栲胶改性纤维板胶的研制及应用

通过小试确定了用落叶松栲胶替代部分苯酚研制纤维板用胶的工艺条件，经生产性试验表明：用落叶松栲脱替代５０％的苯酚生产纤维板用胶是可行的，可以保证纤维板的质量，降低成本，解决原料短缺问题。     

Ahmed valve implantation to control intractable glaucoma after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in a dog

An 11-year-old spayed female Miniature Poodle presented with bilateral senile cataracts. Treatment was cataract removal by phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. Five hours after surgery the operated right eye was partially closed and painful. The right pupil was fully dilated, there was generalized corneal edema, and intraocular pressure (IOP) was increased. After 12 h of medication IOP was controlled. Ten weeks after surgery the owners reported cloudiness of right eye, and the dog was again evaluated. The IOP was again increased and an Ahmed valve was implanted. This case describes describe the progression of this case and benefits of controlling postcataract surgery glaucoma by the implantation of an Ahmed valve.     

Effect of tree foliage supplementation of tropical grass diet on in vitro digestibility and fermentation,microbial biomass synthesis and enteric methane production in ruminants

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of tree foliage species supplemented in ruminant diets based on Pennisetum purpureum on the in...     

苎麻基因型抗旱性差异及其早期鉴定研究

用抗旱指数(RI)等指标对苎麻基因型抗旱性进行了鉴定。 结果表明： 圆叶青、 沅江黄壳 早和沅江稀节巴为抗旱性较强的基因型, 抗旱性较弱的基因型包括资兴绿麻和新宁箭杆麻 。 苎麻扦插(45天)苗在渗透胁迫4小时后的RWC(相对含水量)、 POD(过氧化物酶)、 Prolin e(脯氨酸)与抗旱指数呈正相关, 而RPP(细胞膜透性)、 MDA(丙二     

基于LDA模型的大兴区都市农业发展方向研究

在全面实现农业现代化的冲刺阶段，大兴区都市农业的发展对于区域实现农业现代化具有重要影响。文章首先从大兴区都市农业发展的现状、遇到的问题、面临的机遇展开分析； 然后运用LDA主题模型对北京大兴野生动物园的游客评论进行主题分类，并根据实验结果探索大兴区都市农业三产融合的发展方向； 最后从优化大兴区传统农业结构、深度开发农耕文化和完善“大兴旅游”APP三个角度提出发展对策。     

Ethnobotanical,morphological, phytochemical and molecular evidence for the incipient domestication of Epazote (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Chenopodium ambrosioides</Emphasis> L.: Chenopodiaceae) in a semi-arid region of Mexico

Use and management of wild and weedy species may involve artificial selection, which can determine morphological, physiological, reproductive, and genetic divergences between wild and managed populations, resulting in the initial or incipient phases of plant domestication. In this study we combined ethnobotanical, morphological, phytochemical and genetic information for analyzing differences between managed and unmanaged populations of the Mexican edible weed, Epazote (Chenopodium ambrosioides L.), in Santa María Tecomavaca, Oaxaca, a rural community within the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Biosphere Reserve, Mexico. Our hypothesis was that differences in morphology (e.g. leave dimensions and density of pubescence), phytochemistry (e.g. flavor, odor, and amount of strong scented and toxic compounds) and/or molecular genetic markers, between managed and wild populations of Epazote in Santa María Tecomavaca, would indicate that managed populations have been and/or are under a process of incipient domestication. Our results revealed the existence in the study area of morphological variants associated with a gradient of management intensity, which involved apparent improved palatability correlated with a lowering of chemical defense. Most remarkably, we found agreement in the groupings defined by the cluster analyses of morphological and genetic data. Although Epazote is considered a weed or, at best, a minor crop, the results from four lines of evidence (cultural differentiation patterns, gigantism, reduction in chemical defenses, toxic compounds and inheritance of adaptive traits) suggest the existence of an incipient domestication process in the study zone.     

Identification of the Major ACE-Inhibitory Peptides Produced by Enzymatic Hydrolysis of a Protein Concentrate from Cuttlefish Wastewater

The aim of this work was the purification and identification of the major angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of a protein concentrate recovered from a cuttlefish industrial manufacturing effluent. This process consisted on the ultrafiltration of cuttlefish softening wastewater, with a 10 kDa cut-off membrane, followed by the hydrolysis with alcalase of the retained fraction. Alcalase produced ACE inhibitors reaching the highest activity (IC₅₀ = 76.8 ± 15.2 μg mL⁻¹) after 8 h of proteolysis. Sequential ultrafiltration of the 8 h hydrolysate with molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) membranes of 10 and 1 kDa resulted in the increased activity of each permeate, with a final IC₅₀ value of 58.4 ± 4.6 μg mL⁻¹. Permeate containing peptides lower than 1 kDa was separated by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Four fractions (A–D) with potent ACE inhibitory activity were isolated and their main peptides identified using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to an electrospray ion trap Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometer (HPLC-ESI-IT-FTICR) followed by comparison with databases and de novo sequencing. The amino acid sequences of the identified peptides contained at least one hydrophobic and/or a proline together with positively charged residues in at least one of the three C-terminal positions. The IC₅₀ values of the fractions ranged from 1.92 to 8.83 μg mL⁻¹, however this study fails to identify which of these peptides are ultimately responsible for the potent antihypertensive activity of these fractions.     

A Non-digestible Fraction of the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis During Early Carcinogenesis

We have previously demonstrated that the non-digestible fraction (NDF) from common cooked beans (P. vulgaris L., cv Negro 8025) inhibits azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer and influences the expression of genes involved in the induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through the action of butyrate. The objective of this study was to identify cell cycle alterations and morphological changes induced by treatment with AOM and to examine the formation of colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in male Sprague Dawley rats fed with these beans. Rats were fed control diets upon arrival and were randomly placed into four groups after one week of acclimatization: control, NDF (intragastric administration), NDF?+?AOM and AOM. Rats treated with NDF?+?AOM exhibited a significantly lower number of total colonic ACF with a notable increase in the number of cells present in the G₁ phase (83.14 %); a decreased proliferation index was observed in the NDF?+?AOM group when compared to AOM group. NDF?+?AOM also displayed a higher number of apoptotic cells compared to AOM group. NDF of cooked common beans inhibited colon carcinogenesis at an early stage by inducing cell cycle arrest of colon cells and morphological changes linked to apoptosis, thus confirming previous results obtained with gene expression studies.     

Thecaphora dahuangis,a new species causing leaf smut disease of the traditional medicinal plant dahuang (Rheum palmatum) in China

Chinese rhubarb (Rheum palmatum) is an important crop that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for over 2,000 years. The main cultivation areas are the Chinese provinces of Gansu, Qinhai, Tibet, and Sichuan. Various fungal diseases threaten Chinese rhubarb, the most common of which is leaf smut. In literature, the causal agent of this disease is described as Thecaphora schwarzmaniana. We present morphological data and molecular phylogenetic data of two rDNA loci (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and 28S D1-D2) that justify the classification of the causal agent as a distinct species. Here we describe the new species Thecaphora dahuangis for the leaf smut pathogen of Chinese rhubarb.