控制sch单养雄蚕品种雌雄蚕孵出比例的催青处理因素研究

研究结果表明 :在RH 6 0 %状态下 ,控制性比的温度和下限时间负相关达到显著水平 ;控制性比的高温处理适于干燥状态下进行 ;处理后雌蚕孵化整齐度明显低于雄蚕孵化整齐度 ,雌雄蚕孵化整齐度均随处理温度的升高而下降 ,尤以雌蚕更为明显。由此提出了在RH 6 0 %状态下sch单养雄蚕品种控制性比的起点温度及温度、时间范围。认为高温催青用下限温度配合 1日收蚁法效果好 ,高温处理以后的胚胎适于在RH 80 %～ 85 %的湿度中保护     

不同断奶日龄仔猪血清代谢物水平的变化

本试验研究了不同断奶日龄仔猪血清代谢物水平的变化。试验设１７日龄断奶、２１日龄断奶、２８日龄断奶、３５日龄断奶４个处理组,每个处理３个重复,每个重复１窝,定时采血。结果表明,１７、２１日龄断奶组仔猪血糖浓度显著低于３５日龄断奶组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,在断奶后２～３周时间内,以１７日龄断奶组仔猪血糖浓度波动最大;４个不同断奶日龄组之间仔猪血清尿素氮浓度没有显著差异;与３５日龄断奶组比,１７日龄断奶仔猪血     

基因探针和PCR对鲤吉陶单极虫的检测

采用液氮冷冻研磨法破碎吉陶单极虫（Ｔｈｅｌｏｈａｎｅｌｕｓｋｉｔａｕｅｉ）孢子，按常规法提取其基因组ＤＮＡ。取ＤＮＡＥｃｏＲＩ消化产物，采用低熔点琼脂糖回收法制备大（３．０～１５．０ｋｂ）、小（０．５～３．０ｋｂ）片段，将其克隆于ｐＢｌｕｅｓｃｒｉｐｔｋｓＥｃｏＲＩ位点，经α－互补现象、酶切鉴定和虫体ＤＮＡ生物素标记探针筛选，构建了含２３个克隆的基因文库，克隆片段介于０．９～６．８ｋｂ之间；经阳性克隆标记筛选及特性分析，制备了长度为０．９ｋｂ（１９号质粒克隆片段）的探针，该探针具有较强的敏感性和特异性。对该探针两端ＤＮＡ序列进行分析，设计出１对引物。上游引物序列为：５′ＴＴＴＣＧＡＡＣＣＣＧＣＡＣＡＡＣＡＡＧ３′，下游引物序列为：５′ＴＧＡＧＴＧＧＡＴＡＧ－ＴＡＴＣＧＣＴＧＣ３′。应用该对引物对虫体进行了检测     

酸与胆汁耐性芽孢益生菌的筛选

试验选用允许直接饲喂的安全微生物中的芽孢杆菌,按照益生菌的特定要求,考察各菌株对低pH和高胆盐的耐受性及产酶特性。筛选获得的凝结芽孢杆菌AHU1366,耐受性优良,并能产生淀粉酶和蛋白酶,是一株比较理想的饲用益生菌。     

Effect of storage temperatures and duration on quality of prepared chicken breast with paprika oleoresin

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of storage temperatures and time on discoloration and oxidation of prepared chicken breast with paprika oleoresin. Freshly prepared chicken breast containing paprika oleoresin was stored at ?2, ?10, ?18°C, and an oscillating temperature between ?10 and ?18°C (?10/?18°C). A significant decrease in redness was detected at ?2, ?10, and ?10/?18°C. The lowest TBARS values and carbonyl contents were observed in the samples stored at ?18°C for 5 weeks. Also, the values of sulfhydryl groups gradually decreased with the increase in storage temperatures and duration. The results suggest a positive correlation between the loss of redness and oxidation in all samples. The findings indicated that the discoloration and oxidation of prepared chicken breast added with paprika oleoresin were inhibited significantly when stored at ?18°C.     

