全文获取类型
收费全文 | 244862篇 |
免费 | 15005篇 |
国内免费 | 652篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 23436篇 |
农学 | 13976篇 |
基础科学 | 2966篇 |
42274篇 | |
综合类 | 20986篇 |
农作物 | 17192篇 |
水产渔业 | 16530篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 93449篇 |
园艺 | 6261篇 |
植物保护 | 23449篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 2464篇 |
2020年 | 2848篇 |
2019年 | 3630篇 |
2018年 | 3961篇 |
2017年 | 4283篇 |
2016年 | 4760篇 |
2015年 | 4281篇 |
2014年 | 5643篇 |
2013年 | 16216篇 |
2012年 | 6027篇 |
2011年 | 7860篇 |
2010年 | 7216篇 |
2009年 | 7846篇 |
2008年 | 7341篇 |
2007年 | 6339篇 |
2006年 | 7063篇 |
2005年 | 6298篇 |
2004年 | 6130篇 |
2003年 | 5876篇 |
2002年 | 5225篇 |
2001年 | 5693篇 |
2000年 | 5449篇 |
1999年 | 5138篇 |
1998年 | 4123篇 |
1997年 | 4154篇 |
1996年 | 3897篇 |
1995年 | 4453篇 |
1994年 | 3895篇 |
1993年 | 3577篇 |
1992年 | 4221篇 |
1991年 | 4301篇 |
1990年 | 4108篇 |
1989年 | 3957篇 |
1988年 | 3541篇 |
1987年 | 3507篇 |
1986年 | 3510篇 |
1985年 | 3836篇 |
1984年 | 3590篇 |
1983年 | 3398篇 |
1982年 | 2818篇 |
1981年 | 2759篇 |
1980年 | 2741篇 |
1979年 | 3111篇 |
1978年 | 2813篇 |
1977年 | 2625篇 |
1976年 | 2465篇 |
1975年 | 2274篇 |
1974年 | 2339篇 |
1973年 | 2378篇 |
1972年 | 2097篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
221.
The survival of Leptosphaeria maculans , which causes phoma stem canker (blackleg), on oilseed rape residues ( Brassica napus ) in South Australia was investigated. Using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for L. maculans DNA, the pathogen was mainly detected in the upper 5 cm of the soil profile, including residues on the soil surface. As the size of organic matter particles in the soil decreased, so did the quantity of L. maculans detected in them. To obtain representative data for a field, at least 30 subsamples needed to be collected over the 0·81 ha area studied. In a survey of 49 commercial fields in South Australia, most L. maculans was detected in fields 1 year after oilseed rape had been grown, with less detected after 2 years and negligible amounts 3 years or more after cropping. The diagnostic DNA-based assay for L. maculans reduced the time and cost of studying L. maculans survival in soil and increased the sensitivity and accuracy of results compared with estimates of propagule number of colony-forming units on a semiselective medium. 相似文献
222.
ANTHONY W. P. BASHER BVetMed mrcvs MARY C. WALTER dvm CHARLES D. NEWTON dvm ms Diplomateacvs 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1986,15(5):356-362
The medical records from 95 cases of coxofemoral luxation in dogs and cats were reviewed. Unilateral craniodorsal luxation was most common, (78.1% of dogs, 72.7% of cats). Trauma from being struck by an automobile was the most frequent cause (59.0%). Treatment was closed (manual) or open (surgical) reduction. The failure rate following single closed reduction was 64.8%. The surgical reduction procedure included capsular repair (capsulorrhaphy) via a craniolateral approach to the hip or via trochanteric osteotomy or gluteal tenotomy. The success rate following reduction via the craniolateral approach was 82%; no failure was recorded with trochanteric transposition, but reluxa-tion followed the single gluteal tenotomy. The Ehmer sling was the most common external fixation and was kept in place an average of 12.5 days. Thirty-three animals were available for follow-up, and no difference was recorded in limb function between the two groups of animals treated by closed vs surgical reduction. Patients with degenerative joint disease at the time of luxation were less likely to be successfully reduced; 64.3% of these animals were eventually treated by femoral head and neck excision. Thirty-eight patients had associated major injuries. Long-term follow-up results were better in those patients with concomitant orthopedic injuries than in those without other injuries. 相似文献
223.
Abstract To evaluate the suitability of angling groundbaits as a fish feed and the potential for nutrient loss, the macronutrient digestibility of four groundbaits was investigated in carp, Cyprinus carpio L., using a sieving method of faeces collection and chromic oxide. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of protein and lipids were >80% for all angling baits. ADCs of nitrogen-free extracts and phosphorus (P) differed significantly between the test diets, probably because of divergent feed compositions and ingredient treatments. The generally high digestibility estimates indicated that fish feeding on angling groundbait will benefit from this food source. The differences in nutrient digestibility suggested that type of groundbait and ingredient used will have a major effect on potential eutrophication and fish production caused by groundbaiting. The principle of groundbaits to protect the environment should be to minimise the P-content of the groundaits and maximising P-digestibility and P-retention efficiency. 相似文献
224.
C. McL. Press 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2005,34(S1):40-41
Paratuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous enteritis and lymphadenitis in ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberuclosis . To investigate the efficacy of assays for early diagnosis, experimental infections were performed in goat kids. Oral doses of M. a. paratuberculosis were administered to goat kids over extended periods and the resulting infection was followed for 12–24 months. Complementary experiments were performed on goat kids vaccinated against M. a. paratuberculosis . Immunological, pathological and morphological examinations were undertaken in both these experimental systems. The analysis of results from these experiment series provided novel insights into the influence of the biology of gut-associated lymphoid tissue on the progress of disease, into the character of the tissue granuloma and its dominance of the local tissue response and into the relationship between the local and systemic immune responses. 相似文献
225.
