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231.
Abiotic stress is a major limiting factor to crop productivity,and heat stress is one of the important elements for reduced crop production.Plants respond to heat stress at molecular and cellular levels as well as physiological level.Heat stress alters expression patterns of numerous genes in plants.At the molecular level,most of the information for heat stress response was obtained from model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana,Medicago trancatula,and ,Oryza sativa,but little molecular research has focused on heat stress respones in cotton. 相似文献
232.
Mehmet Zülfü Çoban Eylem Ezgi Fadiloğlu 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(9):960-966
This study aimed to determine the effect of propolis extract on quality of liquid smoked carp (Cyprinus carpio) sausage stored at 2°C for 9 weeks. Carp sausages were separated into three groups: control group, without propolis extract; second group, with 1% (w/w) propolis extract added; and third group, with 2% (w/w) propolis extract added. Propolis extract added carp sausages showed lower total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) value, peroxide value (PV), and free fatty acid (FFA) content compared to control during the storage period. During 9 weeks of storage, propolis extract added carp sausages showed significantly lower total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TAMB) and psychrophilic bacteria count (PBC) than those of control samples (p < .05). Yeast and mold were not detected in all fish sausages throughout the storage period. 相似文献
233.
Adequate supply of potassium improves plant water‐use efficiency but not leaf water‐use efficiency of spring wheat
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Enhancing crop water‐use efficiency (WUE) is a major research objective in water‐scarce agroecosystems. Potassium (K) enhances WUE and plays a crucial role in mitigating plant stress. Here, effects of K supply and PEG‐induced water deficit on WUE of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. Sonett), grown in nutrient solution, were studied. Plants were treated with three levels of K supply (0.1, 1, 4 mM K+) and two levels of PEG (0, 25%). WUE was determined at leaf level (WUEL), at whole‐plant level (WUEP), and via carbon isotope ratio (δ13C). Effects of assimilation and stomatal conductance on WUEL were evaluated and compared with effects of biomass production and whole‐plant transpiration (EP) on WUEP. Adequate K supply enhanced WUEP up to 30% and by additional 20% under PEG stress, but had no effect on WUEL. EP was lower with adequate K supply, but this effect may be attributed to canopy microclimate. Shoot δ13C responded linearly to time‐integrated WUEL in adequately supplied plants, but not in K‐deficient plants, indicating negative effects of K deficiency on mesophyll CO2 diffusion. It is concluded that leaf‐scale evaluations of WUE are not reliable in predicting whole‐plant WUE of crops such as spring wheat suffering K deficiency. 相似文献
234.
Mehmet Cengiz Sarper Ozbek Muhammad Furqan Asghar Chacher 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2022,86(1):74
This field study was conducted to compare conception and insemination efficiency responses to intrauterine polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I) and antibiotic (AB) treatments in dairy cows that experienced pregnancy loss. Data were collected from lactation cows with a history of pregnancy loss 27 to 70 days post-insemination (n = 97) during the 1st to 3rd lactation (days in milk = 196 ± 28). Cows were subjected to 1 of 3 treatments: i) 50 mL saline solution intrauterine infusion (S; n = 23); ii) 2% PVP-I (n = 42); or iii) 150 mg of amoxicillin trihydrate and 40 mg/mL gentamicin sulphate (n = 32). All cows followed the progesterone-based fixed-time insemination protocol. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test and 1-way analysis of variance. The PVP-I treatment (n = 25; 59.5%) was as effective as the AB treatment (n = 19; 59.4%), compared to the S treatment (n = 5; 21.7%) to achieve a new conception. The cows in group PVP-I conceived in a shorter time than those in group AB (46.0 ± 8.7 days versus 105.0 ± 10.0 days; P < 0.05) with a more efficient insemination to conception ratio (2.32 ± 0.43 versus 4.10 ± 0.32; P < 0.05). Data suggest that intrauterine PVP-I administration is superior to intrauterine AB administration in rescheduling reproductive protocol upon late embryonic and fetal losses. 相似文献
235.
The aim of this study was to estimate the evapotranspiration of cauliflower and red cabbage crops grown under cool season semiarid climatic conditions from Class A pan evaporation. Actual evapotranspiration (ETc) of cauliflower and red cabbage crops was calculated according to the water balance approach. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was calculated with FAO Penman-Monteith equation. Pan evaporation (Epan) was measured by using Class A pan. Seasonal ETc was determined as 475 mm for cauliflower and 556 nun for red cabbage. Seasonal pan coefficient (kp=ETo/Epan) was determined as 0.82, and the seasonal crop coefficient (kc=ETc/ETo) was determined as 0.84 for cauliflower and 0.83 for red cabbage. So the evapotranspiration of cauliflower and red cabbage crops was estimated as 70% Class A pan evaporation. 相似文献
236.
Pinar Yerlkaya Nalan Gokoglu Osman K Topuz & Mehmet Gokoglu 《Aquaculture Research》2009,40(15):1731-1734
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the proximate composition of bluefin tuna ( Thunnus thynnus ) muscle reared in cages during the fattening period. Samples were taken from tunas at monthly intervals between July and October. Moisture, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash were analysed. The fat and ash contents increased, and the moisture content decreased during the fattening period. There were no significant differences in the protein content during this period. The mean protein concentration was 21% over this period. The highest levels of dry matter (40%), fat (15%) and ash (1.21%) were found in October. Baitfish ( Sardina pilchardus, Sardinella aurita and Alosa fallax nilotica ) were also analysed. There were no differences in the moisture, protein and fat contents between baitfish, but a lower ash content was found in sardine than in the others. The mean moisture, protein, fat and ash contents of baitfish were found to be 68.28%; 19.2%; 8.5%; and 1.4% respectively. 相似文献
237.
