化州市化橘红种质资源主成分分析和聚类分析

应用主成分分析和聚类分析,从宏观和微观2个层面分析鉴别化橘红种质资源,以期为化橘红种质资源的鉴定、评价、保护、开发和利用提供参考依据.利用SPSS 19.0对化橘红种质资源17项主要植物学数量性状指标和6项理化指标进行变异性和主成分分析,采用MEGA7对SNP结果进行聚类分析.研究发现,不同化橘红种质资源在有效成分、花...     

Effects of music stimulus on behavior response,cortisol level,and horizontal immunity of growing pigs

An enriched environment is widely used to improve domestic animals’ welfare and promote their natural behaviors. Music can reduce abnormal behavior in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents. However, little is known about the effects of music on pigs. This study aims to explore the effects of repeated music stimulation on the behavior, physiology, and immunity of growing pigs. A total of 72 hybrid piglets (Large White × Duroc × Minpig) were randomly divided into three groups, including music (Mozart K.448, 60 to 70 dB), noise (recorded mechanical noise, 80 to 85 dB), and control (natural background sound, <40 dB), and 6 h sound stimulation was given per day (1000 to 1600 hours) from 40 to 100 d of age. The behavioral activities of the pigs were observed during the music stimulation, and their serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, and serum immune indices were also measured. Compared with the control group, the music group and noise group increased activity but decreased lying of pigs (P < 0.05). A significant increase in tail-wagging, playing, and exploring behaviors of pigs was found in the music group (P < 0.05), and the noise significantly increased the aggressive behavior of the pigs (P < 0.05). Tail-wagging, playing, exploring, manipulating, and aggressive behaviors decreased over time. Short-term (8 d) music stimulus had a lower cortisol level than that of the noise and control groups (P < 0.05), whereas long-term (60 d) music stimulus increased immunoglobulin G (IgG), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels (P < 0.05) and decreased interleukin-4 (IL-4) level (P < 0.05). Long-term noise stimulus significantly reduced the level of IgG (P < 0.05) but did not affect the level of IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ levels (P > 0.05). In conclusion, short-term music stimulus (8 d) reduced the stress response, whereas long-term music stimulus (60 d) enhanced the immune responses. In addition, the noise increased the aggressive behavior, and long-term noise reduced the immunity of the growing pigs.     

Role of IFNLR1 gene in PRRSV infection of PAM cells

BackgroundInterferon lambda receptor 1 (IFNLR1) is a type II cytokine receptor that clings to interleukins IL-28A, IL29B, and IL-29 referred to as type III IFNs (IFN-λs). IFN-λs act through the JAK-STAT signaling pathway to exert antiviral effects related to preventing and curing an infection. Although the immune function of IFN-λs in virus invasion has been described, the molecular mechanism of IFNLR1 in that process is unclear.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of IFNLR1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).MethodsThe effects of IFNLR1 on the proliferation of porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) during PRRSV infection were investigated using interference and overexpression methods.ResultsIn this study, the expressions of the IFNLR1 gene in the liver, large intestine, small intestine, kidney, and lung tissues of Dapulian pigs were significantly higher than those in Landrace pigs. It was determined that porcine IFNLR1 overexpression suppresses PRRSV replication. The qRT-PCR results revealed that overexpression of IFNLR1 upregulated antiviral and IFN-stimulated genes. IFNLR1 overexpression inhibits the proliferation of PAMs and upregulation of p-STAT1. By contrast, knockdown of IFNLR1 expression promotes PAMs proliferation. The G0/G1 phase proportion in IFNLR1-overexpressing cells increased, and the opposite change was observed in IFNLR1-underexpressing cells. After inhibition of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, the G2/M phase proportion in the IFNLR1-overexpressing cells showed a significant increasing trend. In conclusion, overexpression of IFNLR1 induces activation of the JAK/STAT pathway, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of PAMs infected with PRRSV.ConclusionExpression of the IFNLR1 gene has an important regulatory role in PRRSV-infected PAMs, indicating it has potential as a molecular target in developing a new strategy for the treatment of PRRSV.     

Three SNPs within exons of INHA and ACVR2B genes are significantly associated with litter size in Dazu black goats

