不同干燥方法对牡丹草化学成分及抗氧化活性的影响

以牡丹草为试材,采用晒干、阴干、硅胶干燥等方法进行干燥处理,通过紫外可见分光光度法测定各样品中总皂苷、总黄酮及多糖含量,研究不同干燥处理方法对牡丹草化学成分的影响,并以清除DPPH自由基(DPPH·)、ABTS自由基(ABTS+·)、羟基自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子(O2·-)等多种抗氧化能力为指标,评价不同干燥方法处理后各牡丹草样品的抗氧化活性,同时结合Pearson相关性分析,探讨各样品抗氧化能力与样品中总皂苷、总黄酮及多糖含量的关系,进一步研究不同干燥处理方法对牡丹草抗氧化活性的影响,以期为牡丹草药材的炮制加工提供参考依据.结果 表明.70℃干燥处理后的牡丹草总黄酮、总皂苷和多糖含量最高,分别为0.0098、0.0088、0.0147 g·g-1,所测定的5种抗氧化指标中,70℃干燥处理后的牡丹草药材对O2·-、ABTS+·清除能力最强,IC50分别为4.981、3.543g·L-1;真空冷冻干燥处理后的牡丹草药材对DPPH·、·OH清除能力最强,其IC50分别为3.358、4.336 g·L-1;70℃干燥处理后的牡丹草药材总还原能力最强.通过Pearson相关性分析结果可知,牡丹草药材中的总皂苷及总黄酮含量与抗氧化能力存在显著相关性(P＜0.05).     

生根处理和扦插时间对杉木容器扦插育苗效果的影响

以通过审定的广西杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)良种为扦插材料,探讨不同的生根处理方法和扦插月份对扦插生根效果及成活率的影响。结果表明:使用生根剂处理的穗条,其生根率、成活率、根系数量及整齐度均极显著高于对照,ABT1和IBA处理的穗条根系萌发最快,根系萌发时间均为22 d,比对照提前13 d;ABT1处理的穗条生根率(97.8%)和平均根系数(4.2)最高,整齐度最好,其次为IBA;ABT1、IBA和NAA处理的穗条成活率分别为97.8%、97.2%和93.1%,对照成活率为81.5%;杉木扦插苗培育的最佳扦插时间为3~5月。     

施肥量对泰兴香荷芋生长及产量效益的影响

通过对泰兴香荷芋施肥量研究,考查了各处理主要生育期的苗情与长势、成熟期子孙芋产量及商品芋产值效益。结果显示:基施腐熟脱水猪粪15t·hm-2,苗期追施(3.1叶)脱水猪粪15t·hm-2+13-10-18高钾复合肥675kg·hm-2的处理子孙芋产量最高为23 421.90kg·hm-2,商品芋效益为88 506.60元·hm-2;基施有机肥7 500kg·hm-2+苗期追施(3.1叶)有机肥7 500kg·hm-2+13-10-18高钾复合肥450kg·hm-2+膨大肥(8.1叶)13-10-18高钾复合肥900kg·hm-2的处理产量相对较高。     

基于S基因序列分析新型猪流行性腹泻病毒的遗传演化

最近，笔者实验室在青藏高原地区发现两种新亚型藏猪源猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV），为进一步调查新型PEDV是否在四川腹泻猪群中存在或流行，对实验室2018-2019年保存的116份猪腹泻粪便或肠组织样本进行PEDV的检测及其纤突蛋白基因（spike）分子特征研究。结果表明：腹泻样本的PEDV检出率为42.2%（49/116，95% CI=33.1%~51.8%），并获得了13条完整的S基因序列，全长为4 149~4 170 bp，序列相似性为94.2%~99.9%，其中SWUN-H3-CH-SCYA-2019的S基因与藏猪源新G1亚群PEDV的序列相似性高达97.0%~98.6%。遗传演化研究结果表明13株PEDV S基因划分为G1和G2大群，其中SWUN-H3-CH-SCYA-2019位于藏猪源新G1亚群；SWUN-19-CH-SCZY-2018、SWUN-4-CH-SCXC-2018、SWUN-1-CH-SCNJ-2019和SWUN-3CH-CH-SCZG-2019位于G2亚群中一个独立的分支，且与藏猪源新G2亚群毒株有着较近的亲缘关系。为了进一步研究13株PEDV的演化过程，以贝叶斯进化分析软件包（BEAST）进行分歧时间估算，结果表明SWUN-H3-CH-SCYA-2019的分歧时间约为2012.3年，早于藏猪源新G1亚群其余毒株的最早分歧时间（2015.7年）；SWUN-4-CH-SCXC-2018、SWUN-19-CH-SCZY-2018和SWUN-3CH-CH-SCZG-2019的分歧时间约为2014.2年，早于G2亚群的藏猪源毒株2014.7年，所有藏猪源PEDV的分歧时间均晚于四川毒株。本研究在四川地区首次发现了藏猪源PEDV，并且从毒株的分歧时间推断青藏高原的藏猪源PEDV来源于四川，为新型PEDV分子遗传进化的监测提供了依据。     

