Correlation between lipid peroxidation and phenolics content in leaves and roots of sugar beet infected with Rhizoctonia solani

The correlation between intensity of lipid peroxidation and changes in antioxidant capacity of sugar beet plants (cv. ‘Drena’) infected with Rhizoctonia solani Kühn isolate (AG 2-2 IIIB group) was studied. Successful inoculation was confirmed by the presence of infection cushions in a cross section of leaf petioles. On the 7^th day of the experiment, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL; EC. 4.3.1.5) activity was in negative correlation with intensified lipid peroxidation process in leaves of sugar beet plants (r= –0 .99). Also, in leaves and roots of inoculated sugar beet plants, total flavonoids content (35% and 20%, respectively) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-scavenging activity (80% and 55%, respectively) were significantly reduced. Necrotic processes resulting from R. solani infection of sugar beet plants was followed by induction of plant phenolics metabolism; however, antioxidant capacity of these plants was reduced.     

Spectral sensitivity of the electroretinogram b-wave in dark-adapted Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch, 1782)

One of the purposes of this study was to examine whether b-wave measurements can be used in the evaluation of scotopic spectral sensitivity in Prussian carp measurements when the eyes were surgically deprived of cornea, lens, and most of the vitreous. Another goal was testing the new fitting procedure for A2-based photopigments. Using fitted amplitude-log intensity functions for threshold calculation, and two models for computer-assisted fitting of spectral sensitivity curves, no significant differences in λ _max were found between rod photopigments and b-wave-based spectral sensitivity.     

Variation in Nutritional Quality and Chemical Composition of Fresh Strawberry Fruit: Combined Effect of Cultivar and Storage

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Bioclimatic air ionisation system (BI) works by neutralising air pollutants and microorganisms by means of oxidation with “activated oxygen”. We...     

Prion protein gene polymorphism and blood lymphocyte profile in cows naturally infected with bovine leukemia virus

The polymorphic loci of the bovine prion protein (PRNP) gene, comprising 23-bp insertion/deletion (23-bp indel) within the promoter sequence and 12-bp insertion/deletion (12-bp indel) within the intron 1 sequence, are located in regions which play a key role in gene expression. The objective of this study was to determine whether the 23-bp and 12-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism within the PRNP gene leads to significant differences in the blood lymphocyte profile and to investigate changes in the composition of these cells in cattle naturally infected with Bovine Leukemia Virus. An analysis of the effect of the bovine PRNP gene polymorphism on the blood lymphocyte profile revealed considerable differences between animals with the 23-bp indel genotypes, and small and statistically non-significant differences between those with the 12-bp indel genotypes. 23-bp del/del homozygotes had a significantly lower percentage of T lymphocytes with the phenotypes CD2 (P < 0.01), CD8 (P < 0.01) and WC1-N2 (P < 0.05), and a higher ratio of CD4 to CD8 T lymphocytes, compared to animals with the 23-bp ins/ins genotype. The obtained results indicate that the 23-bp indel polymorphism, in contrast to the 12-bp indel polymorphism, has a significant effect on changes in the blood lymphocyte profile. The size of blood lymphocyte subpopulations was also found to change under the influence of enzootic bovine leukosis. The direction of those changes in EBL-positive animals is consistent with that observed in 23-bp del/del homozygotes, which may testify to the adverse effect of this genotype on immunological efficiency.     

Genetic diversity and virulence of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris isolates from Brassica napus and six Brassica oleracea crops in Serbia

The present study provides insight into the diversity of 147 Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) isolates obtained from six Brassica oleracea vegetable crops (broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, collard greens, kale, kohlrabi) and the winter oilseed rape crop Brassica napus, collected from different regions in Serbia in 2014. The XCF/XCR pathovar-specific primer set was used for fast preliminary identification. In repetitive sequence-based PCR (BOX, ERIC and REP) of all isolates, a higher level of genetic diversity was found in winter oilseed rape isolates compared to isolates from the other hosts. ERIC and REP-PCR showed the highest heterogeneity, with 10 and nine banding patterns, respectively. The REP-PCR results showed the highest correlation (70%) with those obtained with multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), performed with 10 housekeeping genes (fusA, gap-1, gltA, gyrB1, lacF, lepA, rpoD, dnaK, fyuA and gyrB2). Three distinct phylogenetic groups of winter oilseed rape isolates were detected using MLSA. Two genes, gltA and rpoD, showed the greatest ability to identify and discriminate winter oilseed rape Xcc isolates from isolates of the other six hosts. The lepA gene exhibited specific three-nucleotide changes in sequences of some of the isolates. Results of virulence testing of 18 representative isolates showed statistically significant host–pathogen specialization for Xcc isolates from winter oilseed rape, cauliflower, kale and kohlrabi. In conclusion, oilseed rape isolates are more genetically diverse and show greater specialization to their host in comparison to the rest of the tested isolates from other brassica hosts.     

Der Ringelspinner und der Schwammspinner und ihre Parasiten

Ohne Zusammenfassung