我国禽衣原体病流行情况及防制措施

禽衣原体病(avian chlamydiosis,AC)是由鹦鹉热嗜性衣原体(Chlamydophila psittaci)感染禽类引起的一种接触性传染病。同义名有鹦鹉热、鸟疫,前者指鹦鹉感染的AC;后者主要指鹦鹉以外的鸟类感染的AC。实际上,从鹦鹉及非鹦鹉鸟类分离出的致病性衣原体株可以交叉感染,引起同     

鄱阳湖湿地灰化苔草群落物种多度分布格局沿水分梯度的变化

为揭示鄱阳湖湿地苔草群落的构建机制,选择灰化苔草(Carex cinerascens)群落作为研究对象,通过设立3条样带调查不同水分梯度的群落物种多度,选用断棍模型(BSM)、生态位优先占领模型(NPM)、优势优先模型(DPM)、随机分配模型(RAM)和生态位重叠模型(ONM)5个生态位模型对群落种-多度关系进行拟合,结果表明,1)灰化苔草群落可按土壤水分划分为高湿度、中湿度和低湿度3组,分别对应从湖边、湿地中间和湿地边缘的梯度分布;2)从高到低的水分梯度上,灰化苔草群落的物种数先增加后降低,优势种多度逐渐增加,物种多度分布曲线由相对平缓变为陡峭;3)高湿度灰化苔草群落物种多度分布格局的最佳拟合模型为BSM,中、低湿度的理想模型转变为NPM。研究认为,水分条件的变化是灰化苔草群落物种多度分布格局改变的主因,随着水分梯度降低,群落构建的生态学过程由随机生态位变为生态位优先占领。研究为鄱阳湖湿地多样性保育和生态功能管理提供了理论参考。     

引进动物检疫备案管理的实践与思考

输入性动物疫情已成为当前甚至今后一段时期困绕国内动物疫病防控的一大难点热点问题,为应对输入性动物疫情的发生,重庆市武隆县实施了引进畜禽审批这一检疫管理措施,并在全市推广应用,取得了良好效果,。     

2019年江苏省兽医系统实验室检测能力比对

为进一步提高兽医系统实验室检测能力,江苏省动物疫病预防控制中心组织实施了2019年度全省兽医系统实验室检测能力比对,共有12个市级、65个县级实验室参加,样品正确率分别为100%、99.17%,实验室正确率分别为100%、92.31%。结果表明:参加比对的实验室均具备正常开展主要动物疫病监测和检测的能力与条件,但有个别县级实验室的个别比对项目检测值出现较大偏差。这提示应进一步重视实验室检测能力比对工作,加强实验室管理体系建设,全面提升兽医系统实验室管理和运行水平。     

Tilmicosin enteric granules and premix to pigs: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and comparative pharmacokinetics

The purpose of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of tilmicosin enteric granules and premix after oral administration at a dose of 40 mg/kg in pigs. Three kinds of different respiratory pathogens were selected for determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) to tilmicosin. Eight healthy pigs were assigned to a two‐period, randomized crossover design. A modified rapid, sensitive HPLC method was used for determining the concentrations of tilmicosin in plasma. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by using WinNonlin 5.2 software. The MIC₉₀ of tilmicosin against Haemophilus parasuis, Actinbacillus pleuropneumoniae, and Pasteurella multocida were all 8 μg/ml. These results indicated that these common pig respiratory bacteria are sensitive to tilmicosin. The main parameters of time to reach maximum plasma concentration (T_max), elimination half‐life (t_1/2β), mean residence time (MRT), and apparent volume of distribution (V_F) were 2.03 ± 0.37 hr, 29.31 ± 5.56 hr, 25.22 ± 2.57 hr, 4.06 ± 1.04 L/kg, and 3.05 ± 0.08 hr, 17.06 ± 1.77 hr, 15.55 ± 1.37 hr, 2.95 ± 0.62 L/kg after the orally administrated tilmicosin enteric granules and premix. The relative bioavailability of tilmicosin enteric granules to premix was 114.97 ± 7.19%, according to the AUC_0‐t values. These results demonstrated that tilmicosin enteric granules produced faster tilmicosin absorption, slower elimination, larger tissue distribution, and higher bioavailability compared to the tilmicosin premix. The present study results manifest that tilmicosin enteric granules can be used as a therapeutic alternative to premix in clinical treatment.     

越南禽流感暴发原因的调查分析

自2004年下半年以来，越南暴发的禽流感严重打击了国内的养禽业有相关企业。越南与我国广东省毗邻，与海南隔海相望，其气候特点与我国广东，广西，云南，海南等省区相似。虽说其畜牧业的发展水平与我国整体有一定差距，但与我国畜牧业相对落后地区相近，作者从越南的地理位置，气候特点，养殖规模与品种，饲养水平与防疫，饲料应用，产品流通，从业者的防疫意识，政府对畜牧业的监管及疫病发生处理措施几个方面，对此次禽流感疫情进行了全面系统分析，对我国禽流感的防制工作很有借鉴意义的。     

秦川牛近交与近交衰退的分析

本文分析了陕西省秦川牛场秦川牛群近交及其对初生重、断奶重及哺乳期成活率的影响,并采用标准群体遗传学模型分析了秦川牛的致死当量。研究发现,30多年来秦川牛群平均近交系数呈明显的上升趋势,而且近交对成活率、初生重及断奶重均有一定危害;秦川牛群体的隐性有害基因含量较少,平均每个个体约携带2.05个致死当量。     

03-05年福州地区PCV2的流行病学调查

我国从2000年至今,在上海、湖南、河南、湖北、江西、浙江、黑龙江等地陆续报道存在PCV2的血清学阳性,总阳性率在40%-80%。可见该病毒在国内普遍感染。本文就福州地区2003年至2005年八个县(市、区)规模化猪场PCV2的血清学、病原学、临床症状进行调查,现报告如下。1血清学调查1.1样品来源:2003年到2005年本地区八个县(市、区)41个猪场1171份血清。1.2检测方法:酶联免疫吸附试验。1.3诊断试剂:猪圆环病毒病酶联免疫诊断试剂盒,购自华中农业大学动物学院动物病毒室,批号分别为20031015、20040517、200507。1.4操作方法:见试剂盒内的说明。1.…     

Pharmacokinetics of sodium baicalin following intravenous and intramuscular administration to piglets

The purpose of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of baicalin after intravenous and intramuscular administration of sodium baicalin at 50 mg/kg to piglets. Plasma baicalin levels were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The plasma concentration–time data of baicalin for both administration routes were best described by two‐compartmental open model. The area under the plasma concentration–time curve and the elimination half‐lives were 77.47 ± 6.14 µg/ml × h and 1.73 ± 0.16 hr for intravenous and 64.85 ± 5.67 µg/ml × h and 2.42 ± 0.15 hr for intramuscular administration, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution and body clearance were 1.63 ± 0.23 L/kg and 2.74 ± 0.30 L h^?1 kg^?1 for intravenous and 0.51 ± 0.10 L/kg and 0.78 ± 0.08 L h^?1 kg^?1 for intramuscular routes, respectively. An intramuscular injection of sodium baicalin in piglets resulted in rapid and complete absorption, with a mean maximal plasma concentration of 77.28 ± 7.40 µg/ml at 0.17 hr and a high absolute bioavailability of 83.73 ± 5.53%.