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141.
Gregorio Iraola Martín Hernández Lucía Calleros Fernando Paolicchi Silvia Silveyra Alejandra Velilla Luis Carretto Eliana Rodríguez Ruben Pérez 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2012,13(4):371-376
Campylobacter (C.) fetus (epsilonproteobacteria) is an important veterinary pathogen. This species is currently divided into C. fetus subspecies (subsp.) fetus (Cff) and C. fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv). Cfv is the causative agent of bovine genital Campylobacteriosis, an infectious disease that leads to severe reproductive problems in cattle worldwide. Cff is a more general pathogen that causes reproductive problems mainly in sheep although cattle can also be affected. Here we describe a multiplex PCR method to detect C. fetus and differentiate between subspecies in a single step. The assay was standardized using cultured strains and successfully used to analyze the abomasal liquid of aborted bovine fetuses without any pre-enrichment step. Results of our assay were completely consistent with those of traditional bacteriological diagnostic methods. Furthermore, the multiplex PCR technique we developed may be easily adopted by any molecular diagnostic laboratory as a complementary tool for detecting C. fetus subspecies and obtaining epidemiological information about abortion events in cattle. 相似文献
142.
Van Soens I Struys MM Bhatti SF Van Ham LM 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(1):290-292
Magnetic stimulation of radial (RN) and sciatic (SN) nerves was performed bilaterally in 40 healthy cats. Reference values for onset latency and peak-to-peak amplitude of magnetic motor evoked potentials (MMEPs) were obtained and compared with values of electric motor evoked potentials (EMEPs) in 10/40 cats. Onset latencies and peak-to-peak amplitudes of the MMEPs of three cats with polyneuropathy (PNP) were compared to the reference values. Magnetic motor evoked responses were easily recorded in all normal cats. Significant differences were found in onset latencies between MMEPs and EMEPs, but peak-to-peak amplitudes were equal. The MMEPs of three cats with PNP can be seen as outliers in comparison to the reference values. MMEPs from the RN and SN were easily obtained and reproducible in normal cats. The technique could represent a useful adjunct in the assessment of peripheral nerve disorders. 相似文献
143.
Contrary to the numerous reports on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in domestic animals, only three articles concerning zoo animals are documented in the literature. A skin infection of an African elephant (Loxodonta africana) calf was most likely acquired from an infected caretaker. Another zoo detected MRSA in the rumen content of a mouflon (Ovis aries), and, in a third facility, it was reported in a fistulous wound at the coronary band of a digit of an Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis). In the present study, which lasted 13 months and involved 93 different individual mammals that belonged to 40 species and 19 families housed in the Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Belgium, this study reports the absence of MRSA in swabs of nostrils, skins, conjunctiva, vulva, abscess, and arm rests in public spaces. Samples were enriched overnight and inoculated on a selective chromogenic medium. 相似文献
144.
Stefan Schwarz Alexander Böttner Luc Goossens H. Mohamed Hafez Katrin Hartmann Martin Kaske Corinna Kehrenberg Manfred Kietzmann Dieter Klarmann Günter Klein Peter Krabisch Gabriele Luhofer Angelika Richter Bianka Schulz Claudia Sigge Karl-Heinz Waldmann Jürgen Wallmann Christiane Werckenthin 《Veterinary microbiology》2009
145.
M. Pastor K. Chalvet-Monfray T. Marchal G. Keck J.P. Magnol C. Fournel-Fleury F. Ponce 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2009,23(2):301-310
Background: The etiology of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) is multifactorial. Environmental and genetic factors are frequently incriminated both in humans and dogs.
Objectives: Our purpose was to study the geographic distribution of canine NHL (CNHL) in France and to evaluate genetic and environmental influences.
Animals: Six hundred and eight cases of CNHL, diagnosed throughout France over 1 year, were collected from 7 Veterinary Histopathologic Laboratories.
Methods: Retrospective study. Breeds affected by lymphomas were compared with the national population and associations between breed and immunophenotype were studied. The distribution of CNHL and canine T-cell NHL per 100,000 dogs per department was compared with the distribution of waste incinerators, polluted sites, and radioactive waste.
