早熟马铃薯早大白施用钾肥增产效果研究

增施钾肥是早熟马铃薯一项重要的增产作措施 , 试验结果表明 , 早熟马铃薯早大白施氧化钾90kg·hm-2增产效果显著,较对照增产13 552.5kg·hm-2,增产率57.9%;大中薯率较对照提高16.5个百分点.     

寒地水稻不同育秧方式及不同播量对秧苗素质的影响

针对寒地稻作区特殊的气候条件、品种特性,机插中苗、手插中苗、钵育中苗面积越来越大,通过不同播量设计,分析不同播量对秧苗素质的影响,确定了播量与占地面积、茎基宽、充实度、根量呈指数变化,播量与叶龄呈直线负相关,从而确定了不同中苗的适宜播量。     

寒地水稻苗床追肥效果试验

通过试验表明,将目前水稻床土基肥量减少25%~30%,1.5叶期每盘再追施氮素2g,有利于培育带蘖壮秧。     

紫花苜蓿GDP解离抑制蛋白基因cDNA的克隆、分析及烟草转化

采用RT-PCR方法,克隆得到紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)GDP解离抑制蛋白基因cDNA核心区域序列,命名为MsGDI1。序列分析结果表明,该cDNA核心区域全长1575 bp,包含一个1332 bp的最大开放阅读框,编码444个氨基酸。半定量RT-PCR分析结果表明,在盐胁迫和铝胁迫条件下,MsGDI1基因的表达随着胁迫时间的增加而上升,该基因可能与紫花苜蓿抗盐耐铝机理有关。借助于新构建的该基因超表达载体,用农杆菌介导方法转化烟草(Nicotiana tabacum L.)。转基因烟草植株PCR检测的结果表明,MsGDI1基因已经成功插入到烟草基因组中,为进一步研究该基因的功能奠定了基础。     

中国3种旧大陆猴TRIMCyp嵌合基因的存在状况及基因特性研究

本研究应用PCR方法检测了中国3种旧大陆猴(恒河猴、食蟹猴及藏酋猴)的TRIMCyp嵌合基因型个体的存在状况,并首次发现携带TRIMCyp嵌合基因中国品系恒河猴。同时本实验应用建立RT-PCR方法在mRNA水平上进一步检测了恒河猴和食蟹猴的TRIMCyp嵌合基因序列和特性。其编码的融合蛋白TRIMCyp丧失了对HIV-1复制的限制功能,推测具有该基因型旧大陆猴对HIV-1更易感,可用于建立新型的艾滋病非人灵长类动物模型。本研究结果将促进逆转录病毒跨种间传播的研究和建立HIV-1易感非人灵长类动物模型。     

大兴安岭林区湿地生态水环境失调机理探析

阐述了大兴安岭林区湿地特征和生态水环境失调机理,指出该区大气转暖期的温室效应增加,原始森林被砍伐,湿地排水造林,三者相互制约,促使降水径流加速,冻结滞水层融深和融水量加大,地面蒸发作用增强,并人为加大湿地及其流域内地表积水和地下径流向山地河谷排泄,导致湿地生态水环境失调,由此造成大兴安岭针叶森林、冻结滞水层分布区向北和高海拔退缩,森林生态水环境随之失调恶化。     

内蒙古呼包鄂区域协调评价

以内蒙古呼和浩特市、包头市、鄂尔多斯市为研究对象,采用了层次分析法从经济水平、社会水平、资源环境3个方面构建指标体系,建立研究模型,对2010年呼和浩特市、包头市、鄂尔多斯市的区域系统发展程度进行了分析评价.     

种植密度对东北特早熟棉区棉花生物量和氮素累积的影响

 以辽棉19号（生育期125 d）和新棉33B（生育期135 d）2个生育期差异较大的品种为材料,于2007－2008年在东北特早熟棉区（辽宁辽阳,41°26' N,123°14' E）设置棉花种植密度试验（7.50万、9.75万、12.00 万株·hm^-2）,研究不同棉花群体生物量与氮素动态累积特征的差异及其与产量品质形成的关系。结果表明,棉花群体生物量和氮素累积动态随生育进程的变化符合“S”型曲线,棉花群体生物量和氮素存在异速累积现象,氮素累积快速起始期及终止期均较生物量累积提前10 d左右。2品种均以9.75 万株·hm^-2密度下棉花生物量、氮素动态累积过程最为优化,皮棉产量最高,纤维品质最优;密度过高尽管群体生物量、氮素累积量较高,但经济产量下降。     

