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991.
da Cruz CE de Oliveira LG Boabaid FM Zimermann FC Stein G Marks F Cerva C Lieberknecht C Canal CW Driemeier D 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2011,42(3):451-459
Pekin robins (Leiothrix lutea) were once the most widely kept softbills in captivity. As a result of the Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (CITES-1997), the worldwide trade of wild-caught pekin robins has been prohibited due to the depletion of native populations of this species. In Brazil, as in other countries, pekin robins imported prior to the enactment of the CITES have disappeared from aviaries because the end of the birds' natural life span has passed, and only very few captive-bred pekin robins now exist. While captive propagation fails to address the primary causes of wild bird population decline, it might help the recovery of populations of this species. This article presents records made over a 10-yr period of a captive colony of pekin robins. Emphasis is placed on the management of the flock, the ailments affecting the birds, and the findings associated with bird losses. The main causes of bird losses included rearing management failures and age-related disorders. 相似文献
992.
Suárez-Bonnet A Herráez P Martín de las Mulas J Rodríguez F Déniz JM Espinosa de los Monteros A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2011,(3):345-351
14-3-3 σ protein is a negative cell cycle regulator, with both reduced and elevated levels associated with cancer in humans. This study assessed the expression of this protein in canine mammary tissues using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. 14-3-3 σ was detected in 97% of the mammary tissue samples examined and was found in both myoepithelial (MECs) and epithelial (ECs) cells. Expression levels were elevated and reduced in neoplastic ECs and MECs, respectively (P < 0.001). Intense expression of 14-3-3 σ was detected in neoplastic ECs infiltrating blood vessels and lymph nodes and suggests a possible role for this protein in the malignant transformation of mammary neoplasms. Moreover, double immunostaining for 14-3-3 σ and the MEC – specific marker p63, confirmed that 14-3-3 σ is a highly sensitive marker of MECs since all p63 – positive cells were also positive for 14-3-3 σ. However, this protein is not exclusive to MECs as ECs also labelled positively. 相似文献
993.
994.
FlordeFátima Rosas-Cárdenas Noé Durán-Figueroa Jean-Philippe Vielle-Calzada Andrés Cruz-Hernández Nayelli Marsch-Martínez Stefan de Folter 《Plant methods》2011,7(1):4
Background
Small RNAs emerged over the last decade as key regulators in diverse biological processes in eukaryotic organisms. To identify and study small RNAs, good and efficient protocols are necessary to isolate them, which sometimes may be challenging due to the composition of specific tissues of certain plant species. Here we describe a simple and efficient method to isolate small RNAs from different plant species. 相似文献995.
As a result of the study carried out between 2007 and 2009 in the eastern part of the Black Sea Region of Turkey, 4 genera and 17 species were determined as new records for the Turkish aphid fauna. New recorded species are Aphis arbuti, Aphis cytisorum, Aphis kachkoulii, Cavariella digitata, Chaitophorus kapuri, Chaitophorus longisetosus, Cinara pinivora, Illinoia lambersi, Myzus beybienkoi, Neobetulaphis pusilla, Phyllaphis fagifoliae, Pseudessigella brachychaeta, Schizaphis rotundiventris, Symdobious oblongus, Thecabius lysimachiae, Thelaxes californica and Tinocallis takachihoensis. With these new records, the number of genera increased to 134 and the number of the species in the Turkish aphid fauna amounted to about 480. Since Turkey has a huge range of agricultural crops and a great diversity in its natural flora, research conducted on the Turkish aphid fauna has current and future indications for plant protection. 相似文献
996.
First-stage larvae of camallanid nematodes Procamallanus (Procamallanus) laeviconchus (Wedl, 1862) and Procamallanus (Procamallanus) sp. from naturally infected Distichodus niloticus (Hasselquist) and Clarias gariepinus (Burchell), respectively, from Lake Turkana, Kenya (new geographical records) are described, being for the first time studied by scanning electron microscopy. Larvae of both species are characterised by the presence of a dorsal cephalic tooth, four submedian cephalic papillae and a pair of amphids, and by the elongate tail with several terminal digit-like processes. The latter formations probably serve for the attachment of larvae to the substrate in water when the larvae attract copepod intermediate hosts by their movements; these structures, especially their numbers, may be of taxonomic importance in camallanid nematodes. 相似文献
997.
A new copepod species, Acanthochondria sagitta sp. n., is described based on specimens collected from the flounder Xystreurys rasile (Jordan) (Pleuronectiformes, Paralichthyidae), caught in the coastal waters off Necochea, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The new species differs from its congeners by the following combination of characters: presence of three pairs of cephalic outgrowths; the triangular shape of the trunk with diverging postero-lateral processes; leg 2 of an intermediate shape between Types C and D, which projects laterally from the trunk, and Type B-V antennule bearing two proximal processes (one ventral and one dorsal) on the swollen basal portion. 相似文献
998.
