Thermal Structure of Jupiter's Upper Atmosphere Derived from the Galileo Probe

Temperatures in Jupiter's atmosphere derived from Galileo Probe deceleration data increase from 109 kelvin at the 175-millibar level to 900 ± 40 kelvin at 1 nanobar, consistent with Voyager remote sensing data. Wavelike oscillations are present at all levels. Vertical wavelengths are 10 to 25 kilometers in the deep isothermal layer, which extends from 12 to 0.003 millibars. Above the 0.003-millibar level, only 90- to 270- kilometer vertical wavelengths survive, suggesting dissipation of wave energy as the probable source of upper atmosphere heating.     

利用SSR分析84个枣品种遗传多样性

利用11对SSR引物对84个枣品种进行分析,共检测到37个多态性位点,PIC值变幅为0.19~0.67,平均为0.48。依照枣原产地将其分为4类,遗传一致度为0.928 6~0.993 5,遗传多样性表现为华北地区华中地区华东地区西北地区,其中华北地区与华东地区的亲缘关系最近。基于UPGMA法聚类分析表明,11对SSR引物可以区分本试验中82.3%的枣品种,其遗传距离为0.00~0.52,均值为0.15,但并没有依照原产地完全区分开。     

天峻地区不同退化草地植被恢复模式探讨

以天峻县阳康艾日盖塘地区退化草地恢复为例,分别选用轻、中、重度-极度三种不同程度退化的草地,采用补播、更新播种两种方式进行恢复治理,实施面积为40hm2。通过三年观察恢复效果较好,为本地区大面积治理退化、沙化草地提供科学依据。     

起垄方式和种植密度对浓香型有机烟叶产量和品质的影响

为探讨浓香型有机烟叶适宜的栽培方法,在河南省叶县浓香型有机烟叶种植基地,通过田间小区随机试验,以纯施化肥处理为对照（CK）,研究了起垄方式（一垄单行和一垄双行）和种植密度（16500株/hm2和20000株/hm2）对有机烟叶产量和品质的影响。结果表明,与纯化肥处理相比,有机烟叶处理产量显著降低,上等烟比例、中上等烟比例和均价显著提高;4个有机烟处理间上等烟比例、中上等烟比例、均价无显著差异,产量和产值以一垄双行＋20000株/hm2处理最高（分别为2351.45 kg/hm2和58621.65元/hm2）,显著高于其他3个处理。与纯化肥处理相比,有机烟叶外观质量、常规化学成分、感官质量显著改善;但4个有机烟处理之间外观质量、常规化学成分无显著差异,烟感官质量方面以一垄双行＋20000株/hm2处理最好,一垄单行＋20000株/hm2处理最差。综合考虑烟农经济效益和烟叶品质,在河南浓香型烟区,有机烟叶栽培以一垄双行＋种植密度20000株/hm2比较合适。     

Gravity Waves in Jupiter's Thermosphere

The Atmosphere Structure Instrument on the Galileo probe detected wavelike temperature fluctuations superimposed on a 700-kelvin temperature increase in Jupiter's thermosphere. These fluctuations are consistent with gravity waves that are viscously damped in the thermosphere. Moreover, heating by these waves can explain the temperature increase measured by the probe. This heating mechanism should be applicable to the thermospheres of the other giant planets and may help solve the long-standing question of the source of their high thermospheric temperatures.