A new record of Rhizoctonia butinii associated with Picea glauca ‘Conica’ in Slovenia

In 2013, the death of needles of dwarf Alberta spruce (Picea glauca ‘Conica’) seedlings was observed in an arboretum in Slovenia. Needles on infected P. glauca ‘Conica’ twigs were covered with thick, yellowish brown hyphal cushions. The outgrowing mycelium was white and had completely overgrown some needles and connected them to each other. To definitively identify the fungus affecting P. glauca ‘Conica’, morphological examinations of isolated pure cultures were performed, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA was sequenced. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses together with the performed pathogenicity trial, we identified the causal agent of the observed symptoms as Rhizoctonia butinii – a recently described species. This report connects this fungus to a new locality and a new host plant.     

湖北农机工业发展现状及对策

分析了湖北省农机工业的发展现状:生产规模恢复较快、产品种类不断增加、产品结构渐趋完善、创新能力有所提高和资本关注度较高。同时阐述了存在的主要问题,并提出了发展建议。      

不同浓度钾素对甜菜幼苗生理生化指标的影响

试验采用1/2Hoagland营养液水培,研究不同浓度K⁺对甜菜幼苗生长和生理生化指标的影响。结果表明,甜菜幼苗叶片、叶柄、根系和整株的干物质量均随钾素浓度提高而增加,在K⁺浓度为3.00 mmol/L时最高;随K⁺浓度提高,甜菜幼苗根系、叶柄、叶片钾含量,幼苗全氮、磷、钾积累量,叶片、叶柄含水量,叶片相对含水量以及叶片面积随之逐步升高,3.00与6.00 mmol/L K⁺处理无明显差异;叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b含量,SOD、GPX活性,根系、叶柄和叶片全N含量随之逐步下降,3.00与6.00 mmol/L K⁺处理无明显差异;叶片CAT活性,根系、叶柄和叶片P含量保持不变或变化无规律。在本研究条件下,3.00 mmol/L K⁺是甜菜幼苗生长最佳营养浓度。     

光胁迫下欧洲荚蒾的光合生理生态特性

采用LI-6400便携式光合测定系统对欧洲荚蒾光胁迫处理的光合生理特性进行了研究。结果表明：（1）欧洲荚蒾100%和60%光照的Pn日变化呈“双峰型”曲线,有明显的“午休”现象,第一个峰出现在9：00左右,第二个峰出现在15：00左右,第一个峰值明显高于第二个峰值;20%光照的Pn日变化呈“单峰型”曲线,最高峰值出现在10：00左右。（2）100%、60%、20%光照的LCP和LSP分别为72.7、59.2、38.2和514.8、404.7、295.5μmol/（m^2.s）,CO2补偿点和饱和点分别为73.4、93.2、88.4和1073.4、1354.8、1128.0μmol/mol。（3）3个处理的光合能力为100%光照〉60%光照〉20%光照。     

绿豆尾孢菌叶斑病研究进展

综述了近年来绿豆尾孢菌叶斑病的病害症状、侵染循环、生长特性、病害防治和互作关系等研究进展,并展望了绿豆尾孢菌病今后的研究方向,为今后的绿豆尾孢菌叶斑病的防治及培育绿豆抗病品种提供了参考。     

Effect of L-arginine Oral Supplementation on Response to Myocardial Infarction in Hypercholesterolemic and Hypertensive Rats

The well known metabolic functions of L-arginine have been recently increased with the discovery of its role as the substrate for the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), which has emerged as an endogenous signaling molecule with potential therapeutic implications for cardiovascular disease. Steady-state levels of NO are derived in part from dietary sources. It has been reported that supplementation of L-arginine reduces atherosclerosis in rabbits and reduces the arterial pressure in hypertensive rats. Therefore, we investigated the effect of L-arginine supplementation using a group of induced hypercholesterolemic rats and a group of spontaneously hypertensive rats; the infarcted area in cardiac tissue of both groups was measured during the response to myocardial infarction in the ischemia-reperfusion model. Hypercholesterolemic rats supplemented with 170 mg kg⁻¹ of L-arginine showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in total cholesterol (25.2%) and LDL (27.8%). Spontaneously hypertensive rats supplemented with L-arginine presented a significant reduction (20.3%) in mean blood pressure (P ≤ 0.05). The index infarcted area / total heart area, in both: hypercholesterolemic and hypertensive rats supplemented with L-arginine, showed a significant 36% and 29% of cardio protection (P ≤ 0.05) effect, respectively. Dietary supplementation with L-arginine may represent a potentially novel nutritional strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.     

关于钢筋砼结构裂缝分类与整治的探讨

裂缝分类是按照钢筋砼裂缝产生的时间和原因划分的;作者通过对裂缝划分方法及裂缝特征的分析论述,阐明了依据裂缝的特征而应采取的措施和处理方法。     

Predicting early life connectivity of Antarctic silverfish,an important forage species along the Antarctic Peninsula

The early life stages of the Antarctic silverfish (Pleuragramma antarctica), an important prey species for higher predators in the Southern Ocean ecosystem, dominate the larval fish assemblages of the Bransfield Strait, one of the most important areas for larval retention off the Antarctic Peninsula. Nevertheless, the spatial location of areas where they were spawned and the timing of larval hatching remain unknown. By linking Lagrangian particle tracking simulations with age data obtained using otolith microincrements from fish caught north of Joinville Island in a pelagic survey, we estimated the distribution of hatch dates and subsequent growth rates of silverfish reaching the Bransfield Strait, and predicted the areas where they were spawned. Larval hatching peaked during the last week of December, and the inner shelf and shelf break, east of the Larsen Ice shelf, were the dominant areas predicted to contribute to larval assemblages in the Bransfield Strait. Over simulated periods of 600–630 days, 35–40% of particles remained within the Bransfield Strait, suggesting an important source of supply to higher predators feeding off the northern Antarctic Peninsula. The daily growth rate at the mean size of 22.3 mm was 0.18 mm, corresponding to a daily change in size of approximately 0.82% standard length (SL), and large variability in growth rate suggested a wide range of environmental conditions experienced during the period of advection from the spawning areas. These results provide spatial predictions that can be tested empirically in future studies, using the simulated trajectories to inform sampling design and spatial coverage.