北方农牧交错带种植业能值分析 ——以武川县为例

应用能值理论从农户生产的角度分析了武川县种植业不同作物生产能值。结果表明：该县种植业生产系统能值投入率与产出率“双低”，应增加系统投入以提高产出水平；系统环境负荷率不高，不可更新环境资源破坏严重，应提高可更新环境资源利用效率、加强水土保持工作；辅助能值投入中有机能值略高于无机能值，应按适当比例增加辅助能值投入以提高系统生态经济效益，粮食产出能值中玉米、油菜所占比重高，系统结构调整应遵循生态经济原则，压缩马铃薯面积、提高玉米、油菜等作物播种面积。     

植物对磷饥饿的反应研究进展

磷是构成生命的重要元素之一,也是土壤中有效性最低的一种营养元素。我国是世界上最大的小麦生产国。但是我国耕地中有59%的土壤缺磷。农作物的产量常受到缺磷的影响而受损。土壤缺磷并不是土壤中总磷量低,而是土壤中可供植物直接吸收利用的有效态磷含量低。植物在磷饥饿时会发生各种各样的变化,以尽最大可能满足自身对磷的需求。植物对缺磷的反应是一个复杂的网络过程。大约有100多个基因参与了植物对缺磷的反应。其中主要的有磷转运蛋白基因、核糖核酸酶基因、磷酸酶基因等。植物在吸收外界的磷的过程中磷转运蛋白发挥了重要作用。植物磷转运蛋白基因按照序列相似性可以划分为H+/Pi共转运家族(Pht1家族)和Na+/Pi共转运家族(Pht2家族)。按照吸收动力学的标准可以分为高亲和力磷转运蛋白和低亲和力磷转运蛋白两种。磷饥饿时植物对磷吸收能力的增强的原因之一是增加了磷转运蛋白分子的合成数目。目前尽管人们对植物吸收磷的理解已经有了长足的进步,但是在植物对磷的具体调控机制、磷的跨液泡膜运输等重要方面仍然没有明确的结果。     

Nonlinearity of Electronic Throttle and Its Control

This paper introduces the development of the electronic throttle control system (ETCS) , the structure and the principle of the system are also involved. After analyzing the nonlinearity problem existing in the mechanical structure of the system, a mathematical model of the ETCS is built up. Then three controllers (PID controller, Fuzzy controller, sliding mode controller) were designed and simulated in the matlab simulink. The result indicates that the PID controller has an overshoot,but the Fuzzy controller and the sliding mode controller can settle the nonlinearity problem better.     

STATE VARIABLE METHOD FOR DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF HVDC SYSTEMS

A flexible mathematical model used for dynamic simulation studies of HVDC systems which is based on the stale variable method is presented, and the correspongding computer program has been implemented. Generality, easy to use, and suitable to run on microcomputers are the main features of the model and the computer program. Therefore the model is easy to be extended for application. An example is given in the paper to verily the coneclness of the model and the program.     

DIGITAL POWER SYSTEM STABILIZER ( DPSS )

A digital power system stabilizer ( DPSS ) and its design method are presented in this paper. The mathematical model of a single machine infinite bus power system is obtained using off-line parameter identifications, and on the base of the identified model the control system is synthesized by generalized minimum variance control principles. Through feedback combination of several signals this control system has double functions of damping low frequency oscillation and automatic voltage regulating. In order to avoid static errors the very effective way is to combine discrete generalized minimum variance control with continuous integral control. Besides the proposed control strategy is very simple in structures and very easy to realize. Simulation results under several cases have shown the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.     

A MULTI -OBJECTIVE FUZZY DECISION -MAKING APPROACH FOR POWER NETWORK PLANNING UNDER UNCERTAINTY

This paper proposes a multi - objective fuzzy decision - making approach for power network planning under uncertainty ,which simutaneously considers not only the least investment cost,the minimum power loss,the maximum reliability,and the least environmental impacts, but also the uncertainty about the future load growth and the capital investment availability. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach is verified with numerical examples.     

Study on Dynamical Characteristic of Epicyclic Gear Drive with Internal Tooth

The epicyclic gear drive with internal tooth is analysed,a dynamic analysis model which is based on the compatibility conditions of deformation is set up.On the basis of this model,the analysis of dynamics and kinematics is made,and the influence of design parameters on dynamical characteristic is also studied.     

加快洞庭湖区农机化发展 促进社会主义新农村建设

建设社会主义新农村是我党今后很长一段时期的重大历史任务。新农村建设使洞庭湖区农机化获得了发展良机,而农机化在新农村建设中的地位和作用显著,本文从湖南洞庭湖区新农村建设的要求出发,提出了大力推广水稻生产全程机械化技术,以促进洞庭湖区农村生产发展、农民生活宽裕;坚持依法行政,保障农机安全生产,以促进农村社会和谐,乡风文明;抓好农机部门自身建设,以适应社会主义新农村建设的需求等几项措施。