禽巴氏杆菌B_(26)-T_(1200)弱毒冻干苗的研究 Ⅰ.禽巴氏杆菌B_(26)- T_(1200)弱毒菌株的选育

从广西各地患禽巴氏杆菌病急性死亡的鸡、鸭肝脏分离出５６株禽巴氏杆菌强毒株，经培养特性和生化特性试验鉴定，从中选出１５株典型禽巴氏杆菌菌株。Ｃａｒｔｅｒ荚膜抗原分型鉴定，１５株菌均为荚膜Ａ型，间接血凝滴度为１∶１６０～１∶６４０。通过毒力和免疫原性测定，从中选择毒力较强、免疫原性较好的Ｂ２５、Ｂ２６、Ｂ２７３菌株进行人工致弱，其中Ｂ２６菌株在０．１％裂解全血马丁汤中，通过物理诱变方法致弱，即在传代过程中，把培养温度由３７℃逐渐提高到４５℃，每１２ｈ传１代而成功致弱，传至１２００代时，毒力显著减弱，且仍保持其良好的免疫原性和培养特性，从而获得了禽巴氏杆菌Ｂ２６－Ｔ１２００弱毒菌株     

YTG型双向体积管在计量检定中的应用

体积管是检定流量计的标准器。ＹＴＧ型双向体积管，其外型尺寸、主体结构、检定速度、日常管理等方面，均比单向体积管有明显的优点，并具有独特的容积补偿性，给体积管的管理、使用带来极大方便。介绍了ＹＴＧ型双向体积管的结构、技术指标及其优越性，并建议在条件允许的情况下，尽可能使用双向体积管。     

Myocardial and pancreatic lesions induced by T-2 toxin, a trichothecene mycotoxin, in swine

Myocardial and pancreatic lesions induced by sublethal doses of T-2 toxin in swine were characterized by light and electron microscopy. Toxin was given intravenously to six 17- to 18-week-old pigs. Pigs were killed 24 or 48 hours after treatment. Grossly, subendocardial hemorrhages, multifocal pinpoint white foci in myocardium, and pancreatic edema occurred in one treated pig. Histologic changes in myocardium of treated pigs consisted of multifocal edema, mononuclear cell infiltration, myofiber hyalinization, vacuolation, and contraction bands with nuclear pyknosis. Ultrastructurally, there were areas of edema, myofibrillar disorganization, dilation of sarcoplasmic reticulum, and formation of hypercontraction bands. Myocardial mineralization was seen in the pig with gross lesions. Pancreatic changes in treated pigs consisted of multifocal acinar degeneration and necrosis. Ultrastructural changes included irregular dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum and abnormal zymogen granules. Thus, in addition to radiomimetic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and lymphoid organs, heart and pancreas are target organs of T-2 toxin in swine.     

爬竹雄蕊发育异常的初步观察

本文报道了爬竹雄蕊发育中有异于正常雄蕊发育过程的现象。观察结果表明,爬竹的某些雄蕊在发育过程中,在不同的时期发生偏离于正常途径的发育,这些异常现象最早出现在雄蕊原基发育时期。异常发育的雄蕊或者不能形成花粉囊;或者形成了花粉囊但囊内细胞高度液泡化,缺乏原生质,无法形成有效的小孢子母细胞。     

中国可持续农业发展中的农林复合系统评价

中国是一个具有生物地理多样性和复杂社会经济条件的大国，其农林业资源的可持续性正在受到变化的自然和社会经济环境的严峻挑战。分析表明，多样化的农林复合系统（Ａｇｒｏｆｏｒｅｓｔｒｙｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ）在中国各主要区域可持续农业发展中起着十分重要的作用。然而，适用于多样化的农林复合系统综合评价方法的缺陷，使农林复合系统具有的优势难以得到真实的反映。文章从单一目标评价、多目标评价、风险评价和社会经济评价四个方面，分析了其在中国农林复合系统评价中的应用。分析显示中国农林复合系统的评价主要局限于财务效益方法。从农业可持续发展的宏观背景出发，这显然是不够的。文章接着探讨了在人类生态学理论的基本框架中，农业生态系统分析方法、农业系统分析方法及农林复合系统设计与诊断方法在农林复合系统评价中综合运用的可能性。并指出模型方法，特别是多目标规划方法，由于其与农林复合系统多功能特性一致，具有很大应用潜力。文章最后给出了农林复合系统综合评价的理论构架，指出农林复合系统是个特殊的具有多层次、多功能和多效益特征的农业生态系统。农林复合系统的综合评价必须从可持续发展的观点出发，设计和选择包括生态、经济和社会文化方面的多目标标准体系，并在不同层次     

