带菌量。小麦秋苗带菌量大,则翌春病菌越冬菌源量也大。种植高感品种在田间有发病中心的作用。应把栽培防病措施规范化、科学化、制度化,以充分发