氮肥运筹对弱筋小麦群体指标与产量和品质形成的影响

以弱筋小麦品种扬麦9号和宁麦9号为材，研究了不同施氮水平及基追比对群体指标、产量和品质的影响。结果表明，孕穗期叶面积指数（LAI）随施氮量的增加而提高；小麦籽粒产量及成熟期生物产量、花后干物质积累量与施氮量均呈二次曲线关系；籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量与施氮量呈极显著正相关。增加后期追氮比例及同比例2次追氮均提高了成熟期生物产量、花后干物质积累量、茎蘖成穗率、孕穗期LAI、籽粒产量、蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量。花后干物质积累量、成熟期生物产量、成穗数、茎蘖成穗率与产量呈显著或极显著正相关，拔节期、孕穗期、开花期和灌浆期LAI与产量呈显著或极显著二次曲线关系。弱筋小麦实现优质和产量7 000 kg hm^-2的氮肥运筹技术以施氮量200 kg hm^-2和基肥∶拔节肥∶孕穗肥为7∶2∶1，其高产优质协调的关键群体调控指标，最适LAI为6.9，花后干物质积累量和成熟期生物产量分别为5 300和16 500 kg hm^-2，成穗数为466×104 hm^-2，茎蘖成穗率为50%。     

An Evaluating Method of Human Resource Value Based on Rough Set

As the development of knowledge economic , human resource has been the core of the world economic .So searching the reasonable evaluating and managing methods becomes one of the hot issues which have been concerned by people . Traditional evaluating methods of human resource are simple and direct , but they greatly depend on people's subjective judgement and experience . In order to overcome the default , this paper puts forward the method of synthetically evaluation on rough sets, which takes advantage of the rough sets theory, the concept of information entropy and relative analysis to filter the original indexes, then to standardize the importance degree of every index and get the weight of every index. Synthetically valuation model and corresponding arithmetic are summed up. Finally the sample illuminates the validity and feasibility of this method.     

Design and Optimization of VVT System Parameters for Motorcycle Engine

An original variable valve timing mechanism with two-mode intake timing was developed according to the structural characteristics of small medium displacement motorcycle engine. Based on cycle simulation, the effects of the VVT mechanism structural parameters, control parameters and operational parameters on the engine performance were analyzed by embedding the VVT mechanism operational mode and control strategies in the engine cycle simulation. Optimum design for the late intake valve closing, the valve lift, as well as the switching speed of the VVT system was carried out. It has been proved that power and torque of the JH125 motorcycle engine can be effectively improved by loading the new type VVT system.     

粮食粉爆事故分析与安全评估方法

通过对近20年来我国部分省市发生的重大粮食粉尘爆炸事故的分析，提出了防止粉尘爆炸的安全评价方法。     

大豆光合午休原因的分析

研究了大豆光合午休过程中有关生理生态因素与光合速率的函数关系，并对叶温、叶片-大气水汽压亏缺（VPD）、气孔导度与光合速率之间的关系进行了通径分析。结果表明在光合午休的13：00时与15：00时这两个时刻，光合速率与VPD、叶温和气孔阻力呈极显著负相关，15：00时光合速率随VPD和叶温上升而下降的速率要大于13：00时的下     

安徽省油菜菌核病菌对多菌灵的抗药性监测

从安徽省望江、合肥、太湖、巢湖、蒙城、凤阳、灵壁、肥西、宣城、旌德等10个市县的油菜病茎上分离得到60个油菜菌核病菌菌株，并对其进行了抗药性监测。结果表明，有18株对多菌灵表现出不同程度的抗药性，上述各地均有抗药性菌株分布，但所占的比例不一，以蒙城系列（MCS）监测到的抗药性个体比例所占比例最大（66.7%），太湖（THS）最小（9.1%），但监测到THS-1对多菌灵的抗药性最强，高达743.8347mg/L。结果提示安徽省各地油菜菌核病菌已经对多菌灵产生了抗药性，且个别菌株已达到极高水平。     

