TGF β1 inhibits the maturation of dendritic cells and down-regulates TLR4 expression

AIM: To investigate the effects of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) on murine-derived dendritic cells (DC). METHODS: Murine bone marrow cells were cultured with GM-CSF and TGF-β1 to develop TGF β-DC. Then they were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Their phenotypes were assessed by flow cytometry (FCM). The allogeneic stimulating capacity of DC was measured by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) using BrdU ELISA method. IL-12 p70 protein was detected by ELISA and the expressions of Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) on DCs were measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and FCM. RESULTS: Compared to immature DC (imDC) cultured with GM-CSF alone, the expressions of CD80, CD86, I-Ab and CD40 in TGF β-DC were lower. The TGF β-DC was resistant to maturation by LPS. Maturation resistance was evident from a failure to up-regulate CMs, to stimulate larger T cell proliferation and to increase secretion of IL-12 p70. Down-regulation of TLR4 expression on TGF β-DC was also found. CONCLUSION: TGF-β1 inhibits the expression of co-stimulatory molecules on DC. It is resistant to maturation stimulus (LPS) and might be linked with TLR4 down-regulation.     

Comparative phosphoproteome analysis of cardiomyocytes preconditioned by diazoxide

AIM: To analyze and identify the phosphoproteins associated with diazoxide preconditioning. METHODS: Proteomics technique was used to investigate the changes of phosphoprotein after diazoxide preconditioning. Adult rat ventricular myocytes were pretreated in the presence and absence of 200 μmol/L diazoxide for 10 min. Phosphoproteins prepared and enriched respectively from control and diazoxide pretreated groups were then separated by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis and stained with sliver staining kit. Phosphoproteins of interest were further identified by mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Associated with diazoxide preconditioning, the proteins of chaperonin containing TCP-1 and hypothetical protein XP_346548 were phosphorylated significantly. The proteins of 94 kD glucose-regulated protein, calpactin I heavy chain and ferritin were dephosphorylated markedly (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that cardiomyocytes undergo significant posttranslational modification via phosphorylation in a multitude of proteins in response to diazoxide preconditioned signaling, which may mediate myocardioprotection signaling downstream mitochondrial staining dish K_ATP channel induced by ischemic preconditioning.     

Increased expression and possible roles of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in pancreatic islets of STZ-induced diabetic monkeys

AIM: To verify and localize the expression of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) in pancreas of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic monkeys and understand its important role in β-cell destruction in the pathogenesis of diabetes. METHODS: Through an olig-microarray gene chip, NNMT was identified as the most obviously up-regulated genes in pancreas of STZ-induced diabetic monkeys versus controls. Semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed to verify the differential expression at mRNA and protein level respectively. Then the cellular localization of NNMT expression within pancreas was identified by immunohistochemical(IHC) staining.RESULTS: An obvious high expression of NNMT at both mRNA and protein levels was shown in pancreas of STZ-induced diabetic monkeys compared to that of controls. Further localization of the protein by IHC staining in pancreas specimens showed that its altered expression was restricted to central islets, most of which were β cells.CONCLUSION: Expression of NNMT is increased in islets of STZ- induced diabetic monkeys, which infers that NNMT might participate in the process of β cell damage in diabetes probably through the mechanism of energy metabolism disturbance.     

双向电泳结合蛋白质印迹技术分析猪囊尾蚴乳酸脱氢酶

为了研究猪囊尾蚴乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的表达,试验选择四川省雅江县呷拉乡猪带绦虫病患者,给其口服槟榔-南瓜子驱虫,收集、制备虫卵悬液(8万个/mL),再给3头20日龄三元杂交乳猪猪灌胃虫卵悬液,每头1 mL,40 d后收集、制备猪囊尾蚴蛋白,进行双向电泳(2-DE)分析,将凝胶蛋白斑点转移至聚偏氟乙烯膜(PVDF膜),用自制的大鼠抗猪带绦虫LDH血清作为一抗、健康大鼠血清作为阴性对照进行蛋白质印迹(Western-blotting)分析。结果表明:双向电泳凝胶共检测到(207±9)个蛋白质斑点,相对分子质量(Mr)为14 400～94 000,等电点(pI)为3.0～10.0;试验组特异性抗原抗体阳性杂交斑点为1个,阴性对照未见阳性杂交斑点;将Western-blotting检测的抗原抗体阳性杂交斑点与原双向电泳凝胶斑点进行比对,找到对应蛋白斑点,经ImageMaster 2D Platinum 5.0软件分析后初步确定该蛋白斑点的pI/Mr为7.03/35 368,与猪带绦虫LDH的pI/Mr理论推导值接近,说明猪囊尾蚴表达LDH。     