黔育1号菊苣与紫花苜蓿、鸭茅间作栽培效果研究

依据贵州省松桃县的气候特点和牧草种植需要,用黔育1号菊苣与北林202紫花苜蓿、黔草4号鸭茅分别进行间作试验,从产量、营养品质、生产效益等方面对间作复合群体与3种牧草单播进行比较分析,探讨黔育1号菊苣与不同牧草间作种植模式的增产效益。结果表明,在贵州松桃地区,黔育1号菊苣+北林202紫花苜蓿间作,年均鲜草产量可达87.27 t/hm²,比紫花苜蓿单播产量增加36.17%,生产效益提高20.77%,粗蛋白含量达26.83%。该研究结果可为松桃县种草养畜产业的发展提供技术支撑。     

不同厂家阿胶及动物皮胶中四种阴离子含量的测定

通过离子交换色谱法,建立不同厂家阿胶及动物皮胶中Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-、PO_4~(3-)4种阴离子的测定方法。结果表明,4种阴离子分离效果良好,Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)、NO_3~-、PO_4~(3-)分别在0.000 922～0.023 1、0.001 09～0.027 3、0.000 167～0.004 18、0.000 314～0.007 86 mg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率在98.7%～101.0%。该测定方法结果准确、灵敏、可靠,重现性较好,可用于阿胶及动物皮胶中4种阴离子含量的测定。     

Infections Investigation of ALV and REV in Guangxi Local Poultry Breeds and Sequence Analysis of gp85 Gene of ALV Isolates

In order to investigate the infection status of avian leukosis virus (ALV) and avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) in the major local breeds of Qinzhou,Guangxi,totally 953 samples of egg white,cloaca swab and serum of Ma duck,Shitou goose,Tiejiao-Ma chicken,turkey and pigeon were collected from the representing flocks and detected by the commercial ELISA kits.ALV was isolated for the ALV p27 positive samples by culturing on DF-1 cells,and gp85 gene was sequenced.The results showed that the detections of ALV were negative in the samples except those of Tiejiao-Ma chicken,while REV antibody was found positive in Ma duck,Tiejiao-Ma chicken and turkey.The nucleotide sequences of gp85 gene of two isolates shared 94.5% identity with each other,and shared 86.9% to 94.9% with reference strains.The amino acid sequences of gp85 gene of two isolates shared 91.5% identity with each other,and shared 84.0% to 91.6% with reference strains.There were many variable sites in the hyper variable region hr1 and hr2,and the vr2 and vr3 variable regions were relatively conservative.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the two isolates shared the highest homology with SCAU11-XG strain.     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Buffalo Keap1 Gene and Investigation of Its Expression Pattern in Different Tissues

In this study,the CDS sequence of buffalo Keap1 gene was cloned and analyzed,then its expression pattern in different tissues was also investigated.A pair of primers of buffalo Keap1 gene was designed based on the nucleotide sequence of Bos taurus Keap1 gene from GenBank,and then the buffalo Keap1 gene was amplified.Using the bioinformation techniques,the gene sequence and the protein structure were analyzed.The expression level of Keap1 gene in different tissues were detected with Real-time quantitative PCR.The results showed that the length of buffalo Keap1 gene coding sequence was 1 875 bp and encoded 624 amino acids.The multiple sequence alignment results showed that buffalo Keap1 gene shared 99%,96%,92% and 90% of similar nucleotide sequence with that of Bos taurus,Ovis aries,Sus scrofa and Homo sapiens,respectively.And the phyogenetic tree also showed the conservatism between several different species.The second structure of buffalo Keap1 protein was predicted as 24 alpha regions,40 beta regions,38 turn regions and 27 coil regions.In addition,the results of Real-time quantitative PCR showed that Keap1 mRNA exists in all seven tissues,but the most abundant expression was in heart and the minimal expression was in liver and spleen.The results provided an foundation for further study of Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signal pathway,for enhancing the ability of antioxidant of buffalo embryo in vitro culture.     

汉中市耐寒桉树引种繁殖试验

桉树是目前世界上发展最快的短轮伐期工业原料林树种,但多数不耐寒,适宜在热带和亚热带地区发展。为了扩大其北移引种,从四川省林科院引种耐寒品种开展抗寒、抗逆性研究,初步能在汉中安全越冬。本文以邓恩桉全光喷雾嫩枝扦插试验为例,介绍了耐寒桉树繁殖技术。试验采用4种基质、吲哚丁酸3个处理、1个对照、3个重复,结果表明:扦插不同基质处理以珍珠岩∶腐质土(4∶6)最好,吲哚丁酸不同浓度处理间差异不显著,以浓度1 000mg·L-1最好,平均生根率最高达70.83%。