In this study, it was aimed to perform an energy analysis of organic grape production in Besni district of Ad?yaman province of Turkey. In order to determine the energy input-output of organic grape production, the observations and surveys were performed in the 82 organic grape growers in Ad?yaman province. 82 farms were selected on full count method. The data obtained from study were collected from 82 different farms (398.32 hectares) by face to face questionnaires and observations. In organic grape farms, energy input-output analysis was also determinated by observation and survey methods in production season in 2015. In organic grape production, energy input was calculated as 24,875.06?MJ?ha?1 and energy output was calculated as 163,430?MJ?ha?1. Energy use efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy and net energy in organic grape production were calculated as 6.57; 0.56?kg?MJ?1, 1.79?MJ?kg?1 and 138,554.94?MJ?ha?1, respectively. 相似文献
238.
The goal of this study is to do the energy input-output analysis of organic mulberry. This study was conducted at the organic mulberry producing facilities during the 2015–2016 production seasons in Adiyaman-Tut region of Turkey. The agricultural input energies and output energies used in organic mulberry production were computed to determine the energy input-output analysis. According to the research findings, the energy inputs in organic mulberry production were computed respectively as 3948?MJ ha?1 (59.01%) drip and sprinkler irrigation energy, 1092.42?MJ ha?1 (16.33%) gravity irrigation energy, 449.33?MJ ha?1 (6.72%) diesel fuel energy, 416.52?MJ ha?1 (6.23%) farmyard manure energy, 335.14?MJ ha?1 (5.01%) human labour energy, 253.52?MJ ha?1 (3.79%) machinery energy, 93.12?MJ ha?1 (1.39%) transportation energy, 75.78 MJ ha?1 (1.13%) animal labour energy and 26.62?MJ ha?1 (0.40%) organic fertilizer energy. Total input energy was computed as 6690.46?MJ ha?1. Production output organic mulberry yield were calculated as 37,627.84?MJ ha?1. The energy output/input ratio, specific energy, energy productivity and net energy computations were computed respectively as 5.62, 1.51?MJ kg?1, 0.66?kg MJ?1 and 30,937.37?MJ ha?1. The consumed total energy input in organic mulberry production could be classified as 88.20% direct, 11.80% indirect, 88.10% renewable and 11.90% non-renewable. 相似文献
239.
Harun Cicek Serkan Ates Gazi Ozcan Mehmet Tezel Jennifer G. Kling Mounir Louhaichi Gurhan Keles 《Grass and Forage Science》2020,75(1):86-95
Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is one of the most drought-tolerant perennial legumes that can thrive in dry, alkaline soils. A 3-year study in the Central Anatolian Region of Turkey compared the persistence, productivity and nutritive value of sainfoin planted with nurse crops, namely Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) or triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm, ex A. Camus), at three seeding rates. Sainfoin and nurse crop emergence were significantly affected by the companion nurse crop, sowing rate and establishment year. The number of sainfoin plants at emergence was lower during a drier “bad” year (110 plant/m2) than in a “good” precipitation year (236 plant/m2). Triticale had a more negative impact on sainfoin growth than vetch. Planting nurse crops at high seeding rates (90 kg/ha) reduced the number of sainfoin seedlings as compared to the control, while the low seeding rate had little impact on sainfoin emergence. Planting sainfoin with triticale resulted in much greater yield exceeding 10 t/ha, but reduced the forage nutritive value compared to sainfoin monocultures and sainfoin–vetch mixtures. The seeding rate of the nurse crops during a dry year did not affect DM yield in the year of establishment nor in the following year. The findings of this study indicate that planting sainfoin with a nurse crop can substantially increase the DM yield in the year of establishment without yield penalties in the subsequent years, despite fewer established plants, as compared to sainfoin monocultures. 相似文献
240.
Daniel D Benetti Mehmet R Orhun Bruno Sardenberg Brian O'Hanlon Aaron Welch Ronald Hoenig Ian Zink José A Rivera Bristol Denlinger Donald Bacoat Kevin Palmer & Fernando Cavalin 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(7):701-711
This paper describes advances in hatchery and grow‐out technology of cobia (Rachycentron canadum, Linnaeus). In 2007, methods for capture, transport, acclimation, sampling, conditioned spawning, larval rearing, fingerling production, nursery, shipping and grow‐out have been perfected. Survival rates ranging from 17.5% to 35% were achieved from egg to shipping size fingerlings (1.0 g) in 2007 at the University of Miami Experimental Fish Hatchery, with production of approximately 20 000 fingerlings per 12 000 L tank. Wild and F1 broodstock cobia have been conditioned to spawn through temperature manipulation producing viable eggs for experimental and production level larval rearing trials in several hatcheries. Brood fish have also been induced to spawn using hormones. Cobia appear to be susceptible to infestations by parasitic protozoa such as Amyloodinium ocellatum and to infections caused by deleterious bacteria such as Photobacterium spp. and Vibrio spp. Prophylactic methods used to prevent and control epizootic diseases at the hatchery are summarized. Improved techniques for cage management were implemented, and both novel designs of submerged cages deployed in exposed areas and traditional gravity cages in protected areas have been used for commercial ongrowing of cobia in the Americas and the Caribbean region. 相似文献