序贯培养法对猪孤雌激活胚胎发育能力的影响

经体外成熟、孤雌激活和培养获得猪胚胎,研究了不同培养体系、共培养体细胞和序贯培养对猪孤雌激活胚胎发育的影响。试验表明:孤雌激活卵母细胞在SOF 10?S培养体系中分裂效果最好,添加胎牛血清的NCSU-23和颗粒细胞对胚胎发育有促进作用,培养6d后发育到桑囊胚的比率增加(P<0.05)。在序贯培养的前3d,SOF培养基(不含葡萄糖)和颗粒细胞对胚胎的发育有促进作用,分裂率(P<0.05)和突破4细胞阻滞的数目显著增加,在培养的后3d,添加胎牛血清的NCSU-23和输卵管上皮细胞能支持较多胚胎发育到桑囊胚,桑囊胚的发育率为(59.5±3.2)%(P<0.05)。结果表明,SOF培养基和颗粒细胞 添加胎牛血清的NCSU-23和输卵管上皮细胞的序贯培养系统能较好的促进胚胎的发育。     

Comparative phosphoproteome analysis of cardiomyocytes preconditioned by diazoxide

AIM: To analyze and identify the phosphoproteins associated with diazoxide preconditioning. METHODS: Proteomics technique was used to investigate the changes of phosphoprotein after diazoxide preconditioning. Adult rat ventricular myocytes were pretreated in the presence and absence of 200 μmol/L diazoxide for 10 min. Phosphoproteins prepared and enriched respectively from control and diazoxide pretreated groups were then separated by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and stained with sliver staining kit. Phosphoproteins of interest were further identified by mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Associated with diazoxide preconditioning, the proteins of chaperonin containing TCP-1 and hypothetical protein XP_346548 were phosphorylated significantly. The proteins of 94 kD glucose-regulated protein, calpactin I heavy chain and ferritin were dephosphorylated markedly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that cardiomyocytes undergo significant posttranslational modification via phosphorylation in a multitude of proteins in response to diazoxide preconditioned signaling, which may mediate myocardioprotection signaling downstream mitochondrial staining dish K_ATP channel induced by ischemic preconditioning.     

Increased expression and possible roles of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in pancreatic islets of STZ-induced diabetic monkeys

AIM: To verify and localize the expression of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) in pancreas of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic monkeys and understand its important role in β-cell destruction in the pathogenesis of diabetes. METHODS: Through an olig-microarray gene chip, NNMT was identified as the most obviously up-regulated genes in pancreas of STZ-induced diabetic monkeys versus controls. Semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to verify the differential expression at mRNA and protein level respectively. Then the cellular localization of NNMT expression within pancreas was identified by immunohistochemical(IHC) staining.RESULTS: An obvious high expression of NNMT at both mRNA and protein levels was shown in pancreas of STZ-induced diabetic monkeys compared to that of controls. Further localization of the protein by IHC staining in pancreas specimens showed that its altered expression was restricted to central islets, most of which were β cells.CONCLUSION: Expression of NNMT is increased in islets of STZ- induced diabetic monkeys, which infers that NNMT might participate in the process of β cell damage in diabetes probably through the mechanism of energy metabolism disturbance.     

不同施肥量对马铃薯产量的影响

以中薯3号马铃薯品种为试材,研究了不同钾肥用量和缺肥处理对马铃薯产量的影响。结果表明,适量的施用钾肥(8.56kg/667 m2)可以促进马铃薯的营养生长,提高生物产量和分配率,促进地下块茎膨大,从而提高经济产量和商品率,但过量施用钾肥则表现出一定的负效应。而缺肥试验表明,缺施氮肥对马铃薯产量的影响最大,其次是钾肥,再次是磷肥,缺施有机肥影响最小。     

松大蚜在城市绿地发生规律研究

在连续4 a观测松大蚜在辽南地区城市绿地发生情况基础上,记述了松大蚜在辽南城市绿地中的发生规律,认为松大蚜在城市绿地中偶尔发生,轻易不会暴发成灾。一旦发生量大,影响了松树的生长和观赏效果,也有诸多制约因子,可防可控。其中最有效的控制因子是一种鸟类--麻雀,对其控制起到至关重要的作用。在此基础上,提出了对该害虫的综合治理方法,为松大蚜在城市绿地中的控制提供了有力的防治依据。     

