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81.
Geoffroy de la Rebière de Pouyade DVM MSc ; Sigrid Grulke DVM PhD DECVS ; Johann Detilleux DVM MSc PhD DECVPH ; Alexandra Salciccia DVM MSc ; Denis R. Verwilghen DVM MSc ; Isabelle Caudron DVM PhD DECVS ; Monika Gangl MV MSc DECVS Didier D.A. Serteyn DVM PhD DECVA 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(1):113-119
Objectives – The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of postoperative laminitis in colic cases and to determine if low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is effective in preventing this complication.
Design – Retrospective clinical study.
Animals – Client-owned horses.
Interventions – SC administration of enoxaparin during the postoperative period.
Measurements and Main Results – Medical records of 360 horses undergoing surgery for colic and surviving at least 3 days were evaluated. Fifty-six horses admitted before 1995 did not receive LMWH (control group) and 304 admitted after 1995 received LMWH as a prophylaxis for laminitis (treatment group). Three grades of severity were defined for laminitis. Prevalence and severity of laminitis were compared between the 2 groups. Several parameters recorded on admission (sex, age, breed, site and nature of the disease, heart rate, PCV, gravity score, and shock score) and the administration of LMWH were tested as risk factors in the development of laminitis in a logistic regression procedure. Prevalence and grade of laminitis were significantly lower in the treatment group. Only the absence of LMWH was recognized as a significant risk factor in the logistic regression model.
Conclusions – The administration of LMWH appears to be effective in the prophylaxis of laminitis following colic surgery and may be useful in the postoperative management of these horses. 相似文献
Design – Retrospective clinical study.
Animals – Client-owned horses.
Interventions – SC administration of enoxaparin during the postoperative period.
Measurements and Main Results – Medical records of 360 horses undergoing surgery for colic and surviving at least 3 days were evaluated. Fifty-six horses admitted before 1995 did not receive LMWH (control group) and 304 admitted after 1995 received LMWH as a prophylaxis for laminitis (treatment group). Three grades of severity were defined for laminitis. Prevalence and severity of laminitis were compared between the 2 groups. Several parameters recorded on admission (sex, age, breed, site and nature of the disease, heart rate, PCV, gravity score, and shock score) and the administration of LMWH were tested as risk factors in the development of laminitis in a logistic regression procedure. Prevalence and grade of laminitis were significantly lower in the treatment group. Only the absence of LMWH was recognized as a significant risk factor in the logistic regression model.
Conclusions – The administration of LMWH appears to be effective in the prophylaxis of laminitis following colic surgery and may be useful in the postoperative management of these horses. 相似文献
82.
The presented research is about the use of a new type of a functional inorganic additive in particleboards, for the purpose of reducing free formaldehyde releases. One-layered particleboards were prepared in the laboratory by mixing industrial wood particles and urea-formaldehyde resin. Natural, abundantly and cheaply available nano-mesoporous diatomaceous earth (DE) was used, without and in combination with urea as a scavenger. Silica quartz sand was also added as a nonporous analogy. Particleboards were pressed at two press factors (9 and 15 s/mm). Formaldehyde release was determined using the rapid 3-hour-flask method (DIN EN 717-3). As a result, DE additions insignificantly reduced bending properties of particleboards. Internal bonding was in part significantly lowered. The particleboard produced with 3% urea loaded on 5% DE prior to application almost halved (–45%) the formaldehyde release. Formaldehyde release was on the average 17% lower when pressed at 15 s/mm instead of 9 s/mm. By loading urea onto the nano-mesoporous structure of DE, an improved scavenging function of urea could be shown. 相似文献
83.
Claude Favrot Monika Linek Ralf Mueller Eric Zini for the International Task Force on Canine Atopic Dermatitis 《Veterinary dermatology》2010,21(1):64-70
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic or chronically relapsing human and canine skin disease that is known to affect the quality of life (QoL) of affected individuals. Several studies have been conducted to develop disease-specific questionnaires and assess QoL in parents of children with AD and in the children themselves. The severity of canine AD is however currently evaluated using only clinical and pruritus scores. Measurement of the QoL of affected dogs and their owners could therefore provide a new tool for assessing disease severity and treatment efficacy. Ninety-eight owners of AD-affected dogs were asked to complete two questionnaires aiming to evaluate the QoL of affected dogs and their owners on one hand and the relationship between them and their dog on the other hand. Statistical analyses were carried out in order to assess the validity of the questionnaires and to select relevant questions for future studies. These analyses resulted in the selection of 13 questions that could be used in further studies aiming at determining the QoL of affected animals and their owners. 相似文献
84.