Results: The breeds significantly overrepresented among lymphoma cases were Boxer, Setter, and Cocker Spaniel ( P < .001). There was a significant association between Boxer and T-cell NHL ( P < .001), and between German Shepherd and Rottweiler and B-cell NHL ( P < .01). The geographic distribution of CNHL and canine T-cell NHL indicated significant heterogeneity. Significant association between distributions of CNHL and waste incinerators (ρ= 0.25, P < .05), polluted sites (ρ= 0.36, P < .001), and radioactive waste (ρ= 0.51, P < .001) was found.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Influence of genetics in the development of CNHL was supported by the existence of an association between breed and immunophenotype. Waste incinerators, polluted sites, and radioactive waste could just be considered as risk indicators of CNHL, but not as risk factors. Case-control studies around critical sites are necessary to confirm the implication of those environmental factors in the development of CNHL. 相似文献
Objectives: Our purpose was to study the geographic distribution of canine NHL (CNHL) in France and to evaluate genetic and environmental influences.
Animals: Six hundred and eight cases of CNHL, diagnosed throughout France over 1 year, were collected from 7 Veterinary Histopathologic Laboratories.
Methods: Retrospective study. Breeds affected by lymphomas were compared with the national population and associations between breed and immunophenotype were studied. The distribution of CNHL and canine T-cell NHL per 100,000 dogs per department was compared with the distribution of waste incinerators, polluted sites, and radioactive waste.
Results: The breeds significantly overrepresented among lymphoma cases were Boxer, Setter, and Cocker Spaniel ( P < .001). There was a significant association between Boxer and T-cell NHL ( P < .001), and between German Shepherd and Rottweiler and B-cell NHL ( P < .01). The geographic distribution of CNHL and canine T-cell NHL indicated significant heterogeneity. Significant association between distributions of CNHL and waste incinerators (ρ= 0.25, P < .05), polluted sites (ρ= 0.36, P < .001), and radioactive waste (ρ= 0.51, P < .001) was found.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Influence of genetics in the development of CNHL was supported by the existence of an association between breed and immunophenotype. Waste incinerators, polluted sites, and radioactive waste could just be considered as risk indicators of CNHL, but not as risk factors. Case-control studies around critical sites are necessary to confirm the implication of those environmental factors in the development of CNHL. 相似文献
146.
E Fontaine X Levy A Grellet A Luc F Bernex HJ Boulouis A Fontbonne 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2009,44(S2):196-199
There are a few investigations into endometritis in the bitch and its relationship with failure to conceive remains unclear. This may be because of the difficulty in collecting uterine samples for further investigations. Recently, transcervical catheterization by vaginal endoscopy has been introduced allowing the evaluation of the endometrium. In this study, uterine cytology and bacteriology were evaluated in 26 infertile bitches. Endometritis was bacterial in origin in most cases (70% of affected bitches), but these results may be underestimated, as some other pathogens (anaerobic bacteria, mycoplasms and fungi) were not investigated. Endometritis, in our opinion, should be investigated in each case of unexplained infertility in bitches. The method used here seems reliable although defining more accurate classification criteria will improve the efficiency of this non-invasive technique. 相似文献
147.
Pablo M. Fernández Lucía I. C. Figueroa Julia I. Fariña 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,206(1-4):283-293
The influence of culture medium composition on chromium(VI) quantification according to diphenylcarbazide (DPC) colorimetric determination was evaluated. Considering the eventual biospeciation of Cr(VI) as a mechanism of microbial bioremediation, the possibility to quantify Cr(III) in culture medium was also explored. Yeast nitrogen base (YNB) was identified as the least interferent culture medium for Cr(VI) quantification by DPC and it was applied to compare different strategies for Cr(III) oxidation. The most appropriate oxidation protocol consisted in the reaction with 80 mM KIO4 at room temperature for 30 min prior to DPC. Parameters like basal culture medium (vitamins + salts + oligoelements), C and N source were systematically evaluated, either independently or in combination. Results demonstrated that C source was the most interferent culture medium component, being the use of sucrose preferable to glucose. A medium arbitrarily named as YNB′ (YNB without amino acids and ammonium sulfate plus 50 g L?1 sucrose and 0.6 g L?1 (NH4)2SO4) was defined for Cr(VI)-amended fungal cultures. Kinetics of growth, Cr(VI) removal, and nutrient consumption for isolates A. pullulans VR-8, filamentous fungus PMF-1, and Lecythophora sp. NGV-1 were obtained. The order of Cr(VI) removal efficiency was as follows: A. pullulans VR-8 > Lecythophora sp. NGV-1 > filamentous fungus PMF-1, and a similar trend was observed for biomass yield and nutrients consumption. Studies on biospeciation by means of the selected Cr(III) oxidation protocol were unsuccessful, leading to Cr(VI) values much lower than expected. It revealed that this kind of protocols should be cautiously evaluated when studying microbial Cr(VI) bioremediation. 相似文献
148.
