天津山药种植模式初探

通过对天津宝坻山药进行高畦种植、平畦种植、低畦种植(对照)和打沟种植4种种植方式的试验比较,结果表明,打沟种植宝坻山药虽然块茎产品最长,产量较高,但由于产品畸形率较高,不适宜在该地区使用;相对于高畦种植宝坻山药来说,平畦种植和低畦种植的山药块茎产量较低、品质较差,不适宜使用;高畦种植是比较适宜的宝坻山药种植方式.     

Histological and immunohistochemical investigations of ovarian interstitial glands during non‐breeding season in camels (Camelus dromedarius)

The aim of this was to investigate the histology and immunohistochemistry of interstitial glands during non‐breeding season in camel ovaries. A total of 21 mature, non‐pregnant and apparently healthy camels aged between 8 and 12 years were slaughtered. The ovaries were removed within 15 min, cleaned from adipose tissue, weighted and examined grossly. The histological preparation was made, and then, the blocks were cut at 3–5 microns thickness and stained by H&E for histological examinations. Moreover, some sections were stained with Sudan Black for lipid detection. Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin‐embedded ovarian tissues was performed to detect the localization of S‐100, vimentin, progesterone receptors (PR) and oestrogen receptors (ER). Immunoreactive signals were detected using UltraVision Detection System. The results revealed that the interstitial glands were located in the cortical region and they were arranged in various arrangements either single, in couple or in groups rich in lipid droplet. All interstitial gland arrangements were enclosed by connective tissue capsules containing fibroblasts and collagenous fibres separated them from the surrounding ovarian structures. Both interstitial glands and their surrounding CT were penetrated by several blood vessels. There was a strong immunoreactive signal for S‐100 in the nuclei of interstitial cells, and no signals were detected either in cells of the interstitial glands or their connective tissue with PR. We could conclude that the interstitial gland is distinct in ovary of camel and further studies are needed to elucidate its rule in steroid synthesis.     

欧拉型藏羊GH基因5′端侧翼序列多态性与生长性状的关联分析

采用PCR-SSCP方法,检测了126只欧拉型藏羊GH基因5′端侧翼序列的遗传多态性,并与生长性状进行关联分析.结果表明:GH基因在5′端侧翼序列存在2个等位基因3种基因型;χ2检验表明,该群体在这一位点上处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P0.05),多态信息含量为0.152 2,属于低度多态(PIC0.25).与藏绵羊的基因序列(GenBank登录号:EF077162)相比,B等位基因在86bp、87bp处分别发生T→C和G→A的突变.关联分析表明:欧拉型藏羊BB基因型个体的体长、体高显著高于AA型和AB型(P0.05),不同基因型之间体重、胸深、胸宽、管围差异均不显著.     

中微量元素对大兴区西瓜产量和品质的影响

中微量元素对西瓜产量和品质的影响试验结果表明,施用中微量元素西瓜产量明显增加7.5%～24.1%,西瓜中心可溶性固形物含量提高0.3～2.0个百分点。综合西瓜产量、瓜瓤中心可溶性固形物含量及中微量元素的含量可知,1.0%硫酸亚铁溶液于伸蔓期、坐果期、果实生长盛期分3次喷施,可获产量62.69t/hm2,同时瓜瓤中心可溶性固形物含量为10.8%,铁、锌、硼和钙的含量较高,依次为6.02、0.59、0.70、10.0mg/kg,适宜在生产中推广应用。     

纤维素-N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮辐射接枝共聚物的制备及其溶胀性研究

采用共辐射法制备了纤维素-N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮接枝共聚物Cell-g-NVP。考察了辐照剂量、去离子水用量和NVP/纤维素质量比对接枝率的影响。结果表明,在去离子水用量及NVP/纤维素质量比一定的情况下,接枝率随辐照剂量的增加而增加,并逐步达到平衡;在辐照剂量和NVP/纤维素质量比一定时,接枝率在去离子水用量为2ml时达到最大;在辐照剂量和去离子水用量一定时,接枝率随着NVP/纤维素质量比增加而增加,并逐步达到平衡;通过正交试验,得到制备接枝共聚物的最佳工艺条件为:辐照剂量8kGy,去离子水用量4ml,NVP/纤维素质量比4∶1,此时得到的接枝共聚物接枝率为354.8%。正交试验结果也表明NVP/纤维素质量比对接枝率影响最大,其次是辐照剂量。红外光谱表明接枝反应发生在NVP乙烯基部位,接枝共聚物保留了NVP的内酰胺结构;热重分析表明其热稳定性得到了增强;通过溶胀性研究表明接枝共聚物的溶胀性得到增强,且持水性较好。     

超分子化合物［HN（C2H5）3］2H［PWl2O40］·4H2O 的水热合成、晶体结构及电化学性质

利用中温水热技术合成了新型超分子化合物[HN （C2 H5）3]2 H [PWl2 O40]·4H2 O ,并采用元素分析、红外光谱、单晶X 射线衍射对其进行了表征．晶体学参数：三斜晶系,C2/C空间群, a＝2.4689（5） nm , b＝1.0831（5） nm ,c＝2.2482（5） nm ,α＝90.00°,β＝121.094（5）°,γ＝90.00°,V＝5.148（3） nm3,Z＝4,R1＝0.0456,wR2＝0.1471．该化合物的基本结构单元是由2个质子化的三乙胺分子、4个水分子、1个质子和1个Keggin型杂多阴离子[PWl2 O40]3－组成．不同结构单元之间通过氢键作用形成一维链状结构,链间进一步通过分子间氢键构成三维超分子结构．     

水牛FASN基因外显子37多态性及其生物信息学分析

[目的]脂肪酸合成酶(Fatty acid synthase,FASN)是影响哺乳动物脂肪酸合成的关键酶,但有关水牛FASN基因的群体遗传组成特征还不清楚。[方法]本研究采用PCR产物直接测序法和PCR-SSCP方法对88头河流型和122头沼泽型水牛、54头牦牛和40头大额牛FASN基因外显子37进行群体变异检测,并结合已发表的牛科物种序列进行生物信息学分析。[结果]结果表明,仅在水牛中发现2个SNP位点,为c.6363CT和c.6372CT,均为同义替换。河流型和沼泽型水牛共享这2个SNP位点,但它们在两类水牛中的群体遗传组成不同。确定水牛特有的核苷酸位点3个,即c.6183A,c.6255T和c.6394A,其中c.6394A导致水牛FASN蛋白第2132位氨基酸与其它牛科物种不同,在水牛中为M而其它牛科物种中为V;山羊特有的位点2个,为c.6189A和c.6267T。普通牛、山羊和绵羊中具有异义替换SNP位点,分别为1个、3个和7个。普通牛的异义替换SNP位点c.6365GA对蛋白质功能影响不显著(subPSEC-3);山羊的这些异义替换SNP位点c.6296TC、c.6301CT和c.6341TC对其蛋白质功能影响均有显著影响(subPSEC-3);绵羊7个异义替换SNP位点中的2个,即c.6286AC和c.6406AG对FASN功能有显著影响(subPSEC-3)。[结论]这些核苷酸差异引起的氨基酸差异可能引起不同牛科物种间FASN功能的差异。