In late 2003, a new disease appeared in protected bean crops in southeastern Spain, causing a decrease of over 50% in production.
Several samples of affected plants were collected and analyzed and the agent of this disease was identified as the bacterium
Erwinia aphidicola, which had never been described as a pathogen previously. We attempted to determine the possible bacterium transmission through
seeds, using 120 commercial bean seeds from the same batch as that used in an affected farm, and 120 seeds from the fruiting
plants of the same farm. Seed coats, cotyledons and leaves of plants originating from them, were taken and analyzed. Several
of the developed symptoms on plants from commercial and fruiting plant seeds were internervial chlorosis, necrotic pits and
rough roots and they coincided with those observed on affected crops. Bacteria present in commercial seed cotyledons were
isolated and analyzed by biochemical and molecular tests. Results confirmed the presence of Erwinia aphidicola in four analyzed seeds; moreover, Bacillus simplex/Bacillus muralis, Pseudomonas mendocina, Pseudomonas putida and Paenibacillus polymyxa were also identified. 相似文献
999.
Marie-France Corio-Costet Marie-Cécile Dufour Jérémy Cigna Pierre Abadie Wei-Jen Chen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,129(2):315-329
The effectiveness of Quinone outside Inhibitor (QoI) fungicides against grape downy mildew in European vineyards has significantly
decreased in the last decade. One nucleotide polymorphism, G143A in the cytochrome b gene of Plasmopara viticola, is involved in resistance to QoIs. Previous genetic examination on the mitochondrial genomes showed four major haplotypes
(IR, IS, IIR, IIS) coexisting in European vineyards. A resistant allele (G143A) was present in IR and IIR haplotypes. The
purpose of the present study was to estimate the diversity of the different mitochondrial haplotypes and their distribution
in QoI-resistant populations before evaluating the potential cost of the resistant mutation G143A in P. viticola population. From 2000 to 2004, the frequencies of resistant isolates ranged from 0% to 23.25% with an average of 4.64 % among
the populations examined. To evaluate the fitness of sensitive and resistant isolates, a comparison of different biological
parameters including latent period, spore production and infection frequency was performed, enabling a fitness index (FI) to be determined. Resistant isolates exhibited greater infection frequency than sensitive isolates, whereas no significant
difference was found in sporulation ability and latent period between sensitive and resistant isolates. To further investigate
competitiveness among isolates, an assay including two resistant isolates in different proportion with a sensitive isolate
was conducted on eight asexual growing cycles in the absence of a QoI fungicide. The competitiveness of resistant isolates
varied according to their fitness parameters, suggesting that there is no noticeable cost of QoI resistance in controlled
conditions in Plasmopara viticola. 相似文献
1000.
Elisabete Yurie Sataque Ono Elaine Cunha Moreno Mario Augusto Ono Carolina Nachi Rossi Gervásio Hitoshi Saito Édio Vizoni Yoshitsugu Sugiura Elisa Yoko Hirooka 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2011,131(4):653-660
In this study the effect of different cropping systems and crop successions was evaluated on natural Fusarium sp. contamination and fumonisin levels in corn. The cropping systems consisted of a conventional and no-tillage area cultivated
with corn in the summer following either oats or fallow in the winter (2006 and 2007 growing seasons). In addition, the effect
of applying nitrogen fertilizer (0, 22.5, 45.0, 90.0 and 90.0 kg ha−1 nitrogen supplemented with potassium oxide) on fumonisin contamination was evaluated in the 2006 growing season. Fusarium sp. was detected in 90% samples in 2006 and in 100% samples in 2007. In both growing seasons, no-till corn following oats
showed the highest mean fumonisin levels and differed significantly (P < 0.05) from all the others (2006) and from conventional till corn following either oats or fallow in the winter (2007).
Fumonisin levels ranged from 0.13 to 19.52 μg g−1 (mean 6.97 μg g−1) and from 3.70 to 7.75 μg g−1 (mean 6.29 μg g−1) in no-till corn following oats from the 2006 and 2007 growing seasons, respectively. Plots treated with 0 kg ha−1 and 22.5 kg ha−1 nitrogen showed the highest mean fumonisin levels and differed significantly from those with 45.0 and 90 kg ha−1 nitrogen. Fumonisin levels correlated negatively (P < 0.05) with the nitrogen fertilization rates. Although no-till is advantageous from a soil conservation standpoint, it may
enhance the potential for fumonisin contamination in corn. 相似文献