The aim of this study was to analyse the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms within INHA and ACVR2B and litter size in Dazu black goats. In total, twenty-two SNPs were genotyped in 190 individuals by SNaPshot and resequencing. The results showed that three SNPs (SNP_1, SNP_12 and SNP_13 in this study) were detected to have significant additive genetic effect on the recorded goat litter size (p < .05). The SNP_1 (NC_030809.1), a non-synonymous substitution of G for T at chr2-g. 28314990 in the exon 2 of INHA gene (NM_001285606.1), resulted in homozygote 2 (HOM2) contributed 0.25 and heterozygote (HET) contributed 0.12 larger litter than homozygote 1 (HOM1). Meanwhile, SNP_12 (Chr22-g. 11721225 A > T) and SNP_13 (Chr22-g. 11721227 A > C) (NC_030829.1) simultaneously mutated at the first and third position of a triplet AAA (lysine, K) in the exon 4 of ACVR2B gene (XM_018066623.1) had estimated genetic effects of HOM1 (0.00) and HOM2 (0.03) larger than HET (−0.12). In conclusion, one SNPs (chr2-g. 28314990 T > G) within the exon 2 of INHA and two SNPs (Chr22-g. 11721225 A > T and Chr22-g. 11721227 A > C) i n the exon 4 of ACVR2B gene were highly recommended as candidate markers of litter size in Dazu black goats. A large-scale association study to assess the impact of these variants on litter size is still necessary.     

UV固化水性漆地板的开发

为了开发UV固化水性漆地板，在分析当前水性漆地板存在问题的基础上，有针对性地提出解决措施，包括水性漆筛选、地板用树种筛选、涂装工艺优化等。以优化工艺制备的水性漆地板试样，按LY/T 1859—2009《仿古木质地板》和Q/YFL 0035—2018《水性光固化（UV）漆木地板》进行性能测试，其表面耐磨≤0.15 g/100r，漆膜硬度≥H；漆膜附着力1级~2级；TVOC≤200 ug/m3。     

Pharmacokinetics of doxycycline in tilapia (Oreochromis aureus × Oreochromis niloticus) after intravenous and oral administration

The pharmacokinetics of doxycycline was studied in plasma after a single dose (20 mg/kg) of intravenous or oral administration to tilapia (Oreochromis aureus × Oreochromis niloticus) reared in fresh water at 24 °C. Plasma samples were collected from six fish per sampling point. Doxycycline concentrations were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography with a 0.005 μg/mL limit of detection, then were subjected to noncompartmental analysis. Following oral administration, the double‐peak phenomenon was observed, and the first (C_max1) and second (C_max2) peaks were 1.99 ± 0.43 μg/mL at 2.0 h and 2.27 ± 0.38 μg/mL at 24.0 h, respectively. After the intravenous injection, a C_max2 (12.12 ± 1.97 μg/mL) was also observed, and initial concentration of 45.76 μg/mL, apparent elimination rate constant (λ_z) of 0.018 per h, apparent elimination half‐life (t_1/2λz) of 39.0 h, systemic total body clearance (Cl) of 41.28 mL/h/kg, volume of distribution (Vz) of 2323.21 mL/kg, and volume of distribution at steady‐state (Vss) of 1356.69 mL/kg were determined, respectively. While after oral administration, the λ_z, t_1/2λz, and bioavailability of doxycycline were 0.009 per h, 77.2 h, and 23.41%, respectively. It was shown that doxycycline was relatively slowly and incompletely absorbed, extensively distributed, and slowly eliminated in tilapia, in addition, doxycycline might undergo enterohepatic recycling in tilapia.     

叶面喷施不同浓度木醋液对棉花产量和光合利用效率的影响

本文旨在研究叶面喷施不同浓度木醋液对棉花生长和产量的影响。采用随机区组田间试验，设计0.00%（清水对照）、0.25%、0.50%、1.00%和2.00% 5个木醋液浓度。测定棉花生长指标、冠层光谱、叶绿体荧光、光合效率等指标，通过冗余分析（Redundancy analysis，RDA）和结构方程模型（Structural equation modeling，SEM）分析木醋液和所测定指标的关系，并拟合木醋液浓度和棉花产量方程，估算产量峰值所对应的木醋液浓度。结果表明，相较于对照，1.00%处理的效果最好，籽棉产量增加15.6%，红边归一化植被指数（NDVI₇₀₅）增加47.2%，最大量子产率（F_v/F_m）和反应中心的性能指数（PI_abs）分别增加10%和205.5%，净光合速率增加24.2%，其次是0.50%和2.00%处理。通过拟合木醋液浓度和棉花产量方程得知棉花产量随着木醋液浓度的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势，在叶面喷施1.22%浓度的木醋液的情况下可获得最高产量。相较于2.00%处理，1.00%处理更接近于施用1.22%浓度的木醋液，所以推荐在实际生产中采用叶面喷施1.00%浓度的木醋液以提高棉花产量。     

非对称椭圆变分不等式多重网格法的收敛性

The multigrid method is an efficient numerical iteration algorithm for solving elliptic variational problems. This algorithm is applied in this paper to solve asymmetric elliptic variational inequalities. Its convergence properties are discussed and prove     

食用真菌线粒体基因组的研究进展

本文综述了近年来国内外对食用真菌线粒体DNA(mt DNA)大小、形态及结构的研究,对线粒体基因组遗传及同源性的分析及对线粒体中类质粒 DNA 的探讨结果。并评价了这些研究结果的意义及应用前景。