黔东南州林下鸡高致病性禽流感免疫程序研究

为了探索林下鸡高致病性禽流感免疫程序,在黔东南州的老寨、龙氏、平寨3个林下鸡场随机选择50只雏鸡,采用血凝抑制试验分别对母源抗体、首次免疫抗体、第2次免疫抗体、第3次免疫抗体的变化规律进行检测,研究出黔东南州林下鸡高致病性禽流感的免疫程序,即15日龄进行首次免疫,42～45日龄进行第2次免疫,135～140日龄进行第3次免疫,以后每隔4个月免疫1次。     

杂交玉米新组合金单999的育苗移栽制种技术

金单999是贵州省旱粮研究所选育,适宜南方丘陵和山区种植的高产、稳产、多抗玉米新品种。本文对金单999制种过程中的隔离、肥料、播种、管理、去杂、去雄等环节作了详细的阐述和要求。     

苍耳对不同植物幼苗的化感作用研究

在室内采用离体生物测定法,测定了苍耳水浸提物对小麦、高粱、黄瓜、油菜和萝卜的化感效应。结果表明,苍耳水浸提液对5种植物种子的萌发和生长均有较强的抑制作用,且相同浓度处理时,对胚根的生长抑制作用高于对胚芽的抑制作用。5种受体植物中,以油菜最为敏感,其次为萝卜。本研究还通过测定化感物质对植物光合作用的影响及MDA含量的变化,初步探讨了苍耳化感物质的作用特征。在0.025 g/mL浓度下,苍耳对去胚乳小麦幼芽、幼根的抑制率分别为58.33%和67.31%;同样浓度下,苍耳对黑暗条件下培养的高粱幼芽、幼根的抑制率分别为5.58%和32.34%;可以看出,苍耳对植物光合作用的影响明显高于对非光合作用的影响。化感物质处理后黄瓜和萝卜幼苗MDA含量均高于未加化感物质的对照处理,且化感物质浓度越高MDA含量越高。由此可以看出,苍耳对植物的化感作用与抑制植物的光合作用并使植物的MDA含量升高有关,对植物的非光合作用亦有不同程度的影响。     

苜蓿中草酸含量的测定及煮制对其含量影响研究

紫花苜蓿营养丰富,越来越受到大家的青睐,但苜蓿中的草酸会对人体健康产生间接影响.本文通过对比实验研究了煮制对苜蓿中草酸含量的影响情况.结果显示:新鲜苜蓿中含有一定量的草酸,但煮制后能去除约75％的草酸,故水煮苜蓿是有效去除草酸并保留营养成分的首选方法.     

Plasma triglyceride concentration during intravenous infusions of propofol and Intralipid in sheep

Plasma triglyceride concentrations were measured in sheep given Intralipid or propofol, which is carried in a vehicle very similar to 10% Intralipid. A bolus dose was administered followed immediately by an infusion of the same agent for 2 h. In the animals that received propofol, the measured concentration increased by a mean amount of 3.39 mmol/l when the infusion rate was l ml/min (Group Pl) and by 7.13 mmol/l when it was 2 ml/min (Group P2). When 10% Intralipid was administered and infused at 1 ml/min (Group I10), the measured concentration increased only by 0.95 mmol/l. One hour after stopping the infusion, the excess of measured concentration over baseline had decreased in the Pl and I 10 groups to 0.52 and 0.13, respectively, of the corresponding maximum excess. The method adopted for measuring plasma triglycerides is widely used in hospitals; however, an incidental observation revealed that it is inappropriate in the presence of injections of propofol or Intralipid. Despite this, evidence and argument are presented to support the conclusion that, with propofol, plasma triglyceride concentrations increased more rapidly during the infusions and returned to baseline more slowly than with a corresponding amount of Intralipid.     

