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61.
In the previous paper, occurrence of glucosamine in tomato plants fed with a high level of ammonium nitrogen has been reported(18). For the first time, SOLMS and HASSID(17) discovered glucosamine in tissues of higher plants. They isolated uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine from mung bean seedlings. Thereafter, uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine were chromatographically isolated from dahlia tubers(7). PUTZTAI(16) has succeeded in crystalyzing of glucosamine isolated from the seeds of higher plants and determined aminosugar contents in 14 kinds of, seeds. He considered aminosugars to be the normal constituents of plant seeds. LIS et al(11) have isolated glycopeptide containing mannosc, glucosamine, nnd aspartic acid from pure soy bean hemagllutin, and Kasai et al(10) have shown the presence of the glucosamine in hydrolyzatcs of glycoprotcins of broad bean and soy bean. Recently glucosaminc metabolism in mung bean 141.S been studied 02. 19). Although several workers have reported on glucosaminc in plants as mentioned above, the finding in the previous paper that the amount of glucosamine in tomato plants increased with concentration of ammonium nitrogen in water culture solution is quite unique. 相似文献
62.
Hiroshi Takaki Motoki Ikeda Yoshio Yamada Togoro Harada 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):56-61
Occurrence of the unknown basic ninhydrin positive substance in young plant tissue supplied with a high level of ammonium nitrogen has been reported in the previous paper (1). This substance disappeared when the supply of ammonium nitrogen was stopped or the source of nitrogen was changed from ammonium nitrogen to nitrace nitrogen, and this substance was verg scarcely detected when the level of ammonium nitrogen in culture solution was as low as 3 ppm or the foren of nitrogen source was nitrace nitrogen. It is very interesting to identify this substance, as the occurrence of this substance is a distinctive character of the plant which han been supplied with a higher level of ammonium nitrogen and has developed the symptoms of ammonia toxicity. 相似文献
63.
Yuichi Saeki Takeo Yamakawa Motoki Ikeda Junji Ishizuka 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(2):413-417
Almost all of the soybean cultivars (Glycine max L. Merr.) form nodules on their roots by infection with Bradyrhizobium japonicum. However, it has been observed that the soybean cultivars harboring nodulation conditioning genes, for instance Rj 2, Rj 3, and Rj 4, do not form effective nodules with some strains of B. japonicum. Ishizuka et al. (1991b) classified the rhizobia isolated from field-grown soybeans into nodulation-types A, B, and C based on the compatibility with these Rj-soybean cultivars. Nodulation-type B is incompatible with Rj 2 Rj 3-cultivars and type C is incompatible with Rj 4-cultivars. Nodulation-type A rhizobia are compatible with both Rj 2 Rj 3 - and Rj 4-cultivars. Furthermore, the Rj-cultivars were found to prefer appropriate nodulation-type rhizobia for nodulation, that is, non-Rj-, Rj 2 Rj 3 -, and Rj 4-cultivars prefer nodulation-types A, C, and B rhizobia, respectively (Ishizuka et al. 1991a). In the present study, in order to examine the mechanisms of preference of Rj-cultivars for rhizobial strains for nodulation, root exudates from Rj-cultivars were examined for their effects on the growth rate and chemotaxis of various types of B. japonicum strains. 相似文献
64.
Jinghui LIU Mohamed A. MAREY Rasoul KOWSAR Nina HAMBRUCH Takashi SHIMIZU Shingo HANEDA Motozumi MATSUI Motoki SASAKI Hiroyuki HAYAKAWA Christiane PFARRER Akio MIYAMOTO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(5):342-348
We have previously shown that polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) are present in bovine oviduct fluid under physiological
conditions, and that the oviduct provides a microenvironment that protects sperm from phagocytosis by PMNs. Alpha 1-acid
glycoprotein (AGP) is a major acute-phase protein produced mainly in the liver that has immunomodulatory functions. AGP mRNA
is expressed in extrahepatic organs, such as the lung, kidney, spleen, lymph node, uterus, and ovary. Therefore, in this
study, we investigated, 1) the local production of AGP in the bovine oviduct, 2) the effect of AGP on the phagocytic activity
of PMNs for sperm and superoxide production and 3) the impact of AGP desialylation on the PMN phagocytosis of sperm. The AGP
gene was expressed in cultured bovine oviduct epithelial cells (BOECs) and AGP protein was detected in oviduct fluid.
Preexposure of PMNs to AGP at physiological levels impaired PMN phagocytosis for sperm and superoxide generation. The
desialylation of AGP eliminated these suppressive effects of AGP on PMN. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that AGP
drastically reduced the formation of DNA-based neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) for sperm entanglement. Additionally,
AGP dose-dependently stimulated BOECs to produce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) which has been shown to
partially contribute to the regulation of sperm phagocytosis in the bovine oviduct. AGP and PGE2 at concentrations
detected in the oviducts additively suppressed sperm phagocytosis by PMNs. These results provide evidence that locally
produced AGP may be involved in protecting sperm from phagocytosis by PMNs in the bovine oviduct. 相似文献
65.
Natsumi SHIMIZU Kimihiro UENO Ena KURITA Seung-Wook SHIN Takuji NISHIHARA Tomoko AMANO Masayuki ANZAI Satoshi KISHIGAMI Hiromi KATO Tasuku MITANI Yoshihiko HOSOI Kazuya MATSUMOTO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(3):179-186
In the mammalian testis, the ubiquitin-proteasome system plays important roles in the process that promotes the formation of
mature sperm. We recently identified zygote-specific proteasome
assembly phaperone (ZPAC), which is specifically expressed in the mouse
gonads and zygote. ZPAC mediates a unique proteasome assembly pathway in the zygote, but the expression profile and function
of ZPAC in the testis is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the possible role of ZPAC during mouse
spermatogenesis. First, we analyzed the expression of ZPAC and 20S proteasome subunit α4/PSMA7 in the adult mouse testis.
