Oviposition preference of Anoplophora glabripennis emerging from five host tree species under field conditions

The Asian longhorned beetle （ALB）, Anoplophora glabripennis （Motschulsky） is a polyphagous woodborer of hardwood trees. In order to well understand the oviposition preference of A. glabripennis emerging from different larval host tree species, we selected five common host tree species in the field and evaluated its oviposition preferences. The five host tree species are Acer negundo （AN）, Salix matsudana f. lobato-glandulosa （SM）, Populus nigra L. var. thevestina （Dode） Bean （PN）, P. simonii × P. pyramidalis cv. Opera 8277 （PS） and P. alba var. pyramidalis （PA）. Results show that adult beetles emerging from these five tree species almost have the same oviposition phenomenon. All adult beetles, except those emerging from PS, chewed the highest potential sites and laid most eggs on AN trees. Adult beetles emerging from AN, PN, PS and PA did not chew any sites nor laid any eggs on PA trees. These results showed that adult A. glabripennis emerging from the five host tree species did not show any clear oviposition preference for their larval host tree species in the field but they did present the most obvious preference for AN and the lowest preference for PA.     

温湿度解耦模糊控制系统的研究

针对温室气候控制方法中温湿度之间的耦合作用,提出了以温度控制为主、湿度控制为辅的控制策略,并建立两变量输入、3变量输出的控制主回路和补偿回路模糊控制系统,从而为温湿度控制提供了一种行之有效的方法。     

华山松SRAP引物的筛选与验证

为筛选华山松SRAP遗传多样性引物,以华山松无性系种子园6个种源的30株优良无性系幼嫩无病害针叶为实验材料,基于SRAP标记技术,选用10条正向引物、10条反向引物,随机组合成100个SRAP引物组合,对华山松DNA进行PCR扩增。结果表明：实验共筛选获得15对多态性较为丰富并且具有可重复性的有效引物;15对引物共扩增出3 767条DNA条带,其中,多态性条带有2 448条,占总条带数的64.99%,平均多态性比率为64.28%。所得15对SRAP引物适合作为华山松遗传多样性分析。     

三个大果型番茄花药愈伤组织诱导分析

本研究以3个大果型番茄杂交种F1代('1401','1403','卡莱')的花药为试验材料,对其花药愈伤组织诱导的影响因素进行初步研究.结果表明:大果型番茄花药小孢子发育时期与花蕾长度以及花药长度呈正相关.较适番茄花蕾消毒方法为用70％酒精对番茄花蕾进行表面消毒30 s,然后再用加了0.1％吐温20的15％NaC1O消...     

蓄能发光材料在园林工程中的应用探讨

指出了蓄能发光材料是能以某种方式吸收可见光能量,在白天或有光照条件下吸收蓄积光能,夜晚或黑暗时转化光的形式发射的材料。园林景观工程为了丰富城市景色,运用各种园景灯光来丰富夜景,而蓄能发光材料是一种节能型的园林夜景材料,在保持园林工程结构应用性能的基础上,具有夜间发光的景观效果,使发光材料成为园林夜色景观的新亮点。基于此,探讨了蓄能发光材料在园林工程中的应用,以期提供参考。     

Reproductive characteristics and variations in the biochemical composition of Neptunea arthritica cumingii crosse through embryonic development

The copulation, egg laying, embryonic development and changes in amino acids and fatty acids in Neptunea arthritica cumingii during embryogenesis were studied to understand the embryo development process and nutritional requirements in the early life phase. The results showed that N. arthritica cumingii has direct development within the egg capsule and the development of embryos was classified into five stages: cleavage, egg swallowing, protoconch forming, shell development and juvenile. Embryos develop through the provision of nurse eggs as an extra‐embryonic source of nutrition. As development continued, the body of the embryo began to coil. After about 70–80 days, young N.arthritica cumingii started to emerge through a hole underneath the capsule. Biochemical results showed that the total amount of amino acids showed a decreasing trend as embryonic development progressed. The content of all nine essential amino acids decreased significantly from the egg‐swallowing stage to the post‐larva stage (p < .05). Concentrations of five of the seven nonessential amino acids also showed a decreasing trend from the egg‐swallowing stage to the post‐larva stage; the exceptions were Ala and Gly. Gly is the only amino acid that consistently increased in concentration during the development process. Most fatty acids increased after the eggs hatched, except for C20:1, C20:2, C22:5 and C22:6 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA). The data in this study may provide a starting point for the formulation of well‐balanced early‐stage larval diets, although N.arthritica cumingii is still in the exploration stage.     