Tangni EK Motte JC Callebaut A Pussemier L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2010,58(24):12625-12633
Cross-reactivity of antibodies in AGRAQUANT, DON EIA, VERATOX, ROSA LF-DONQ, and MYCONTROLDON designed for deoxynivalenol (DON) determination in food and feedstuffs was evaluated against nivalenol, 3-acetylDON, 15-acetylDON, de-epoxy metabolite 1 of DON, DON-3β-glucoside, T2-toxin, HT2-toxin, fusarenone X, diacetoxyscirpenol, verrucarol, and zearalenone. Cross-reactivity measurements were run in water using the 50% reduction of absorbance of the blank for ELISA kits or through direct DON determination upon using the standards of mycotoxins via ROSA LF-DONQ or MYCONTROLDON. For the tested toxin concentrations, all DON kits have low cross-reactivity toward diacetoxyscirpenol, T2-toxin, HT2-toxin, verrucarol, and zearalenone and moderate cross-reactivity toward 15-AcetylDON and fusarenone X. AGRAQUANT, DON EIA, and VERATOX kits showed high cross-reactivity in various ranking orders against DON-3-Glc, DOM-1, and 3AcDON. DON EIA showed also high cross-reactivity against nivalenol and fusarenone X. These mycotoxins could coexist in food or feedstuffs, and analytical results can be wrongly interpreted. Cross-reactivity does not allow checking the compliance with the legal norms, but it does allow an overall risk assessment for the consumers. Updating regularly the cross-reactivity evaluation of the produced batches is recommended for 3-acetylDON, nivalenol, DON-3-Glc, de-epoxy metabolite 1, and fusarenone X. 相似文献
149.
BACKGROUND: In this study, the effects of three saponins and one sapogenin with a triterpenoid or steroid structure in two lepidopteran insect cell lines, ovarian Bm5 and midgut CF‐203 cells, were analysed with regard to cell viability, cell membrane permeation, EcR responsiveness and DNA fragmentation. In addition, the entomotoxic action of Q. saponaria saponin with primary midgut cell cultures and larval stages of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis was tested. RESULTS: Both lepidopteran cell lines show a high sensitivity to all four sapo(ge)nins, with a concentration‐dependent viability loss and EC50 values of 25–100 µM in MTT bioassays. A trypan blue assay with Q. saponaria saponin confirmed rapid cell membrane permeation to be a cause of cytotoxicity. Saponins caused no EcR activation in Bm5 cells, but a loss of ecdysteroid signalling was observed with IC50 values of 5–10 µM . Lower saponin concentrations induced DNA fragmentation, confirming their potential to induce apoptosis. Finally, Q. saponaria saponin caused cytotoxicity in primary midgut cell cultures of S. littoralis (EC50 = 4.7 µM ) and killed 70–84% of S. littoralis larvae at pupation at 30‐70 mg g?1, while lower concentrations retarded larval weight gain and development. CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained provide evidence that saponins exert a strong activity on lepidopteran cells, presumably based on a cytotoxic action due to permeation of the cell membrane. Primary midgut cell cultures and larvae of S. littoralis showed high sensitivity to Q. saponaria saponin, indicating the insect midgut as a primary target for entomotoxicity and the potential use of saponins in the control of pest Lepidoptera. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献