Evaluation of the infectivity, length of infection, and immune response of a low-pathogenicity H7N2 avian influenza virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens

The H7N2 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV) field isolate (H7N2/chicken/PA/3779-2/97), which caused the 1997-98 AIV outbreak in Pennsylvania, was evaluated for its infectivity, length of infection, and immune response in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. The composite findings of three clinical trials with various concentrations of virus indicated that this H7N2 subtype contained minimal pathogenicity for chickens. The concentration of the virus in the inoculum proved critical in the establishment of a productive infection in a chicken. Seven-day-old SPF chickens were not infected when inoculated with 10(0.7-2.0) mean embryo lethal dose (ELD50) of the H7N2 virus per bird. At this dose level, the immune response to this virus was not detected by the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test. Nonetheless, chickens at ages of 5 and 23 wk old tested were successfully infected when exposed to 10(4.7-5.7) ELD50 of H7N2 infectious doses per bird by various routes of administration and also by direct contact. Infected birds started shedding virus as early as 2 days postinoculation, and the period of virus shedding occurred mostly within 1 or 2 wk postinoculation (WPI). This H7N2 subtype of AIV induced a measurable immune response in all birds within 2 wk after virus exposure. Antibody titers were associated with AIV infectious doses and age of exposure of birds. Challenge of these infected birds with the same H7N2 virus at 5 and 10 WPI indicated the infective virus was recoverable from cloacal swabs at 3 days postchallenge and disappeared thereafter. In these challenged birds, the antibody levels as measured by the HI test spiked within 1-2 wk.     

Treatment of a prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc in a ferret

A seven-month-old, male ferret had acute paraplegia and radiographs showed signs of disc prolapse between the second and third lumbar vertebrae (L2/3). Hemilaminectomy was performed to decompress the spinal cord. Histological examination revealed that the extradural material was consistent with annulus fibrosus and the L2/3 articular facets were enlarged as a result of bone remodelling. The ferret became ambulatory one month postoperatively. Five months postoperatively, the ferret had normal posture with mild proprioceptive deficits in the pelvic limbs, and fusion of the L2 and L3 vertebral bodies.     

胚胎期高温处理对家蚕生长发育及部分经济性状的影响

用 3 4℃、RH80 %的环境处理 2 0余个家蚕品种的己 + 2 期胚胎 ,结果表明 :高温处理对某些品种的幼虫经过、幼虫体重、全茧量、茧层量等有明显影响 ,对健康性、茧层率无明显影响 ,对丝质无实质影响 ;高温处理对家蚕生长发育和经济性状的影响纯种间存在差异 ,杂交种受影响比纯种小。因此认为 ,高温处理对家蚕生长发育、经济性状的影响不会成为伴性温敏基因和雄蚕品种利用的限制因素 ,部分不良影响可以通过常规育种手段加以解决     

桑茶间作经济效益的调查

利用桑茶空间互补、立体共生等特点,进行桑茶,可提高土地利用率,降低生产成本,即改善生态环境,又增加农民收益。     

我国南方猪高热病的研究(Ⅰ)——大肠杆菌的分离、鉴定和致病性测定

从湖南3个高热病发病猪场11头病死猪的病料组织中均分离出了大肠杆菌,经血清学鉴定,鞭毛抗原(K88、K99、987P和F41)全为阴性反应。经过157种菌体抗原血清学检测,血清型为5、6、15、22、32和83型。药物敏感试验结果表明,分离的大肠杆菌对大多数常用药物耐药,对氟喹诺酮和头孢类药物敏感。将其中4头猪原代分离的大肠菌培养物以原倍(2×107个/mL)、104和108稀释的菌液分别感染18~22 g小白鼠,原倍菌液感染的小白鼠12/30在感染后24 h内出现死亡,而104和108稀释菌液感染的小白鼠均健活;将未经除菌的病死猪组织悬液、过滤除菌的组织悬液、大肠杆菌、过滤除菌的组织悬液及大肠杆菌分别感染30日龄左右的健康小猪,除未经除菌的组织悬液感染猪3/3发病,2/3死亡外,其余所有感染猪只出现体温升高,升幅达1~2℃,减食,精神萎靡,但没有死亡;将死亡猪再次分离到的大肠杆菌感染小白鼠和猪,小白鼠12/15出现死亡,感染猪只出现体温升高(超过1℃),没有出现死亡。结果证明:大肠杆菌在高热病的发病过程中只起协同诱发作用,引起猪发病死亡的真正原因可能是病毒感染。