ZPAC and α4 were expressed in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids. In elongating spermatids, ZPAC was
expressed until step 10, whereas expression of α4 persisted until step 12. We then examined the expression profile of ZPAC
and α4 in a mouse model of experimental unilateral cryptorchidism. Consistent with appearance of morphologically impaired
germ cells following cryptorchidism, the ZPAC protein level was significantly decreased at 4 days post induction of
experimental cryptorchidism (D4) compared with the intact testis, although the amount of α4 protein persisted at least until
D10. Moreover, intense ZPAC staining was co-localized with staining of annexin V, an early indicator of apoptosis in
mammalian cells, in germ cells of cryptorchid testis, but ZPAC was also expressed in germ cells showing no detectable
expression of annexin V. These results suggest that ZPAC plays a role during spermatogenesis and raises the possibility that
20S proteasome mediated by ZPAC may be involved in the regulation of germ cell survival during spermatogenesis. 相似文献
66.
Esmot ara Begum Motoki Bonno Makoto Obata Hatsumi Yamamoto Masatoshi Kawai Yoshihiro Komada 《Journal of circadian rhythms》2006,4(1):11-7
Background
Biological rhythmicity, particularly circadian rhythmicity, is considered to be a key mechanism in the maintenance of physiological function. Very little is known, however, about biological rhythmicity pattern in preterm and term neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). In this study, we investigated whether term and preterm neonates admitted to NICU exhibit biological rhythmicity during the neonatal period. 相似文献67.
Fukuoka K Sawabe A Sugimoto T Koga M Okuda H Kitayama T Shirai M Komai K Komemushi S Matsuda K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(20):6326-6329
Atherosclerosis is a vascular disorder involving inflammation, a narrowed vascular lumen in the entire tunica intima, and reduced elasticity of the arterial wall. It has been found that Hsp60 from Chlamydia pneumoniae, an obligate bacterial pathogen associated with atheroma lesions, mimics human Hsp60, thereby causing attacks by immune cells on stressed endothelial cells expressing endogenous Hsp60 on their surface. Furthermore, Hsp60 from C. pneumoniae has been shown to promote the growth of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). To explore probes that can be used for studying signal transduction elicited by the chlamydial Hsp60, we have tested several natural products for their inhibitory actions on the Hsp60-induced proliferation of rat arterial smooth muscle cells. Sesamol, vanillyl alcohol, and trans-ferulic acid exhibited moderate inhibitory actions on the Hsp60-induced cell proliferation; zerumbone, humulene, and caryophylene effectively inhibited it at low concentrations with IC(50) values of 529, 122, and 110 nM, respectively. The results indicated that the 11-membered alicyclic ring is favorable for interactions with receptors involved in the Hsp60-induced VSMC proliferation. 相似文献
68.
Omata Y Umeshita Y Watarai M Tachibana M Sasaki M Murata K Yamada TK 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(5):523-526
Twelve killer whale (Orcinus orca) were hemmed in by ice floes, and nine died on the Aidomari coast in the Nemuro Strait in Rausu, Shiretoko, Hokkaido, Japan on 8 February 2005. Tissue samples collected from 8 whales were tested for Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, and Brucella species DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Gamma-globulin isolated from blood samples by ammonium sulfate precipitation was tested for antibodies to these pathogens by means of agglutination tests and immunoblotting. None of the 8 tissue samples had antibodies to the pathogens, when subjected to agglutination tests. In immunoblotting, one sample (sample No.5) showed antibody binding to N. caninum antigens. In the PCR assay, none of the samples was positive. Further study is necessary to examine the prevalence of the pathogens in marine mammals inhabiting this area. 相似文献
69.
An experiment was conducted with 16 Japanese Black cows to determine the effects of different days on feed (89, 208, 271 and 341 days), inclusion levels of grain in concentrate (60% vs. 40%; dry matter (DM) basis) and roughage sources (hay vs. rice straw) on finishing performance. Additional four cows were slaughtered at 0 days on feed to obtain non‐fed carcass data. Maximum carcass weights were observed in cows fed for 271 days; an increase in carcass weight of only 14 kg was shown from 208 days to 271 days. The marbling score increased (P < 0.05) with days on feed. The percentage of fat in the subprimal rib linearly increased (P < 0.05) with days on feed. The percentage of lean meat was higher (P < 0.05) for cows fed rice straw than for cows fed hay as a roughage source. Increasing the days on feed decreased (P < 0.05) the yellowness of the fat. The effects of the inclusion levels of grain in concentrate on the finishing performance of cows were lower than the other two factors. In conclusion, feeding improves carcass values, but feeding over 208 days is an inefficient system of production in cows. 相似文献
70.
Endo H Fukuta K Kimura J Sasaki M Stafford BJ 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(10):1229-1235
We examined the geographical variation of the skull size and shape of the lesser mouse deer (Tragulus javanicus) from Laos, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Langkawi and some Islands of Tenasserim in Myanmar. Although the influence of the climatic condition on skull size was not confirmed in the mainland populations, the skull became rostro-caudally longer in the populations of Tenasserim and Sumatra because of island isolation effect. The skull size was classified into the following three clusters of localities from the matrix of Q-mode correlation coefficients: 1) Langkawi and Tenasserim, 2) Laos and Thailand, 3) Sumatra and Borneo. The skulls in the population of Java belong to the cluster of Langkawi and Tenasserim in male, however were morphologically similar to those in the cluster of Borneo and Sumatra. The canonical discriminant analysis pointed out that the Laos and Tenasserim populations were separated from the other ones and that the populations of Sumatra, Java and Borneo were intermingled each other. 相似文献