Nina Thom Claude Favrot Klaus Failing Ralf S. Mueller Reto Neiger Monika Linek 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2010,133(2-4):183-189
The IgE specific Fc-? receptor test is widely used for serological evaluation of allergic canine patients. Aim of the study was to evaluate intra- and interlaboratory variability in three independent laboratories. Duplicate serum aliquots from 15 atopic dogs were submitted simultaneously to 3 laboratories (LA, LB, LC), which subsequently performed the test in a blinded fashion. LA and LC analysed sera for 35 allergens and expressed the results as optical density units (OD), while LB analysed 15 allergens and provided reaction grades (RG). Results were compared with three factorial ANOVA. Intralaboratory variability was evaluated by calculating the dispersion factor for data of LA and LC and standard deviation (SD) for LB. Correlation coefficients (r) were used to evaluate interlaboratory variability. Depending on the allergens, intralaboratory dispersion factor for LA and LC varied from 1.15 to 6.63 and 1.19 to 6.17, respectively. In LB the SD varied between 0 and 0.6 RG. Regarding interlaboratory variability, correlation of OD values between LA and LC was excellent (r > 0.8, p < 0.001) for 13 of 35 allergens. There was a significant difference in OD results for 9 allergens. The results were significantly correlated (r > 0.8, p < 0.001) for all except 3 allergens (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, mixed grasses, nettle). As far as negative/positive results were concerned, intralaboratory differences were 3.14% and interlaboratory differences were 4.76%. 相似文献
85.
The impact of storm water runoff on a small urban stream 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Vilmantė Karlavičienė Sigita Švedienė Danutė Elena Marčiulionienė Peter Randerson Mindaugas Rimeika William Hogland 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2009,9(1):6-12
Background, aim, and scope In urban areas, storm water runoff often transports various pollutants, some of which settle and form sediments. In order
to have the comprehensive view of the ecological state of storm water runoff recipients, both water and sediments of the stream
must be assessed. In the Baltic Sea Area, the Water Framework Directive & HELCOM Recommendations aim to prevent or minimise
pollution caused by harmful substances arising from storm water runoff, in order to promote the ecological restoration of
the Baltic Sea—one of the most vulnerable seas. The aim of the study was to investigate the toxicity of bottom sediments of
a small storm water runoff recipient focusing on the potential impact of successive discharges of urban storm water. Some
storm water runoff quality parameters and the toxicity of bottom sediments of recipients was studied in this research.
Materials and methods During 9 years, at four discharge points, minimum four grab samples per year at each discharge point were taken for chemical
characterisation. General parameters (pH, SS, BOD7, CODCr and TPH) in liquid phase samples were analysed according to standard methods. Annual limit values were taken from the Lithuanian
EPA requirements for the management of storm water runoff with a focus on prevention and control of contamination. Eleven
composite samples of stream bottom sediments, each consisting of ten sub-samples, were collected in 2006. Toxicity screening
from sediments was performed using the plant Lepidium sativum according to modified I. Magone’s methodology (Magone I, Bioindication of phytotoxicity of transport emission. In: Kachalova
O-L, Zinatne (eds) Bioindication of toxicity of transport emissions in the impact of highway emissions on natural environment. Riga, pp 108–116, 1989). The level of toxic impact of Lepidium sativum (compared to control) was assessed according to the modified method of Wang (Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 126:88–127, 1992).
Results The mean pH of urban storm water runoff does not vary much from neutral, but range values are quite different, from 4.0 up
to 8.7. The highest concentration of SS reached 800 mg L−1, TPH—2.4 mg L−1, BOD7—300 mg O2 L−1 and CODCr—1,400 mg L−1. The SS was above the limit in 64% of total amount of grab samples, TPH—37%, BOD7—41% and CODCr—55%. The toxicity analysis of the bottom sediments showed varying toxicity of bottom sediments along the stream. From nine
analysed samples of bottom sediments, 30% had weak toxicity, 30% medium and 30% strong toxicity on the test organism plant
L. sativum. There was one single sample with no toxic effects, so that the results showed that urban storm water has an unacceptable
environmental impact on recipients. It was also indicated that storm water runoff discharge alone is not the potential source
of toxicity of bottom sediments. The litter demonstrated a weak toxicity of bottom sediments as well.
