蒙古马基因组拷贝数变异的研究

拷贝数变异(copy number variation,CNV)在人类和动物基因组中普遍存在,是重要的遗传变异资源.本试验利用比较基因组杂交(comparative genomic hybridization,CGH)芯片对2匹蒙古马和1匹纯血马进行全基因组CNV检测,共检测到210个CNVs,长度6 109 bp至571.87 kb,平均值为37.81 kb,中值为14.45 kb.合并重叠的CNVs,共检测到70个CNV区域(CNV region,CNVR),大小从6 151 bp至573.59 kb,平均值和中值分别为38.93和14.45 kb,总长度为6.19 Mb.经CNV基因注释和功能分析发现,大部分基因与嗅觉受体活性、嗅觉感官知觉、化学刺激的感官知觉、识别和嗅觉传导等功能相关.对5个CNVRs进行qPCR检验,83.33%的qPCR结果与CGH芯片结果一致.通过对蒙古马基因组拷贝数变异的研究,证明CNV在马基因组中普遍存在,为揭示马基因组CNV与重要生物性状的关联性及品种改良奠定了基础.     

Study on Nutritional Characteristics of Cottonseed Hull as a Feed of Sheep

In this paper through digestive and metabolic experiments studied the voluntary intake and apparent digestibility of cottonseed hulls (kernel-contained CH,kernel-free CH) and cornstalk on sheep to evaluate the nutrition value and digestion characteristics of cottonseed hulls.12 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into two groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,fed with kernel-free CH by 400 (group 1) or 800 (group 2) g/(head·day) respectively,to estimate the digestibility of CH by difference method;As well,another 18 of adult Xinjiang merino rams were selected and divided into three groups (n=6 each group),and on the basis of 300 g/(head·day) of mixed concentrate,cafeteria feeding with kernel-contained CH (group 3),kernel-free CH (group 4) or ground cornstalks (group 5) respectively,to study the effects of three diets on the voluntary intake,digestion and metabolism of sheep.The results showed that the apparent digestibility of the DM,OM,CP,cellulose,hemicellulose and energy of kernel-free CH by sheep were 46.71%,47.37%,-53.40%,66.60%,62.48% and 42.59%,respectively.There were no significant differences in the intake of DM,OM,cellulose,hemicellulose,energy and Ca between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05);Intake of CP and P in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);Intake of lignin in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly lower than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of DM,OM and energy between kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).The apparent digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose in kernel-free CH group were significantly and extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH group (P< 0.05;P< 0.01),respectively.The apparent digestibility of CP in kernel-contained CH group was extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01).The apparent digestibility of DM,OM,CP,cellulose and energy in ground cornstalks group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P< 0.01),however,the apparent digestibility of Ca and P were lower than that in kernel-contained CH and kernel-free CH groups (P> 0.05).Intake and retention of nitrogen in kernel-contained CH group were extremely significantly higher than that in kernel-free CH group (P< 0.01);The was no significant difference in the retention of nitrogen between kernel-free diet group and cornstalk diet group (P> 0.05).It was concluded that CH was a kind of special forage with larger intake,higher digestibility on the fiber substances and energy,but with a serious obstruction on protein digestion;The nutritional value between kernel-free diet and cornstalk diet was almost equal,and with lower nitrogen digestibility on kernel-free diet.     

多重聚合酶链反应筛选方法的研究

本文提出了筛选多重聚合酶链反应的常用方法，根据该法将56个牛微卫星组成的21个多重聚合酶链反应组合，其中14个三微卫星组合，7个二微卫星组合，这些多重聚合酶链反应组合可用于大批量测定微卫星的试验，如基因定位及亲子鉴定等。     

三合激素诱导黄牛发情效果

2003年～2005年应用三合激素对格尔木周边60头产后乏情黄牛进行诱导发情试验,配种60 d后经直肠检查结果表明,注射两次,发情及配种效果明显.     

桑树树液蛋白质的双向电泳分析

应用 Ｉ Ｅ Ｆ 和 Ｓ Ｄ Ｓ Ｐ Ａ Ｇ Ｅ 双向电泳技术,分析了桑树（ Ｍｏｒｕｓ） 树液蛋白质的电泳图谱。结果表明,供试栽培品种的蛋白质谱比较相似,相似系数在０７２ ～１００ 之间;品种间存在１４ 个共有组分,占检测组分总数的５１９ ％ ;桑树栽培种与野生种的差异比较显著。     

玉米花粉破壁的利弊

本文主要阐述了玉米花粉壁两个方面的问题。一是玉米花粉壁自身的营养价值,它对其内溶物的保护作用及玉米花粉壁是否影响人体对花粉内溶物的吸收;二是玉米花粉什么情况下需要破壁,其破壁的原因。     

内蒙古地区扁蓿豆酯酶同工酶多样性及其地理分布的研究

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对内蒙古不同生境条件下生长的扁蓿豆的种子酯酶同工酶多样性进行了研究.结果表明,内蒙古地区扁蓿豆的种子酯酶同工酶酶谱具多样性;同一种或种下分类单位,由于材料来源不同,所表现的基本酶谱型与地理分布有关,基本上与草地区划中的地段相吻合.因此,在进行材料收集时应以地段为单位进行,而在地形单元和植被组合变化较大的地段需要配合地片进行.     

瘦素对体外培养新生犊牛脂肪细胞胰高血糖素受体mRNA丰度的影响

为阐明瘦素在奶牛脂肪代谢中的调控作用,应用荧光定量RT-PCR法观察了瘦素对体外单层原代培养脂肪细胞胰高血糖素受体(glucagon receptor,GLNR)mRNA丰度的影响。结果表明:随着培养液中瘦素浓度的升高,GLNR mRNA的丰度呈现先升高后降低的趋势(P<0.01),瘦素对GLNR mRNA的表达具有双重作用;研究结果表明,瘦素直接调控新生犊牛脂肪细胞GLNR mRNA的表达。     

微型草坪对室内微环境的生态调节作用

室内微型草坪是一种新型的室内绿化产品,具有关化居住环境、改善室内空气质量的作用。通过对比试验研究了微型草坪对模拟空间的湿度,甲醛和细菌含量等的调节应用,及其在不同室内环境下的固碳释氧能力。结果显示室内微型草坪可以吸收室内空气中的甲醛、杀灭细菌提高空气温度,24h后甲醛浓度由初始0．61mg／m^3下降到0．08mg／m^3;空气中的细菌含量降低90％以上;室内空气湿度提高509,6;室内的光照强度和光照时间与微型草坪的固碳释氧量呈正相关。表明微型草坪可以有效地改善室内环境。     

猪粪中除臭微生物的筛选和鉴定

用感官法初筛出20株菌株,再通过定性复筛试验,最后从猪粪便中共分离出5株除臭微生物,都具有很强的除臭效果,其中假单孢菌属(ZY-1)氨气的去除率高达47.70%,巴氏芽孢杆菌(WJ-2)硫化氢的去除率高达62.5%,显示出这类细菌在猪场粪便的处理过程中具有良好的应用前景。