全混合日粮营养水平对肉牛育肥效果的影响

采用完全随机单位组设计方法,设计并开展试验,评价TMR营养水平对肉牛增重效果、产肉性能和经济效益的影响,结果表明:提高TMR营养水平可以提高肉牛日增重8.79%、采食速度、降低采食量0.65%;可以改善屠宰性能,提高肉牛屠宰率0.47%、净肉率1.28%、胴体产肉率1.46%及优质切块肉的比重;可以提高饲料报酬;两种经济效益分别提高159.53元、385.79元。综合以上结果得出,提高TMR营养水平可以提高肉牛增重效果、产肉性能及经济效益。     

不同生长条件下复叶槭生态型叶片显微形态特征的变化(英文)

复叶槭 (AcernegundoLinn .)自 10 0年前从北美引种到中国 ,在内蒙古东部的生态交错带上 ,为了适应严酷的生存环境 ,形成了很多特殊的形态特征 .在不同的植被带生长的两个复叶槭生态型 ,其叶片并没有肉眼可见的差异 ,但它们的叶片显微形态特征却完全不同 .来自更加干旱温暖的种源的叶片具有更多的表皮毛、更多而小的气孔、更大的副卫细胞、更厚的栅栏组织 ,且其叶表角质层更加平滑 .来自干热地区种源的叶片显微特征有利于植物降低叶温、保持水分 .植物长期适应不同生存环境会形成具有不同叶部显微形态特征的生态型 ,当叶部显微形态特征用作植物分类的依据时应予以考虑 .     

Effects of different green manure treatments on soil apparent N and P balance under a 34-year double-rice cropping system

Purpose

Although green manure rotation is often used to promote soil fertility and crop yield, the effects of this management practice on the nitrogen or phosphorus balance and the relationship between nutrient balance and the increase in soil nutrients have not been systematically studied.

Materials and methods

We investigated the apparent nitrogen and phosphorus balances and their associations with soil nitrogen and phosphorus increases, respectively, in a 34-year-old experimental site with various green manures and rice rotations using linear and logistic models. Cropping treatments included a rice-rice-winter fallow treatment as a control (RRW) and three green manure rotation treatments: rice-rice-ryegrass (RRR), rice-rice-oil rape (RRO), and rice-rice-Chinese milk vetch (RRC).

Results and discussion

We found that apparent nitrogen and phosphorus balances of RRR, RRO, and RRC were 164, 162, and 149 kg hm^?2, which were all significantly lower than 200 kg hm^?2 of RRW (P <?0.05). Moreover, the optimal fitted model of the relationship between cumulative nutrient balance and the increase in soil nutrients was different among treatments. Specifically, the correlation coefficients of cumulative nitrogen balance and soil nitrogen increase of RRR, RRO, and RRC in the linear model (0.49, 0.80, and 0.63) were all significantly lower than in the logistic model (0.81, 0.90, and 0.82). The correlation coefficients of cumulative phosphorus balance and increase in soil phosphorus of RRW in the linear model (0.81) were significantly lower than in the logistic model (0.91). Parameter analysis of the optimal fitted model revealed that RRC would increase the storage capacity of soil nitrogen and decrease the rate of soil phosphorus accumulation.

Conclusions

Our results suggested that long-term rice-rice-green manure rotation could significantly change the apparent nitrogen and phosphorus balance and their association with soil nitrogen and phosphorus content, respectively. Our study highlights the importance of green manure rotation in an agro-ecological environment and soil fertility in a double rice cropping system in red paddy soil.

     

淡水养殖鱼类死后生化变化及其对鲜度质量的影响

本文采用不同致死方法研究究死前不同生理状态对死后ATP及其相关物质的生化变化，并结合编、鲢、草鱼的部分K值测定结果，考察了鱼体在僵硬前期与全僵期的鲜度质量变化。测定结果表明：（1）活杀、挣扎死和半死的精，死后最初ATP和乳酸含量与达到全僵的时间直接相关，死前肌肉ATP和糖原消耗的有无和程度是决定其死后达到全僵时间长短与活杀效果大小的根本因素，因而对改进保鲜技术具有重要指导意义。（2）编死后达到全僵的时间与IMP达到最高值的时间一致，随后IMP缓慢下降，HxR及K值缓慢上升，达到解僵前的IMP仍保持在较高的水平。（3）不同季节的镛、鲢和草鱼死后达到全僵时的K值均基本保持在20％以内的高鲜度范围，但达到解僵时的K值，仅在解僵时间短的夏季和春季可能保持在20％以内，对在解僵时间长的秋季和冬季，均超过20％，甚至接近40％．表明鲜度质量逐渐下降。