窄冠黑杨窄冠黑白杨的选育(I)田间试验及结果分析

通过杂交育种，苗期选择，无性系测定，选出了6个窄冠黑杨，1个窄冠黑白杨无性系。前者生长量接近对照I-69/55和中林46，冠幅比对照小1/2—1/3，耐盐碱能力较强，容易扦插繁殖，造林成活率高。后者生长量与窄冠白杨3号相当，冠幅比窄冠白杨3号更窄，繁殖方式同一般毛白杨。两类品种均为适合于农田林网及农林间作的杨树新品种。     

干涉测量土地利用影像分类决策树法森林识别研究

利用ERS－1和ERS－2 SAR串行轨道数据经干涉测量处理生成的干涉测量土地利用影像对森林识别方法进行初步研究。内容包括基于目标识别选择合成干涉测量土地利用影像处理方法、应用斜分类器（OCI）生成分类决策树以及在自主开发的软件中调整分类决策树、对分类结果进行像元级别上的精度检验和误差分析等。结果表明：ERS－1和ERS－2 SAR串行轨道数据经干涉测量处理，利用其强度影像和相干影像可以合成多种干涉测量土地利用影像；其中最小值影像和 标准差影像较之于其它强度影像和变化影像更有利于区分水体和森林；由于OCI生成决策树的算法决定了在分类处理中没有不可分类别的存在，所以在初期选择分类类别时，要尽可能多的覆盖原始影像的数值区间；选择的各类别样本数据要尽可能的“纯”，以减少类别间数值区间的重叠，从而减少误分类情况。     

Sound Pressure Levels in 2 Veterinary Intensive Care Units

Background

Intensive care units (ICUs) in human hospitals are consistently noisy environments with sound levels sufficient to substantially decrease sleep quality. Sound levels in veterinary ICUs have not been studied previously, but environmental sound has been shown to alter activity in healthy dogs.

Hypothesis

Veterinary ICUs, like those in human medicine, will exceed international guidelines for hospital noise.

Animals

NA.

Methods

Prospective, observational study performed consecutively and simultaneously over 4 weeks in 2 veterinary ICUs. Conventional A‐weighted sound pressure levels (equivalent continuous level [a reflection of average sound], the sound level that is exceeded 90% of the recording period time [reflective of background noise], and maximum sound levels) were continuously recorded and the number of spikes in sound >80 dBA were manually counted.

Results

Noise levels were comparable to ICUs in human hospitals. The equivalent continuous sound level was higher in ICU1 than in ICU2 at every time point compared, with greatest differences observed on week day (ICU1, 60.1 ± 3.7 dBA; ICU2, 55.9 ± 2.5 dBA, P < .001) and weekend nights (ICU1, 59.9 ± 2.4 dBA; ICU2, 53.4 ± 1.7 dBA, P < .0001) reflecting a 50% difference in loudness. Similar patterns were observed for the maximum and background noise levels. The number of sound spikes was up to 4 times higher in ICU1 (162.3 ± 84.9 spikes) than in ICU2 (40.4 ± 12.2 spikes, P = .001).

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

These findings show that sound in veterinary ICUs is loud enough to potentially disrupt sleep in critically ill veterinary patients.     

大叶杨组培快繁体系的建立

以大叶杨幼嫩的带腋芽茎段为试材,建立以腋芽诱导途径为基础的植株组培快繁体系。结果表明:大叶杨腋芽诱导的最适宜培养基为MS+NAA0.1 mg/L+6-BA0.1 mg/L,接种30 d,腋芽萌发率可达100%;最适宜增殖培养基为MS+NAA0.1 mg/L+6-BA2.0 mg/L,培养30 d,增殖系数可达4.0,幼苗生长健壮;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA0.1mg/L+IBA0.2 mg/L,培养30 d,平均生根达4条,平均根长为4.7 cm。     

泰山引种竹子生长调查

“南竹北移”是将在南方生长良好的竹类品种移植到北方适宜地区,以满足北方地区常绿植物品种种植和生态工程建设的需要。“适宜”是“南竹北移”的必要条件。泰山处于暖温带气候区,温湿度适宜,海拔1 300 m以下土体湿润度大,一般土层较厚,为“南竹北移”提供了有利条件。文章分析了泰山竹类的种植历史、引种种类、生长现状等。