以生态恢复为导向的郪江流域大英段植物景观规划

流域植被作为基础的自然"本底",在构建和维护河流生态系统稳定方面有着重要作用。通过对生态恢复定义及模式的探析,以流域植物为主要分析对象,浅析其界定与特征。以郪江流域大英段生态恢复项目为载体,展开流域植物景观规划研究,阐述总体策略引导下的植物评价及规划。     

不同播期对威芋5号产量及生长发育的影响

以马铃薯威芋5号为试验材料,研究在威宁县不同播期对威芋5号生理指标和产量的影响。试验结果表明,3月23日播种,威芋5号产量最高,可达2 116.46 kg/667 m2,纯收入为1 134.81元/667 m2,经济效益显著,而不同播期对威芋5号生育期影响不大。     

海南橡胶园灵芝属真菌分类研究

在2010年10月至2013年5月间,通过对采自海南省儋州、文昌、澄迈、五指山、白沙、三亚、东方、临高、定安、琼中、陵水等11个市、县的中、老龄橡胶树林段及其防护林的病、死树及树桩上的灵芝属真菌标本180余份进行鉴定,初步鉴定出灵芝属真菌17种,分别为白边树舌(Ganoderma albornartginatm)、层叠灵芝(G.lobatum)、长管灵芝(G.annulare)、黄边灵芝(G.luteomarginatum)、灵芝(G.lucidum)、南方树舌灵芝(G.australe)、热带灵芝(G.tropicum)、唐氏灵芝(G.donkii)、橡胶灵芝(G.pseudoferreum)、有柄树舌灵芝(G.gibbosm)、树舌灵芝(G.applanatum)、菲律宾灵芝(G.philippii)、褐灵芝(G.brownii)、薄盖灵芝(G.capense)、马蹄状灵芝(G.ungulatum)、吊罗山灵芝(G.diaoluoshanense)和无柄灵芝(G.resinaceum)。其中橡胶灵芝和菲律宾灵芝为引起橡胶树红根病的重要病原菌,热带灵芝(G.tropicum)、薄盖灵芝(G.capense)为引起台湾相思、木麻黄、桉树等防护林树木枯死的重要病原菌。     

基于人体五行的老年疗养花园景观设计方法研究

从探究五行与人体、五行与植物的关系出发,以老年疗养花园为对象进行景观功能设计,并以人体各机能器官的分布特色为借鉴进行相应的植物五行搭配,形成了疗养花园的五大景观系统和六大功能分区,从而构建和谐、稳定、吉气通畅的植物疗养场.     

不同水分条件下平衡施肥对旱地冬小麦土壤硝态氮运移的影响

为了探明不同水分条件下旱地冬小麦养分管理措施对土壤环境的影响,在控雨池栽条件下,设置水分与肥料双因素随机区组试验,以不施肥为对照,研究了0~200 cm土层在底墒为650 mm时,不同水分条件下3个平衡施肥处理(Y1:N 13.9 kg·hm-2、P2O54.65 kg·hm-2、K2O 15.3 kg·hm-2,Y2:N97.5kg·hm-2、P2O532.7 kg·hm-2、K2O 107.6 kg·hm-2,Y3:N 181.2 kg·hm-2、P2O560.6 kg·hm-2、K2O 199.8 kg·hm-2)对旱地冬小麦主要生育时期土壤硝态氮运移的影响。结果表明:开花期、灌浆期,在各水分条件下,0~80cm土层土壤硝态氮平均含量及积累量在Y1施肥量水平下与不施肥处理(Y0)差异不显著,Y2、Y3水平较Y0和Y1硝态氮平均含量增加98.6%~363.6%(P0.05),硝态氮积累量增加98.2%~260.9%,Y3与Y2无显著差异;施肥量的增加对80~160 cm土层土壤硝态氮含量及累积量无显著影响。在生育期补灌100mm(R3)、78 mm(R2)、56 mm(R1)条件下,冬小麦成熟期3个施肥量80~160cm土层的土壤硝态氮累积量较不补灌(R0)分别减少27.2%~41.0%、44.8%~48.4%、23.7%~49.4%,较高的水分条件加剧了土壤硝态氮向深层的淋溶。从满足冬小麦营养需求、减少土壤硝态氮的累积、提高肥料利用效率等方面综合考虑,冬小麦的适宜施肥量为Y2水平。     

大兴安岭主要树种生长过程表中有关调查因子的补充计算及其应用

在使用林分生长过程表中 ,文章就林分株数、立木材积、平均生长量、生长率、胸高形数、稀疏株数等因子的补充计算及其应用方面作初步探讨