Abstract – Factors affecting long-term variation in brown trout, Salmo trutta L., stocking success were examined in a large lake, Lake Oulujärvi, in central Finland. Brown trout were stocked in spring (late May to early June) in 1974–1991 and in summer (late June to early July) in 1992–2001. The biomass of the vendace, Coregonus albula (L.), population (prey) at release time had the largest positive effect on stocking success within both periods: biomass of adult vendace in spring and both 0+ and adult vendace in summer. Increasing the size of stocked fish had a positive effect if the vendace available at release were only adults. The increasing trend of predator-catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) [combined CPUE of northern pike Esox lucius L., burbot Lota lota (L.), and pike-perch Stizostedion lucioperca (L.)] through the study period and its negative effect on trout stocking success suggested an increasing effect of predation within the entire time series. 相似文献
226.
At a site in Kent, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) variety S24 and Italian ryegrass (L. multiflorum) variety RVP, wheat varieties Armada and Norman, and the original mixed grass ley were grown in small plots during 1982–84. Two toxic pesticides (phorate and aldicarb) were applied to half the total number of plots three times each year to eliminate soil invertebrate populations. Fertilizer was also applied to most plots. The yields of the crops, grown with and without pesticide, and the effects of the fertilizer were compared. Grass herbage yield was measured on three occasions during the summers of 1983 and 1984. Wheat grain yields were also determined in 1983. During the first year significant differences were not apparent in grass dry matter yield between pesticide-treated and non-treated plots, but significant differences were found in the second year. The perennial ryegrass was more susceptible to pest damage than the Italian ryegrass or the grass ley. Grass yields varied between cuts and in relation to variety and pesticide treatment, yields tending to be greater in untreated plots. Fertilizer treatment greatly increased grass dry matter yields, particularly with the Italian ryegrass. The effects of pesticide treatment on both wheat varieties varied although some yield enhancement was evident. Invertebrate animal populations in pesticide and fertilizer-treated plots were also assessed in autumn 1982, spring and autumn 1983 and spring 1984. In contrast to pesticide treatment, fertilizer treatment had little effect on soil invertebrate populations. Nematode populations were reduced at each sampling occasion by the pesticide treatment. Slug populations were initially unaffected but were subsequently reduced. Leatherjackets, by far the most abundant pest in both grass and wheat plots, were markedly affected by pesticides on all sampling occasions. Generally, fewer soil-dwelling dipterous larvae were recovered in spring than in autumn. Stem-boring dipterous larvae were virtually absent. 相似文献
227.
The phenomenon of RNA interference (RNAi) is highly conserved mechanism in the organism evolution. As a immune system, RNAi is a ubiquitous mechanism against invading microorganism in plant and animal cells. Recently, it has been found that RNAi is the process by which double-strand RNA(dsRNA) directs sequence-specific degradation of messenger RNA and the mediations of sequence specific messenger RNA degradation are 21-and 23-nucleotide small interfering RNAs that generate by ribonuclease from endogenous longer dsRNA or by transfectious technics from heterologous dsRNA. Over the past few years, the way in which cells respond to dsRNA by silencing homologous genes has revealed a new regulating paradigm in biology. 相似文献
228.
Intrajugular injection of a purified E. coli lipopolysaccharide induced a biphasic fever in sheep after a latent period of 12 to 20 min. The changes in the blood flow from the liver and from the viscera drained by the portal vein were: (a) in the latent period, decreases in total hepatic blood flow (THF) due to decreased portal venous blood flow (PVF); (b) during the first febrile phase, increases in THF due to increased hepatic arterial blood flow and, (c) in the second febrile phase, increases in THF due to decreased PVF. Although there were large variations in the oxygen supply to the viscera drained by the portal vein and to the liver, there were relatively small or no changes in their oxygen consumption. 相似文献
229.
A.J.A. Vinten D.R. Lewis D.R. Fenlon K.A. Leach R. Howard I. Svoboda I. Ogden 《Soil Use and Management》2002,18(3):223-231
Abstract. Slurry from farm animals may contaminate water supplies, rivers and bathing waters with faecal coliforms, such as Escherichia coli . Where animals harbour the O157 strain the hazard to human health is particularly high, but both the hazard level, and the low incidence and sporadic nature of the excretion of E. coli O157 make it difficult to study this strain under field conditions. The survival of total E. coli and of E. coli O157 were compared in the laboratory for two soils under controlled temperature and moisture. E. coli O157 die-off rate was the same as or quicker than for total E. coli . This result meant that field experiments studying the fate of total E. coli should give a satisfactory evaluation of the risk of water contamination by the O157 strain. In four field experiments at three sites, slurry containing total E. coli numbers of 2.2 × 104 to 5.7 × 105 colony forming units per mL (c.f.u. mL–1 ) was applied to drained field plots. Field die-off was faster than expected from laboratory experiments, especially in one experiment where two weeks dry weather followed application. In all but this experiment, the first drain flow events after slurry application led to very high E. coli concentrations in the drains (103 to 104 c.f.u. mL–1 ). E. coli O157 was present in the slurry used for two of the experiments (33 c.f.u. per 100 mL in each case). However the proportion of E.coli O157 was very low (about 1 in 105 ) and it was not detected in the drainage water. After the first week E. coli drainage water numbers decreased rapidly but they were 1–10 c.f.u. mL–1 for much of the sampling period after slurry application (1–3 months). 相似文献
230.