麻疯树PIN基因家族的鉴定与生物信息学分析

PIN基因家族是一类调控植物生长素极性运输的重要载体元件。本研究利用功能已知的拟南芥PIN蛋白家族为参考序列,在麻疯树全基因组数据中共鉴定出9条PIN基因,并针对9条JcPIN基因开展系统的生物信息学研究,开展进化树构建和基序分析以及基因表达研究和密码子偏好性解析。结果发现:9条麻疯树PIN蛋白多属于由碱性氨基酸组成的稳定蛋白,均为位于细胞质膜上的非分泌蛋白;蛋白家族含有保守的N末端结构域,二级结构与拟南芥PIN蛋白相似;进化结果表明麻疯树PIN基因与毛果杨PIN基因家族关系最近;表达分析发现了4个可信度较高的麻疯树PIN基因,密码子偏好性分析确定了13个高频密码子,揭示了异源表达JcPIN时需要改造的密码子。研究结果可为将来开展麻疯树PIN基因家族的功能研究奠定重要基础,也为麻疯树其他基因家族和其他拥有大量数据的植物基因家族研究提供参考。     

温室作物叶-气系统水流阻力研究初探

温室作物叶-气系统水流阻力的确定对计算作物蒸腾量、制定温室作物灌溉制度以及调控温室小气候具有重要意义,但测量难度较大。该文通过对温室作物周围环境微气象条件的连续观测，计算分析了温室作物叶-气系统水流阻力各分项即叶片周围层流副层边界层阻力(r_b)、冠层上方湍流边界层阻力(r_g)、空气动力学阻力(r_e)和叶片气孔阻力(r_i)的变化规律。结果表明：温室内r_b比较稳定，平均约235 s/m，且与环境因素关系不甚密切；温室内黄瓜、西红柿类植物生殖生长期r_g<b，在计算r_e时，r_g的影响可忽略，取r_e≈r_b；利用基于能量平衡方程和空气动力学方程得出的叶-气温差计算公式计算得到r_i，符合其变化的一般规律；在此基础上计算了温室黄瓜的蒸腾速率，与实测值的一致性较好。     

中国黄土高原黄土-古土壤序列的红度对古气候的指示意义

Comparisons of red ratings (RR) with Fe_d, Fe_d/Fe_t, clay content, and magnetic susceptibility (x) of two loess-paleosol sequences at Luochuan and Lingtai on China's Loess Plateau were conducted to study the possible relationship between RR and pedogenic degrees of the two loess-paleosol sequences, and to discuss whether the RR could become new paleo-climatic indicators. Results showed that the RR of the two loess-paleosol sequences had positive, highly significant (P < 0.01) correlations with: 1) citrate-bicarbonate-dithionite (CBD) extracted iron (Fe_d), 2) ratios of CBD extracted iron to total iron (Fe_d/Fe_t), 3) clay (< 2 μm), and 4) magnetic susceptibility (x). This suggested that the RR of these loess-paleosol sequences could indicate degrees of loess weathering and pedogenesis and were potential paleo-climatic proxies. The strong correlations of RR to Fe_d and x also implied that during pedogenic processes, pedogenic hematite in loess and paleosols were closely related to the amount of total secondary iron oxides and pedogenic ferrimagnetic minerals (predominantly maghemite).     

连续流动式粮食干燥机的仿人智能控制器

基于经验模型的经典控制方法和现代控制方法不适合应用于多变量、大滞后和非线性粮食干燥过程。为提高粮食干燥的产品品质，根据连续流动式粮食干燥机的工况特点，研制了一种用于连续流动式干燥机的仿人智能控制器。该控制器包括运行控制级和参数校正级，可对出粮水分进行控制。应用MATLAB对连续干燥机的仿真试验表明，该控制器在超调量、上升时间和调节时间等指标都比常规PID控制有明显改善，对纯滞后时间的变化适应能力强，为干燥机控制系统的设计与实现提供了理论依据。