心痛方对心肌缺血模型大鼠MPO 活性 及PS 表达的干预作用

目的探讨心痛方对心肌缺血大鼠模型心肌梗死面积及髓过氧化物酶（MPO）、P 选择素（PS）的干预作 用。方法80 只清洁级SD 大鼠,随机分成假手术组、模型组、心痛方组、欣康组,采用结扎法造成心肌缺血模型,NBT 染色法测心肌梗死面积,比色法检测MPO 活性,免疫组化法检测PS 的表达。结果1.模型组、心痛方组、欣康组心肌梗 死面积、MPO 活性及PS 表达均显著高于假手术组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）;2.心肌梗死面积比较,心痛方组、欣康 组分别小于模型组（P<0.05）,差异均有统计学意义;3.MPO 活性比较,心痛方组、欣康组分别低于模型组（P<0.05）,而 心痛方组低于欣康组（P<0.05）,差异均有统计学意义;4.PS 表达比较,心痛方组、欣康组分别低于模型组（P<0.05）,差 异均有统计学意义。结论心痛方能缩小心肌梗死面积,抑制缺血心肌MPO 活性及PS 表达。在抑制MPO 活性方面心 痛方优于欣康。     

Oral vaccination of brushtail possums with BCG: Investigation into factors that may influence vaccine efficacy and determination of duration of protection

AIMS: To determine factors that may influence the efficacy of an oral pelleted vaccine containing Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) to induce protection of brushtail possums against tuberculosis. To determine the duration of protective immunity following oral administration of BCG.

METHODS: In Study 1, a group of possums (n=7) was immunised by feeding 10 pellets containing dead Pasteur BCG, followed 15 weeks later with a single pellet of live Pasteur BCG. At that time, four other groups of possums (n=7 per group) were given a single pellet of live Pasteur BCG orally, a single pellet of live Danish BCG orally, 10 pellets of live Pasteur BCG orally, or a subcutaneous injection of live Pasteur BCG. For the oral pelleted vaccines, BCG was formulated into a lipid matrix, and each pellet contained approximately 10⁷ colony forming units (cfu) of BCG, while the vaccine injected subcutaneously contained 10⁶ cfu of BCG. A sixth, non-vaccinated, group (n=7) served as a control. All possums were challenged by the aerosol route with a low dose of virulent M. bovis 7 weeks after vaccination, and killed 7–8 weeks after challenge. Protection against challenge with M. bovis was assessed from pathological and bacteriological findings.

In Study 2, lipid-formulated live Danish BCG was administered orally to three groups of possums (10–11 per group), and these possums were challenged with virulent M. bovis 8, 29 or 54 weeks later. The possums were killed 7 weeks after challenge, to assess protection in comparison to a non-vaccinated group.

RESULTS: The results from Study 1 showed that vaccine efficacy was not adversely affected by feeding dead BCG prior to live BCG. Feeding 10 vaccine pellets induced a level of protection similar to feeding a single pellet. Protection was similar when feeding possums a single pellet containing the Pasteur or Danish strains of BCG. All vaccinated groups had significantly reduced pathological changes or bacterial counts when compared to the non-vaccinated group. In Study 2, oral administration of Danish BCG induced protection against challenge with M. bovis, which persisted for at least 54 weeks after vaccination. Some protection was observed in possums challenged 54 weeks after vaccination, but this protection was significantly less than that observed in groups vaccinated 29 or 8 weeks prior to challenge. There was a strong relationship between the proportion of animals producing positive lymphocyte proliferation responses to M. bovis antigens and protection against challenge with M. bovis.

CONCLUSIONS: Factors considered potentially capable of interfering with vaccination, including feeding dead BCG to possums prior to feeding live BCG, feeding multiple doses of BCG at one time, and changing strains of BCG, were shown not to interfere with the acquisition of protective immune responses in possums. Protection against tuberculosis was undiminished up to 29 weeks after vaccination with BCG administered orally. It is concluded that vaccination of possums by feeding pellets containing BCG is a robust and efficient approach to enhance the resistance of these animals to tuberculosis.