基于实时荧光定量PCR技术的猪伪狂犬病活疫苗含毒量评价

为定量分析贵州省临床用猪伪狂犬病(pseudorabies,PR)活疫苗中病毒含量,根据GenBank中公布的伪狂犬病病毒(pseudorabies virus,PRV)gB基因序列(登录号:M17321.1)设计1对特异性引物,建立实时荧光定量PCR方法,并对来自6个不同厂家的猪伪狂犬病活疫苗进行含毒量分析。结果显示,试验成功建立了可用于PRV检测的实时荧光定量PCR方法,标准曲线中标准品各稀释度质粒拷贝数与Ct值呈良好的线性关系,标准曲线方程为:Y=-0.97X+33.66(R^2=0.999),该方法最低检测病毒含量为3.19×10~1拷贝/μL,敏感性高且具有良好的重复性和特异性。应用所建立的实时荧光定量PCR方法对贵州省临床用6个厂家生产的猪伪狂犬病活疫苗的病毒含量进行检测,结果显示,6种市售猪伪狂犬病活疫苗(A～F)中病毒含量分别为1.67×10~7、4.83×10~5、2.64×10~6、4.27×10~7、3.39×10~6和3.68×10~5拷贝/μL,来自不同厂家的疫苗病毒含毒量存在明显差异,最大差异可达116倍,其中来自A、D厂家的两种猪伪狂犬病活疫苗具有较高的含毒量。本试验所建立的实时荧光定量PCR方法可用于猪伪狂犬病活疫苗病毒含量的快速检测和评价,对猪伪狂犬病活疫苗的质控和临床用疫苗选择具有一定的指导意义。     

万州区农业产业化、农村工业化、农村城镇化发展不协调的表现研究

通过大量调查，分析了万州区农业产业化、农村工业化、农村城镇化发展不协调的表现。具体表现在：农业产业化与农村工业化发展不协调，工业化程度偏低，农业产业化程度不高，没有形成规模经济和产业链；农业产业化与农村城镇化发展不协调，影响市场容量的扩大，制约农业自身的发展，制约第三产业发展和农民进入城镇就业步伐，城镇化辐射带动能力弱；农村工业化与农村城镇化发展不协调，城镇对生产要素的集聚功能差，农村工业布局较分散且技术落后，“空城现象”明显；农业产业化、农村工业化、农村城镇化与区域经济发展不协调，区域经济发展水平不高，区域经济结构运行质量不高，区域经济的市场竞争力不强，区域经济的发展环境不优。     

大骨鸡MSTN基因的表达检测

以大骨鸡为试材,采用RT-PCR法检测了MSTN基因在大骨鸡不同器官中的表达情况。结果表明,MSTN基因在大骨鸡骨骼肌中表达水平较高,在心肌、肾脏、脑、肠、舌中也有微量表达,但在肺、肝脏中未检测出MSTN mRNA,而且在14日龄时表达水平高于35和56日龄。     

Fermentation substrate and dilution rate interact to affect microbial growth and efficiency

The effect of dilution rate (D) on carbohydrate, fibrous and nonfibrous, and protein fermentation by ruminal microorganisms was studied using a single-effluent continuous-culture system. The diets of fibrous carbohydrate, nonfibrous carbohydrate, or protein were formulated with soybean hulls (FC), ground corn (NFC), or isolated soy protein (PR) as the primary ingredient, respectively. Six dilution rates (.025, .050, .075, .10, .15, and .20/h of fermenter volume) were used. Digestibilities of DM, OM, and CP for the three diets and of NDF and ADF for the FC diet decreased (P<.001) as D increased, although the response of the digestibility to D varied with diet. Increasing D resulted in an increase in pH (P<.001) and a decrease (P<.001) in ammonia concentration. Daily volatile fatty acid production increased (quadratic; P<.01) for the FC and NFC diets, but decreased (quadratic; P<.001) for the PR diet. Increasing D quadratically increased (P<.001) the molar percentage of acetate and propionate, but quadratically decreased (P<.001) butyrate and valerate for the FC and NFC diets. For the PR diet, the molar percentage of propionate and valerate increased (quadratic; P<.01), whereas acetate and butyrate decreased (linear; P<.001) in response to increasing D. Molar percentage of isobutyrate and isovalerate decreased (P<.01) with increasing D for all three diets. As D increased, daily microbial N production showed quadratic responses with maximum values achieved at .126, .143, and .187/h D for the FC, NFC, and PR diet, respectively. There was a positive correlation between microbial growth efficiency (MOEFF) and D. A quadratic model fit the data of MOEFF as affected by D, and maximum MOEFF of 37.3, 59.6, and 71.4 g of bacterial N/kg OM truly fermented were calculated to be achieved at .177, .314, and .207/h D for the FC, NFC, and PR diet, respectively. Dilution rate significantly influenced the ruminal microbial fermentation of fibrous and nonfibrous carbohydrates and proteins, and was positively related to microbial yield and growth efficiency. In addition, microbial nitrogen composition, and therefore efficiency, was affected by substrate fermented.