Discussion Most local authorities do not consider storm water runoff discharges to be a matter of great concern because they believe
that surface runoff arising from rainfall is still relatively clean. The study showed that the current method of monitoring
storm water runoff quality by chemical analyses is not the best tool for environmental impact assessment and must be combined
with toxicity tests of bottom sediments of recipients.
Recommendations and perspectives To avoid the environmental impact of storm water runoff more attention should be paid to the development and implementation
of storm water runoff pollution prevention measures. The study implies that future research concerning the relationships between
storm water runoff deposit characteristics and biological activities must be developed to evaluate the contamination potential
of stream sediment deposits for local aquatic ecosystems. Further studies should be developed to characterise the activities
of the microbial community of storm water runoff sediments, and to monitor bioremediation in situ. 相似文献
86.
Juan Mario Sanz‐Penella Jos Moiss Laparra Yolanda Sanz Monika Haros 《Cereal Chemistry》2012,89(5):223-229
The aim of this investigation was to study the influence of different bran proportions and particle sizes, addition of fungal phytase, and α‐amylase addition on bread quality and phytate levels, and how these treatments affect availability of iron to intestinal epithelial (Caco‐2) cells. Potential mineral contributions to dietary reference intakes and phytate‐to‐mineral molar ratios were also evaluated. Wheat bran supplementation significantly affected bread quality. Smaller bran particle size affected crumb firmness negatively, whereas the use of α‐amylase, in some cases in combination with phytase, could improve technological bread quality. The use of phytase in the formulation significantly reduced the level of phytates, and phytate hydrolysis also led to smaller bran particle size. Increasing the bran proportion used in the bread formulation increased the iron concentration in bread samples by 18.9%. Phytase addition proved to be a useful strategy to improve iron dialyzability; however, incomplete dephytinization still had an inhibitory effect on iron uptake, with the exception of samples formulated with 10% bran. The inhibitory effect of phytate could be predicted from the values of the phytate‐to‐iron ratios. Reduction of particle size did not improve iron availability or uptake by Caco‐2 cells. 相似文献
87.
88.
89.
Cesonienė L Daubaras R Jasutienė I Venclovienė J Miliauskienė I 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(3):238-244
Benzoic acid, total anthocyanins, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and colour properties in juice of the American cranberry
Vaccinium macrocarpon and the European cranberry Vaccinium oxycoccos were investigated. Berry juices of V. macrocarpon cultivars were distinguished by their higher total anthocyanin and benzoic acid amounts. These cultivars accumulated on average
43.11 mg/l of benzoic acid and 92.45 mg/l of total anthocyanins. The levels of benzoic acid and total anthocyanins in V. oxycoccos cultivars were 17.52 mg/l and 42.54 mg/l, respectively. The V. macrocarpon cultivars ‘Franklin’, ‘Le Munyon’, ‘Searles’, and ‘Early Richard’ were selected as the best according to the enhanced total
anthocyanins and benzoic acid amounts. The separation of anthocyanins by HPLC-UV-VIS revealed the presence of six anthocyanins,
with peonidin-3-galactoside being the most prevalent. Galactoside together with glucoside conjugates comprised the largest
percentage of total anthocyanins in the juices of V. macrocarpon and V. oxycoccos cultivars. 相似文献
90.
Dandrieux JR Timm K Roosje PJ Welle M Howard J Brühschwein A Francey T 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2011,47(2):117-121
A 7 mo old female English springer spaniel was presented with diarrhea, vomiting, apathy, and hyperthermia. Further examinations revealed generalized lymphadenomegaly consistent with sterile neutrophilic-macrophagic lymphadenitis and pulmonary involvement. Subcutaneous nodules developed one day after presentation. Histology was consistent with sterile idiopathic nodular panniculitis and vasculitis. No infectious organism was isolated. The dog responded to prednisolone, but relapsed during medication tapering. Cyclosporine had to be added to control the disease. No further relapse had occurred 98 wk after the first presentation. This is an unusual presentation of a systemic sterile neutrophilic-macrophagic lymphadenitis with nodular panniculitis and vasculitis associated with gastrointestinal and pulmonary signs. 相似文献