TOPSIS法在农业综合生产力评价中的应用

农业综合生产力是一个多层次多指标的评价过程。文章将多目标决策的 TOPSIS法用于农业生产能力的综合评价中 ,根据各评价指标特征值之间的变异程度 ,利用变异系数确定其权重并建立了评价模型。并将该方法应用于南京地区 5县 4区的农业综合生产力评价中 ,结果得出江宁县的农业生产力水平最高 ,江浦县的农业生产力水平最低 ,这一评价结果与投影寻踪模型及多层次关联评价方法所得结果相同     

食用型向日葵杂交种主要性状的典型性相关分析

试验针对食用向日葵育种中存在的实际问题，对其主要性状进行典型性相关分析研究。结果表明：食用向日葵产量性状与形态性状、生育期之间的相关主要是由产量性状中的单盘粒数、籽实产量和形态性状中的株高、叶片数及生育期的相关引起。以上结果可为食用向日葵杂交育种研究提供依据。     

红壤地油菜上施用的尿素态氮的去向及尿素在提高油菜产量中的效率

Fate of urea nitrogen(N) applied to rape grown on a red soil was investigated by the 15N mass balance technique.and efficiency of urea and effect of nutrients balance in raising rape yield were investigated in a field plot experiment.One hundred and thirty -eight kg N/ha,86kg N/ha as basal dressing and 52 kg N/ha as top dressing,was applied with band application technique.The experiment was conducted in the southeast of china ,near Yingtan City,Jianxi Province.Results from 15N mass balance study showed that when urea urea was applied as basal dressing the plant recovery was 44.0% of the applied N for Treatment T (with application of N,P,K,B and lime),Plant recoveries were 38.0%-40.5% for Treatments-K,-B-lime and RS(without application of K,B or lime as well as with additional rice straw compared with Teatment T),which were not significantly different from Treatment T.In contrast ,plant recovery was only 5.1% for Treatment-P(without application of P), indicating that P was the factor limiting N uptake by rape.However,N remaining in 0-0.30 m soil was high up to 71.6% for Treatment-P,while the corresponding data were 33.0%-42.6% for the other treatments.The total recovery of applied N(including plant recovery and N remaining in 0-0.60 m soil) was 91.5% for Treatment T when urea was applied as basal dressing,while almost all the applied N was recovered when ureawas applied as top drssing,It was suggested that N loss was greatly controlled by using band application method in this experiment.Results from the field plot experiment field plot experiment showed that N supply capacity of this red soil was very low,and the efficiency of the applied N was quite high,7.1kg rape seed was increased by application of one kg N for Treatment T.Nitrogen and phosphorus were the key factors limiting rape yield,and the yield was very low when neither of them was applied.The yield in Treatment-K was significantly lower than that in Treatment T,With the former accounting for 77% of the later.     

巴彦淖尔市设施农业发展现状、存在问题及对策

近年来,巴彦淖尔市设施农业发展迅速。但随着该市设施农业发展规模的不断扩大,在建设、生产、销售等方面逐渐凸显出一些问题。阐述了当前巴彦淖尔市设施农业的发展状况,并针对存在的主要问题提出了相应对策。     

HJJ-80型卧式饲料搅拌机的设计

随着畜牧业的发展,对饲料数量及质量有了更进一步的需求。搅拌机是饲料加工中的关键设备，因此搅拌机的正确设计对生产饲料的质量及经济性有着重要影响。为此，按照饲料配方的要求，根据提出的主要技术参数，确定了整机的结构尺寸及配套动力，设计和试制了饲料搅拌机。     

柔嫩艾美耳球虫感染对肉仔鸡粪便水分的影响

采用单因子试验设计法,测定肉仔鸡感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫(E.tenella)后对粪便中水分变化的影响。试验表明:感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫后,鸡的生产性能受到显著的影响(P<0.05)。粪便中水分含量高于未感染组,感染后4d粪便中水分含量呈上升趋势,研究认为,粪便中水分含量的增加是球虫感染后的鸡的病理性变化的一种生理反映。在临床上,可将鸡粪便中水分含量的变化作为评判鸡感染球虫的参考指标之一。     

冬枣绿盲蝽的发生与无公害防治

近年来绿盲蝽已成为我国冬枣的主要害虫。其刺吸冬枣幼嫩部分的汁液进行危害,造成花芽分化不良,落蕾落花,叶片穿孔,枣果畸形脱落,导致严重的经济损失。本文综述了绿盲蝽的分布、发生规律和危害特点,分析了其成灾原因。针对目前绿盲蝽发生的特点以及防治中的问题,介绍了冬枣园绿盲蝽无公害化防治技术。     

嗜盐枝芽孢菌A355的分离及种属鉴定

通过高盐选择性培养基平板分离法,从陕西定边盐湖土壤样品中分离筛选极端嗜盐菌株,并通过传统的表型特征(包括形态学观察、生长因子实验、生理生化特征)和系统发育学16S rDNA序列分析鉴定嗜盐菌株的分类学地位。结果表明,分离筛选出1株最适生长盐浓度在10%-15%的细菌菌株A355,初步鉴定其为中度嗜盐菌,属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)芽孢杆菌科(Bacillaceae)枝芽孢菌属(Virgibacillus salarius sp.)。     

关于两系杂交稻种子纯度SSR分子检测方法与田间种植鉴定方法的对比试验

为找到SSR分子检测两系杂交稻种子纯度与田间种植鉴定种子纯度两种方法的相关性及验证两种检测方法鉴定结果的一致性,构建了3个两系杂交稻群体各500株,分别对其种子纯度进行了室内SSR分子检测与田间正季种植鉴定,同时对两种检测方法的单株鉴定结果进行一一对比.结果表明,两种检测方法无明显差异,鉴定结果较一致,但对于田间的非不育系杂株,SSR分子检测不能有效地检测出来.     

不同贮藏时间和地点对谷子、糜子种子萌发特性的影响

试验对谷子、糜子品种进行不同地点、不同时间的贮藏,并在贮藏1年后对种子进行发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数的测定.结果表明:发芽率下降较快的谷子品种为长农39,糜子品种为伊选黄糜;赤谷4号和内糜5号在3个试验地点均具有较高的发芽指数和活力水平,适宜长时间贮藏.