头骨形态指标鉴别水貂来源有效性的评估

人工驯养野生动物是获取野生动物产品的重要手段,但是非法盗猎的野生动物产品以人工饲养的名义进入市场,就会对野生动物的保护形成挑战。因此,准确鉴别市场上的动物产品是来自养殖场还是野外,是保护野外种群,维持养殖业正常秩序的关键。本研究以北美水貂(Neovison vison)为例,基于颧骨内侧空间(ZAS)、颧宽(ZAA和ZBA)、颅基长(BSL)、下颌长(MDL)、眶后收缩(POC)和最大面部宽度(GFB)等量度,建立了9个头骨形态计量学指标:POC/GFB、POC/BSL、POC/MDL、ZAS SQRT/BSL、ZA SSQRT/MDL、ZBA×BSL/2ZAS、ZBA×MDL/2ZAS、ZBB×BSL/2ZAS和ZBB×MDL/2ZAS。野生组(n=32,9雄23雌)和饲养组(n=45,35雄10雌)的比较表明,除POC/GFB外,所有指标对于在两组样品之间均有显著差异,整体判别正确率为73.2%—85.5%。在性别已知的情况下,雄性的整体正确率为82.4%—93.8%,雌性为41.7%—85.7%。为此,应针对不同性别、不同来源的动物建立相应的参考数据,利用似然比进行鉴别。本研究的结果不仅可用于北美水貂的鉴别,也为其他小型食肉动物的鉴别提供经验。     

关于水体总氮分析方法改良的两种办法

总氮是水体中氨氮、硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮和有机氮的总和,其主要来源于生活污水和农业面源污染.总氮的超标会使水库易发生赤潮,影响水域的使用功能.因此,总氮的测定对水体非常必要.但是在实际的水库监测中经常发现,氨氮和硝酸盐氮、亚硝酸盐氮的监测结果总和大于总氮,我们对此进行了研究,在此基础上提出,关于总氮分析方法改良的两种办法.     

几种金属离子对萼花臂尾轮虫的急性毒性试验

萼花臂尾轮虫是鱼苗最适口的优质饵料之一，也是生态研究的主要对象之一。其适应力强、生长快、繁殖迅速、培养成本低，极易在生产实践中推广应用。并可作为水环境监测的指示生物。通过对萼花臂尾轮虫的24h标准化急性毒性试验，证明了Zn^2 、Pb^2 、Cu^2 、Cd^2 对萼花臂尾轮虫具有急性毒害作用。     

牛老化卵体外受精后的胚胎发育速度与细胞遗传学研究

体外成熟培养和牛老化卵受精后发育到囊胚到期速度减慢。囊胚期的发育率分别为22h培养组的35．3％,34h组23．6％,46h组15．4％,胚胎的发育速度随培养时间的延长而明显减慢（P＜0．05）。46h组的囊胚期胚胎的平均卵裂球数明显少于22h组（P＜0．05）,老化组的染色体平均分裂像,分裂指数均明显低于对照组（P＜0．05）。染色体异常发生率46h组高于22h组。     

凉州灌区酿酒葡萄氮肥施用研究

[目的]通过田间试验,研究酿酒葡萄对不同氮肥施用量及施用深度的响应,为甘肃省凉州灌区酿酒葡萄氮肥合理施用提供依据。[方法]在凉州区设置酿酒葡萄氮肥施用量及施用深度试验,研究不同氮肥施用量及施用深度对酿酒葡萄产量、收获期果实、叶片和叶柄含氮量及收获期和第2a萌芽期0—200cm土层硝态氮含量的影响。[结果]10和30cm施肥深度之间酿酒葡萄产量、收获期果实、叶片和叶柄含氮量及收获期和第2a萌芽期0—200cm土层硝态氮含量差异不显著。氮肥施用量对酿酒葡萄产量和叶柄含氮量的影响达到显著水平,对果实和叶片含氮量的影响不明显,其中高氮(300kg/hm~2)和中氮(240kg/hm~2)处理之间酿酒葡萄产量、果实含氮量、叶片含氮量、叶柄含氮量差异不明显,但是高氮和中氮处理与低氮(180kg/hm~2)处理相比,产量增加28.6%和24.1%,叶片含氮量增加17.4%和11.3%,叶柄含氮量增加了40.7%和33.0%,而对于收获期和第2a萌芽期0—200cm土层硝态氮含量,高氮处理相对于中氮和低氮处理增加了53.8%,94.4%和41.8%,76.1%,氮肥施用量和施用深度的交互效应,仅叶片含氮量达到显著水平。[结论]受土壤质地和传统沟灌影响,氮肥施用深度对酿酒葡萄影响效果不明显,240kg/hm~2为酿酒葡萄较为合适的氮肥施用量,但氮素也存在损失风险。所以,凉州灌区酿酒葡萄合理施肥应该和灌水方式进行结合来确定合理的施肥量和施肥方式。